Real estate investment trusts (REITs) affect global real estate markets, with this research focusing on the complex financial procedures and investment strategies that determine these consequences. This study examines how market capitalization, P/E ratios, and revenue growth affect REIT performance in the US and worldwide. Regression is used to analyze data from FTSE Russell, Nareit, and S&P Global. According to studies, income-seeking investors can first find high dividend yields appealing. However, they can indicate financial concerns, which can lower market performance. The results show that significant revenue growth indicates operational and organizational health and is tied to market performance. Additionally, the article examines the interconnection of global REIT markets, highlighting the huge volatility spillovers and unequal integration of these markets. To mitigate this partial integration, investors should diversify and manage risk. The report also examines how REITs in developed and emerging nations are changing to promote stability, growth, and fundraising. This study concludes that adaptive skills and structural flaws of REITs should be understood to illuminate risk management and investment strategy in the context of global economic instability.
The Party in the 1990s merger boom into China, the real estate industry in the “merger and acquisition of the road” can be said to be in full swing With the change of social policies, “business transformation”, that is, seeking diversified development, has become one of the important motivations for M&A in the context of increasingly difficult and expensive “land acquisition” And Sunac China by virtue of the amazing speed and scale of mergers and acquisitions, in the real estate industry of mergers and acquisitions boom to stand out, people’s attention. Therefore, this paper classifies the series of M&A cases of Sunac China according to the M&A motivation, mainly discusses the two M&A cases based on the “business transformation” M&A motivation, analyzes the M&A performance respectively, summarizes the problems that enterprises tend to ignore when making cross-industry investment, and puts forward the corresponding investment countermeasures, which has certain reference significance for enterprises’ cross-industry investment.
Denis Olegovich Zhelikhovskiy, Sergei Igorevich Beliakov
In the article the main aspects of the formation of flexible management structures of corporate associations of construction enterprises — construction groups are considered. The subjects of the investment and construction complex must quickly respond to changes in the external environment, should have possibility to adjust to possible changes in the economy and other spheres. Such an opportunity can be realized on the basis of the formation of flexible management structures of organizations. A flexible management structure is an organizational structure that allows an enterprise to respond quickly and effectively to the changes in the external or internal environment. In general, flexible management structures are a set of system elements that can adapt to changing environmental conditions in order to ensure an acceptable level of efficiency and production optimization and management processes under conditions of changing environment. In this case, the formation of organizational structures is implemented at the following levels: intra-company level, organizational and functional level, organizational and contractual level. Formation of flexible organizational structures for the management of a construction group should be realized within the limits of the certain strategy, while fulfilling the conditions for maximizing the level of strategic development while ensuring a sufficient level of general stability of the construction group.
Denis Evgenievich Sezemin, Petr Grigorievich Grabovyy
Специализация — это одна из форм общественного разделения труда, выражающаяся в сосредоточении строительных организаций на выполнение однородных работ или возведение объектов одинакового назначения. Формы специализации играют важную роль в организации производства. Их экономическая эффективность, выражающаяся в первую очередь в повышении производительности труда, возрастает по мере сужения номенклатуры выполняемых работ и обеспечения в рассматриваемом специализированном подразделении более свободного обмена ресурсами. Развиваются четыре формы специализации: отраслевая, предметная (объектная), технологическая и подетальная.
Отраслевая специализация предусматривает выделение организаций, специализирующихся на строительстве определенных зданий и сооружений для отдельных отраслей народного хозяйства. Такая специализация существует на уровне министерства.
Под предметной специализацией понимается создание хозяйствующих субъектов, специализирующихся на строительстве зданий и сооружений, имеющих общие объемно-конструктивные модули (например, строительство АЭС, объектов транспортной инфраструктуры и др.). Развивается такая форма специализации на уровне крупных строительных компаний, девелоперских компаний.
Технологическая специализация характеризуется ориентацией строительных подразделений на производство определенных видов работ, объединенных технологией и организацией, в результате выполнения которых завершается определенный этап строительства (например, для АЭС возведение реакторного отделения, вспомогательного здания реактора, здания турбины — бетонные, отделочные, тепломонтажные работы и т.п.). Эта форма получила развитие на уровне специализированных строительных компаний, производственных потоков, участков.
