Hasil untuk "Modern history, 1453-"

Amrita Biswas, Johanna Laub

This article studies the politics of Frankfurt’s reconstruction, focusing on TimeRide, a company that offers virtual reality historical tours, and its relation to the city’s Neue Altstadt (New Old Town). By anchoring our study of TimeRide into the controversial urbanist reconstruction of the Neue Altstadt of Frankfurt, we adopt a site-specific and relational approach in our analysis of imaginaries of time travel. Both TimeRide and the New Old Town propose to travel into the past — back to a highly curated version of Frankfurt in the nineteenth century. Analysing how the production of cultural heritage in both the virtual and urban reconstruction project is intertwined with consumerism and travel, we address the state-corporate nexus in conceptualizing an exclusionary form of national identity. Delineating how the objects of study resonate with visual spectacles and cultural practices of the nineteenth century, especially in their promotion of mobility and immersion, we analyse contemporary investments into the (re)creation of Frankfurt’s history and foreground its epistemological and affective politics. We argue that these state-corporate investments into representing Frankfurt’s heritage aim to foster local and national sentiments of pride by activating a historical past which enables the reaffirmation of a selective identity of the present.

João Paulo Avelãs Nunes

Visa-se neste ensaio biográfico antes de mais propor uma síntese acerca do papel desempenhado pelo hoje Coronel Vasco Lourenço e por diversos outros líderes do MFA no conjunto de processos de transformação política e social global ocorridos em Portugal – e nos territórios não autónomos até então tutelados por Lisboa – de 1973 (nas vésperas do que veio a ser o Golpe Militar/a Revolução do 25 de Abril de 1974) a 1986, ano de integração de Portugal na CEE. Procura-se, ainda, analisar tanto as escolhas que Vasco Lourenço e muitos dos seus camaradas do MFA procuraram concretizar como as opções que foram recusando. Explicita-se alguma informação acerca do percurso pessoal, profissional e cívico de Vasco Lourenço de forma a contextualizar o seu envolvimento no processo que, em 1973, levou à criação do Movimento dos Capitães e, depois, à concretização do Golpe de Estado de 25 de Abril de 1974. Analisam-se as principais correntes político-ideológicas que se foram estruturando no seio do Movimento das Forças Armas e os corelacionamentos estabelecidos com outros protagonistas do processo revolucionário português (forças políticas e sindicais, Igreja e “acção católica”, Movimentos de Libertação de territórios não autónomos e representações diplomáticas). Identificam‑se as implicações das opções feitas por Vasco Lourenço e por outros membros do Grupo dos Nove.

Juan M. Carretero Zamora

Desde el fallecimiento de Fernando el Católico (enero de 1516) hasta el viaje de Carlos I hacia España en septiembre de 1517 el cardenal Cisneros recibió varios informes sobre la situación de la corte de Bruselas y la personalidad del joven monarca Carlos I. Los informes confidenciales (algunos de ellos ilegibles al estar encriptados) fueron redactados por Diego López de Ayala y por el entorno del obispo Alonso Manrique de Lara. El contenido de estos informes es de gran interés para el conocimiento de la corte que en Bruselas rodeaba a Carlos I. El monarca aparece como un joven sometido a la influencia de sus consejeros de Flandes y los españoles residentes en Bruselas (Chièvres, Sauvage, Mota, etc.), educado exclusivamente en la cultura de Borgoña y que sólo se expresaba en lengua francesa. Este aspecto lingüístico constituyó un problema político en la educación de Carlos I, como ya había sido advertido en las relaciones de Fernando el Católico con el emperador Maximiliano I (1507-1515). Este problema lingüístico también afectó a las relaciones financieras entre los tesoreros españoles y los argentiers de Flandes.

Bernat Francesch Itxart

Ressenya com a treball de final de curs (2024-2025) de l'assignatura de màster Europa oriental i Euràsia (Intel·ligència, expansió i control, 1798-2025) del Departament d'Història Moderna i Contemporània, UAB

Lorenzo Vespoli

L’interesse di Poliziano per Macrobio è ampiamente rintracciabile nella sua produzione relativa all’esegesi dei classici. Nelle postille inedite che Poliziano ha vergato a commento dell’Eneide, tramandate dall’incunabolo Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Rés. G. Yc. 236 (ISTC iv00151400), il confronto con i Saturnalia di Macrobio risulta condotto in modo sistematico. Con il mio articolo mi propongo di fornire alcuni esempi relativi alla lettura dei Saturnalia da parte di Poliziano per mettere in luce la tecnica imitativa di Virgilio.