Под подетальной специализацией понимается расчленение укрупненного строительного процесса на ряд частных процессов и сосредоточение производства в отдельных подразделениях (например, производство строительных конструкций на заводах железобетонных и металлических конструкций, доборочных деталей — на полигонах строительных компаний; установка строительных конструкций, кирпичная и каменная кладка — на монтажном участке), что в конечном счете способствует превращению строительной площадки в монтажную. Развивается подетальная специализация на уровне специализированных подразделений, бригад, звеньев.
For many years, the increase of energy derived from renewable sources in the total production of electricity, has been an important aim for both central and local authorities in many countries, including Poland. –Many investments undertaken in this area contribute to sustainable development. One of the branches of "green energy" may be prosument production induced by residential self-sufficient estates. The number of technologies and facilities-related developments have been growing in each EU country every year. The current article, aims to examine the potential influence of self-sufficient estates on "green energy" production and thus on sustainable development in Poland. In order to achieve the above, case studies were undertaken. They showed the profitability of examined photovoltaic installations and capability of the sector in energy production.
Contemporarily, with the rapid development of the real estate industry, its market needs a large number of sources of capital. At present, real estate financing mainly relies on bank loans to solve the capital needs, and a small number of large enterprises through the listing of financing. However, these financing modes alone are not enough to solve the needs of real estate enterprises for capital. This study selects countries or regions with different levels of real estate markets and compares the financing of representative real estate companies in these locations in an attempt to identify the relationship between the level of real estate markets and the financing patterns of real estate companies. According to the analysis, Sun Hung Kai Properties in Hong Kong uses a variety of new financial instruments to finance itself, D R Horton in the US has diversified its financing, and DLF in India gets most of its financing from banks. Overall, the empirical analysis will be useful for guiding further exploration of the impact of real estate market levels on corporate financing patterns.
With the relatively tight policy adjustment of the government's outbound investment in the general environment and the impact of COVID-19, Chinese real estate enterprises have been challenged and international investment has lost money for a while. In the fierce competition, real estate companies represented by Wanda and Vanke Group successfully used the transformation and upgrading of enterprises to survive, while some of real estate companies (e.g., Evergrande Group) faced a crisis of collapse due to failure of adjusting their business strategies in a timely manner. This paper studies the investment status and development trend of Chinese real estate enterprises in international markets, and analyze the risks and countermeasures of major Chinese enterprises in international real estate financial investment in the past six years. Wanda Real Estate's decision to shift from asset-heavy to asset-light is worth learning. Vanke's business strategy conforms to the green environmental protection requirements of social development and is worth looking forward to in the future development prospects. The enlightenment given to us by Evergrande is that when facing international investment, we must adapt measures to local conditions and choose investment methods suitable for our own enterprises in order to develop steadily in international markets. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of international investment for real estate companies.
This paper explores the relationship between real estate risks and banks through two sets of data: the China real estate Climate Index and bank non-performing loans. Correlation analysis showed a moderate negative correlation between the two factors, with correlation=-0.61333. The downside risk of the real estate sector will be passed on to the banks and may trigger a credit crisis for the banks. From the perspective of real estate developers, implementing the three red-line financing policies of China's real estate enterprises has caused difficulties in financing. On the buyer side, residents' expectations that real estate prices would rise forever have reversed. Meanwhile, the recurrence of COVID-19 in China has severely affected the country's economy and made residents' expectations for the future more uncertain. These common factors have led to downward pressure on the property sector. This scenario poses a challenge for Chinese policymaking. China's policies must rescue the property sector while ensuring it does not overheat again.
The establishment of ecological economic system has become the key to realize the transformation of China’s economy from high-speed development to high-quality development. This paper considers the multiple goals of economic, social, and ecological benefits to achieve sustainable development. Firstly, it establishes an indicator system affecting economic, social, and ecological benefits to guide the construction of the subsequent model. Secondly, this study constructs a multi-objective optimization model for ecological industrial structure. According to the different emphasis of objectives, a hybrid approach based on ant colony optimization and particle swarm optimization (ACO-PSO) is implemented to solve the optimal solution set of feasible schemes. Finally, Sichuan Province is selected as the case study area, and three scenarios including economic oriented scenario, employment protection scenario and environment-friendly scenario are screened and analyzed. The results show that: (1) After reasonable optimization and adjustment of the industrial structure, it realizes the overall development of economic benefits, social benefits, and ecological benefits. The comprehensive benefits of sustainable development have been significantly improved. (2) The optimized scenarios with different tendencies promote different benefits. Decision makers can make better choices based on the diverse needs of the different development stage.
Jordanians live in compact cities with limited green spaces causing several environmental problems that deteriorate the urban quality of life. Many reports and studies demonstrate the benefits of urban green infrastructure (UGI) in overcoming environmental deterioration in compacted cities. Nevertheless, Urban Green Infrastructure is still lagging in many Arab countries, and Jordan is no exception. UGI refers to a strategically planned network of connected greenspace in urban areas, such as green walls, green roofs, urban trees, and hedges. This study employs the concept of UGI with a particular focus on green walls and roofs. Therefore, this research aims to investigate and determine the key barriers that impede the implementation of UGI in Jordan through qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative study aims to elaborate on root causes that hinder the application of UGI. The quantitative part of the study employs a questionnaire survey to rank the significance of each barrier. This study finds that the shortage of irrigation water and the absence of incentive programs by local authorities were the top two barriers that impede the application of UGI in Jordan.
This article deals with the problem of the digital revolution, which in recent decades has led to the rapid pace of innovation not only in the global industrial sector, but also in science, medicine, education and other areas of human activity, providing them with a significant increase in productivity, profitability, labor productivity, and safety for the environment. However, this has hardly affected the construction industry, which has not undergone significant changes over the past 50 years. This article reveals the content of the main reason for the extremely slow pace of innovative processes in construction, due to its global scale and decentralized nature. The construction industry accounts for approximately 6 % of global GDP (and for developing countries it reaches 8 % of GDP) and continues to grow. Special attention is paid to the fact that construction is the largest consumer of resources, which annually uses about 50 % of the total volume of steel produced and more than 3 billion tons of raw materials. Therefore, any innovation that leads, for example, to increased productivity in construction, on a global scale could save $100 billion a year. Also, this paper shows the factors that make construction a difficult business, which is not amenable to the necessary transformations. The article presents the basic principles of building an automated information support system.
The housing rental market in Poland is underdeveloped and tilted towards temporary tenants, usually students and immigrants. To explore the flaws in the functioning of this market, we conduct a survey among 315 students from two Polish universities. We find that renting is not only perceived as a more expensive form of satisfying housing needs, but decreases satisfaction from utilizing the occupied house due to non-financial factors. Moreover, the perception of the relative advantages of owning versus renting is, to some extent, affected by flawed economic reasoning. Building on the above results, we discuss what policies could increase the demand for residential rental housing.
Basirat Ashabi Oyalowo, Damilola Shittu, Emmanuel Abdul
African countries are currently pressured by high urbanisation rates that threaten their ability to address the basic infrastructure and social needs of citizens. Globally, property taxes are utilised as a tool to generate revenue that supports infrastructure provision, but its use has not been effective in Africa. This study examines the trends in property tax administration in cities of four different countries in Africa. It presents an analysis of the lessons that can be learnt and improvements to be made. Using Lagos, Addis Ababa, Dar es Salaam and Kigali as case studies, the study finds that although they have carried out recent property tax reforms which have led to remarkable outcomes in terms of coverage and revenues, opportunities to take advantage of the growing real estate development markets arising from rapid urbanisation have been missed. Lack of intra-governmental co-operation is also a threat to sustaining performance in some cases. The role of local governments has been very contentious with policy changes and controversies. The need for stakeholder involvement and redistributing revenues to local services remains unexplored in all four cases. However, the use of technology in identifying the tax base, updating cadastre, and collection, represents key opportunities to increase effectiveness. Recommendations include strengthening intra-governmental co-operation, using technology to capture new real estate development and supporting local government capacities as strategies to improve property tax policy and administration.