Giulio Talini

The aim of this article is to explore the intellectual and political trajectory of the Dominguan planter, scientist, and agronomist Jean Barré de Saint-Venant (1737-1810). As a member of the Circle of the Philadelphes and of the Chamber of Agriculture of Le Cap Français, between the end of the Old Regime and the Napoleonic period, Barré de Saint-Venant outlined through his memoires and printed works a creole path to agricultural, economic, and institutional progress in the plantation society of Saint-Domingue. By blending philosophy, racial theory, colonial history, scientific experiments, and empirical knowledge, his reflection and action within the central and peripheral imperial administration demonstrate the active participation of Barré de Saint-Venant and other Dominguan colonists in the pursuit of a so-called «colonisation nouvelle», based on expertise in the service of the legislator, on technological and governmental modernisation, on the promotion of an enlightened public sphere, and on the exploitation of the enslaved African. On the other hand, Barré de Saint-Venant’s ideas and reform projects invite us to reflect further on the notion of «Caribbean Enlightenment».

My Hellsing, Johanna Vernqvist

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Moisés Guzmán Pérez

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Jacopo Bassi

Susana Sueiro Seoane

Este texto analiza las fuertes discrepancias que hubo en el anarquismo del siglo XIX a propósito del tema independentista cubano. En un principio, la tesis más extendida fue que la liberación de Cuba del dominio español no garantizaba a la isla su libertad, que los anarquistas entendían como una emancipación económica y social y no política. La lucha por la instauración de una república, pensaban, no era su lucha. Sin embargo, el mensaje de Martí caló entre muchos obreros cubanos, incluidos los anarquistas, y en las páginas de los periódicos libertarios, tanto de Cuba como de España o Estados Unidos, se discutió mucho sobre si los anarquistas debían o no apoyar la causa independentista. Personajes centrales en esta polémica fueron los impresores Enrique Roig, Enrique Creci y Pedro Esteve, que utilizaron los periódicos que editaron para reflexionar sobre el tema de la patria, el patriotismo y el independentismo. Finalmente, ganó en el seno del anarquismo cubano la causa de la independencia. Incluso Esteve, el más reticente, acabó aceptando que había que apoyar la guerra por la independencia cubana siempre que el objetivo último siguiera siendo la revolución anarquista.   This text analyses the strong discrepancies that arose in XIXth Century anarchism regarding Cuban independence. At first, the anarchist theory was that the liberation of Cuba from Spanish rule did not guarantee the Island its freedom, which the anarchists understood as being an economic and social emancipation but not a political one. The fight for the establishment of a republic, they thought, was not their fight. However, Martí’s message made an impression amongst many Cuban workers, including the anarchists, and in the pages of the libertarian newspapers, both Cuban and Spanish or North American, there was much debate on whether or not the anarchists should support the cause of independence. Key figures in this controversy were the printers Enrique Roig, Enrique Creci and Pedro Esteve, who used the periodicals they published to deliberate on the themes of homeland, patriotism and independence. Finally, at the heart of Cuban anarchism it was the struggle for independence that prevailed. Even Esteve, the most reluctant, ended up accepting that it was necessary to support the Cuban war of independence as long as the final objective continued to be anarchist revolution.

Roger Chartier

The essay is devoted to an analysis of the contributions gathered in this issue of JEMS. It begins with the scarcity (or total absence) of literary archives and autograph manuscripts for the English playwrights of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (and among them Shakespeare). Such a diagnosis leads to stress the conditions ruling the composition and publication of plays: collaborative writing, reuse of the same stories and commonplaces, use of the author’s name as a commodity, publication based on memorial reconstruction, prompt books, or corrupted copies, etc. The consequences of these practices (so different from the romantic textual ideology of the author’s singularity, originality and propriety) are discussed in relation with the criticism of the traditional criteria of attribution studies and the operations necessary for writing the literary biography of an author without (literary) archives and (quite) any autograph remains (whence the discussion about Shakespeare’s signatures, his holograph – or not – will, and his hand in the manuscript of Sir Thomas More). Two perspectives could enrich these issues: on the one hand, a literary geography of Shakespeare’s works mapping the publication and circulation of the performances, editions, and later translations of his plays; on the other hand, comparative approaches locating the specificity (or not) of English drama and Shakespeare’s plays within the European context of Spanish comedias and Italian commedia dell’arte.

Dino Franco Felluga

The article seeks to serve as ‘event’ in the sense understood by Alain Badiou: working together, in a way that breaks with the current order of knowledge production, towards a shared vision of scholarly and public access to our cultural heritage. Discussing a digital project that does not yet exist, The COVE or The Central Online Victorian Educator, the article imagines the possibilities for such a project and calls on readers of 19 to join in the creation of this online, collective venture. 