The activity of Juozas Gabrys and his colleagues at the League of Nations in Geneva from 1927 until 1939 is the main subject of this article. The questions about this group of people are analyzed through several perspectives, such as journalism, business, and politics. The territorial and ethnical problems which were addressed by Lithuania at the League of Nations and the decisions of Lithuanian diplomats and politicians were overviewed in the press publications of Gabrys in various Lithuanian newspapers. In these texts he mostly focuses on two main topics in international interwar Lithuanian politics – the question of Vilnius its regarding mutual relations with Poland and the question of Memel and its region, which was intensely disputed by Lithuanian and German influences. Simultaneously, Gabrys had the intentions to develop business relations between Lithuania and Switzerland. He and his family worked in the fields of real estate and money exchange. Also, he established the Lithuanian Information Bureau in Geneva, which received irregular donations from the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, yet most of the publications were funded by Gabrys himself. The answer to the question of Gabrys’s real influence on Lithuanian foreign policy could be given only partially. As for now, the possibility to measure this influence is limited only to the press and information field, as Gabrys’s work in those fields, although forgotten and underestimated nowadays, was observed and evaluated by his contemporaries. Due to his publications, Lithuanians could form an opinion about the League of Nations and its decisions as well as the situation on the level of European policy.
With the advent of Web 2.0, there has been a comprehensive paradigm shift in the way people communicate and interact on the web. While the time before the Y2K focused on unilateral communication from the website owners to the viewers; the modern era has brought with it a whole new dimension of how organizations interact with their customers and prospects online. One of the major components of this ecosystem is the buzzing industry of E-Commerce. Today, amongst the top five most swiftly growing industries globally commerce is one of them. Organizations have made a beeline to market their products online to get their fair share of the online tech-savvy customers. In Pakistan, the E-Commerce marketplace is set to cross the magical USD1Billion this year. It is a big feat in a country where online payments are still not applicable and most of the business is done on Cash on Delivery. The purpose of this research is to narrow down on the subliminal and overt factors which contribute to making an E-Commerce platform/website stand out. The study takes into account the neurological factors that include eye-tracking as well as emotional recognition tools to study how online consumers interact with a particular website. The results revealed very interesting facts about how users interact with a particular E-Commerce website where findings revealed that most of the attention is given to data above the fold while screen flashers are the most premium real estate for these websites. Additionally, the space below the fold should not be ignored by these websites since most of the shoppers scroll down unconsciously. In order to promote engagement, these websites should focus on promoting discounts and sales messages.
Kazak Jan K., Simeunović Nataša, Hendricks Andreas
Seeing as how cities nowadays have to face many challenges (such as: urban traffic management, revitalization, and adaptation to climate change.), different kinds of urban policies and actions are undertaken. Many of these actions result in changes that influence real estate, mostly by improving the conditions of public services. However, implementation of such urban policies is connected with significant costs that have to be covered by public funds. Therefore, the question arises how we can analyze the assumed benefits from the increase of real estate value? Which tool could allow stakeholders to search for potential added value?
Rumana Yasmin, J. Petäjäjärvi, Konstantin Mikhaylov
et al.
Internet of Things (ioT) drives today's world towards digitalization allowing diverse and innovative use cases. These use cases are changing in a fundamental way how people are conducting their business in various verticals. In this paper we focus on the real estate use case. We deploy a monitoring system in a large open space at University of Oulu. The deployed system visualizes real estate conditions of this environment and gives insight to understanding a LoRaWAN IoT-enabled building. The number of the sensor nodes composing the deployed system reaches 331, with each node comprising five sensors providing information about temperature, humidity, CO2, amount of light, and motion. In the paper we report the results and the lessons learned during the deployment of such an extensive LoRaWAN sensor network. Aside of the practicalities related to the deployment of the network, we characterize and report the performance of the deployed network. The conducted deployment can become a valuable reference for engineers and practitioners, deploying a real estate monitoring system with LoRaWAN.
Real estate is an intensive business that largely depends on information. Information technology has become a major form of communication in the real estate industry, a tool for marketing and information dispersion. As a result, diverse factors influence the use of information and communication technology (ICT). This study is aimed at investigating the factors influencing the use of ICTs in Nigerian real estate practices. Lagos state, the area of study, was delineated according to a central business district locational pattern to ascertain where the firms of real estate were grouped. Out of the 172 questionnaires that were conveniently administered to real estate firms within the study location, only 143 (83.14%) were retrieved and considered valid for the analysis. The collected data was then analysed using a factor analytical test. Findings revealed that technological infrastructure, service delivery efficiency enhancement, and productivity branding influenced the deployment of ICTs in Lagos’ real estate industry. It was recommended that practitioners and real estate firms need to adopt emerging concepts and technological advancement in their quest for survival both locally and internationally. This will enhance their competitiveness and ensure that better value is provided.