Joan Emili Roig Matoses

La llegenda negra dels Borja va començar a Itàlia i la van començar els italians en el segle XV. Començada a forjar per cronistes, informadors, cardenals… i contràriament al que es podria pensar, aquesta no va començar després de la mort del segon papa Borja Alexandre VI, sinó durant el seu cardenalat, el seu pontificat i com no, després de la seua mort i continuant els segles posteriors amb acusacions falses com la simonia, el incest, els assassinats… The black legend of Borgia’s family began in Italy and Italians began in the fifteenth century. Created by reporters, cardinals... and contrary to what you might think, not this black legend began after the death of the second Pope Alexander VI Borja but the cardinal time, and of his pontificate, after his death and continue over the following centuries with false accusations as simony, the incest, murder…

Eladio Sánchez Ocón

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Judith McDonnell, Cileine de Lourenço, Rex Nielson

Este artigo analisa o conceito de retorno ao  Brasil articulado por um pequeno grupo   de brasileiras que moram na região de Boston, Massachusetts.  O tempo de moradia de cada uma das mulheres  entrevistadas varia consideravelmente. Todas nos comentaram se tinham planos de  voltar ao Brasil. Neste artigo nós examinamos a relação entre o conceito de  saudade, a experiência de ser transnacional e o desejo de retornar ao Brasil.  Nossa investigação se baseia em três categorias de expectativas das mulheres  que encontramos nos seus comentários sobre “saudade”. Os as três categorias são  de: um grupo de mulheres  que planejam  permanecer no Estado Unidos; um em que elas pretendem ficar nos Estados Unidos  temporariamente e outro em que as mulheres não tinham certeza se iriam voltar  ou ficar nos Estados Unidos. Usamos fragmentos das narrativas das mulheres para  ilustrar a relação entre a ideia de voltar para o Brasil, saudade e ser  transnacional. Palavras-Chave: Imigrante brasileira. Retorno  ao Brasil. Saudade. Transnacional.   Abstract This article explores the  concept of returning to Brazil articulated by a small group of Brazilian women  living in Boston, MA, area. The time each of the women spent in the United  States varies considerably.  In the  interviews they talked about whether they had plans to return to Brazil, and,  in this paper, we examine the relationship between their conception of saudade, their transnational experience  and their desire to return to their homeland. We look specifically at three  subsets of women: women who planned to stay in the U.S. permanently; women who  said their stay in the U.S. was temporary; and women who were unsure of whether  they would stay or leave.  This article  uses excerpts from the women’s stories to illustrate the relationship between  the idea of returning to Brazil, the idea of saudade and the transnational status. Keywords: Brazilian  immigrant women. Return to Brazil. Saudade. Transnational.

Mas Galvañ, Cayetano

En este trabajo se analizan las variantes de un segundo manuscrito (ms. B) de la obra del filósofo ilustrado Ramón Campos, De la desigualdad personal en la sociedad civil, localizado por el autor en 2005. Dichas variantes se comparan con un manuscrito anterior de dicha obra, redactada en 1799, así como con las posteriores ediciones impresas, que no aparecieron hasta 1823.

Teodoro MARTÍN MARTÍN

<p>Realizando una labor de investigación en la Biblioteca del Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo del Escorial me encontré con un códice encuadernado en pergamino que, con el título en el lomo de «Allegatio iuris», encerraba un documento de enorme interés.</p><p>El mismo lleva por título: «Los Cuatro Colegios Mayores de la Universidad de Salamanca, obedientes al nuevo orden que el Consejo han dado en la provisión de las Cátedras, y para su más suave ejecución, suplican a V. Magestad vea estos apuntamientos».</p><p>Se trata, pues, de una alegación que los Colegios Mayores de Salamanca elevan al Rey Felipe IV tras la reforma de las oposiciones a cátedra llevada a cabo en su reinado. La referida alegación me va a servir para abordar el estudio de dos temas: uno conceptual, en torno al significado y «reducción» del concepto de apuntamiento; el otro de política educativa, al referirme a la citada reforma del siglo XVII.</p><p>Estos son, pues, los aspectos que voy analizar: de un lado, la evolución del concepto.de apuntamiento como vocablo histórico; de otro, la reforma educativa del Conde Duque y el porqué de su «fracaso».</p>

Pedro Carlos González Cuevas

Las ideologías políticas no pueden considerarse como cuerpos cerrados o estáticos de conocimiento, porque van evolucionando en las coyunturas y con el surgimiento de nuevas problemáticas a las que deben ir dando respuestas adecuadas, lo cual explica su pervivencia histórica y su capacidad de adaptación a las nuevas relaciones que el desarrollo social impone.

Samia Benaissa Pedriza

The print media crisis has worsened in the last five years. Added to the decline in newspaper sales is the growing loss of influence on an new audience hyperconnected and overinformed. The analysis carried out shows that the causes of the crisis are complex. The Internet´s free culture, the fragmentation of audiences, the competition of other operators (digital press, news aggregators, social networks) or the print media crisis of contents itself are factors to take into consideration. The transition to a new model of quality written press, published less frequently, which includes alternative contents and information rigorously fact-checked should start sooner than later. The convergence between print and digital media will also guarantee the survival of a sector that must strive to recover its identity and reinforce its credibility in an information environment saturated by misinformation and the presence of fake news.