Hasil untuk "Land use"

Jiyuan Liu, W. Kuang, Zengxiang Zhang et al.

Yang Bai, Christina P. Wong, B. Jiang et al.

Ecosystems services (ES) assessment is a significant scientific topic recognized for its potential to address sustainability issues. However, there is an absence of science–policy frameworks in land use planning that lead to the ES science being used in policy. China’s Ecological Redline Policy (ERP) is one of the first national policies utilizing multiple ES, but there is no standardized approach for working across the science–policy interface. We propose a transdisciplinary framework to determine ecological redline areas (ERAs) in Shanghai using: ES, biodiversity and ecologically fragile hotspots, landscape structure, and stakeholder opinions. We determine the five criteria to identify ERAs for Shanghai using multi-temporal, high resolution images (0.5 m) and biophysical models. We examine ERP effectiveness by comparing land use scenarios for 2040. Compared to alternative land uses, ES increase significantly under the ERP. The inclusion of ES in spatial planning led stakeholders to increase terrestrial habitat protection by 174% in Shanghai. Our analysis suggests that strategic planning for ES could reduce tradeoffs between environmental quality and development. Ecosystem services, though a prominent ecological concept, have yet to be considered in major land use policy changes. Here, the authors demonstrate how the Ecological Redline Policy implemented in Shanghai utilized ecosystem services science and stakeholder engagement.

T. Searchinger, Stefan Wirsenius, T. Beringer et al.

Liping Chen, Sun Yujun, S. Saeed

Land use and land cover change research has been applied to landslides, erosion, land planning and global change. Based on the CA-Markov model, this study predicts the spatial patterns of land use in 2025 and 2036 based on the dynamic changes in land use patterns using remote sensing and geographic information system. CA-Markov integrates the advantages of cellular automata and Markov chain analysis to predict future land use trends based on studies of land use changes in the past. Based on Landsat 5 TM images from 1992 and 2003 and Landsat 8 OLI images from 2014, this study obtained a land use classification map for each year. Then, the genetic transition probability from 1992 to 2003 was obtained by IDRISI software. Based on the CA-Markov model, a predicted land use map for 2014 was obtained, and it was validated by the actual land use results of 2014 with a Kappa index of 0.8128. Finally, the land use patterns of 2025 and 2036 in Jiangle County were determined. This study can provide suggestions and a basis for urban development planning in Jiangle County.

H. Long, Y. Qu

G. Jin, Kunlun Chen, Peixue Wang et al.

Abstract Using the Computable General Equilibrium of Land Use Change (CGELUC) and Dynamics of Land System (DLS) models, we simulated land-use structures and patterns in Shandong Province in 2025 under three scenarios: baseline, resource consumption, and green development. Compared with the situation in 2015, a slight decrease in grassland, cultivated, and unused land was evident under the green development scenario. Forest land cover remained basically unchanged, whereas water bodies and construction land increased slightly. Under the baseline and resource consumption scenarios, all of the above land-use types showed a decreasing trend apart from construction land, which rapidly increased. Changes in the land-use allocation pattern demonstrated overall consistency and local differences under these scenarios. Among them, most changes in construction and cultivated land occurred around cities, with changes in forests and grassland mainly distributed in the central and northeastern regions. Changes in water bodies and unused land mainly occurred in the northern Yellow River basin and in northeastern coastal areas. Local differences were evident under the green development scenario, with conversion of a small amount of cultivated land in the central region into forests and grassland, and transformation of a small area of cultivated land in the northeastern coastal area into water bodies. The study's findings provide a scientific projection of competitive land-use relations in Shandong Province over the next decade under different land expropriation price and regulation scenarios, which can guide policy formulation and the selection of pathways for achieving sustainable regional development.

Xiangdong Xu, Lin Chen, Hewei Meng et al.

To explore the vibration transmission characteristics of jujube mechanical harvesting, and optimize the relationship between vibration input and dynamic response of jujube branches, the vibration characteristics simulation and layered vibration test of jujube branches were carried out. The jujube branch model was established by means of three-dimensional scanning and reverse reconstruction. The natural frequency and suitable vibration parameter range of the jujube branch model were obtained by simulation. Finally, the stratified vibration field experiment of jujube branch was carried out. The results show that there are multi-order natural frequencies of jujube branch in the range of 0–30 Hz. The typical vibration modes include the overall deformation of jujube branch, the deformation of unilateral branch and the deformation of the end of twigs. The resonance frequencies of the measuring points on different branches are mostly close, but the frequencies of the maximum peaks on different paths are different, which is often related to the branch path. The optimal working parameter combination under layered vibration is: the lower layer excitation frequency and amplitude are 5.80 Hz and 7.00 mm, the upper layer excitation frequency and amplitude are 15.60 Hz and 8.50 mm. Under this parameter combination, the acceleration of the measuring point on the fine branch is closest to the separation acceleration. Under this parameter combination, the average harvest rate is 88.74 %. The research can provide reference for the development of forest fruit vibration harvesting machinery.

E. Stehfest, Willem-Jan van Zeist, H. Valin et al.

Land use is at the core of various sustainable development goals. Long-term climate foresight studies have structured their recent analyses around five socio-economic pathways (SSPs), with consistent storylines of future macroeconomic and societal developments; however, model quantification of these scenarios shows substantial heterogeneity in land-use projections. Here we build on a recently developed sensitivity approach to identify how future land use depends on six distinct socio-economic drivers (population, wealth, consumption preferences, agricultural productivity, land-use regulation, and trade) and their interactions. Spread across models arises mostly from diverging sensitivities to long-term drivers and from various representations of land-use regulation and trade, calling for reconciliation efforts and more empirical research. Most influential determinants for future cropland and pasture extent are population and agricultural efficiency. Furthermore, land-use regulation and consumption changes can play a key role in reducing both land use and food-security risks, and need to be central elements in sustainable development strategies. There lacks model comparison of global land use change projections. Here the authors explored how different long-term drivers determine land use and food availability projections and they showed that the key determinants population growth and improvements in agricultural efficiency.

S. Bargali, Kirtika Padalia, K. Bargali

This study evaluated the impact of predominant land uses on the physico‐chemical and biological properties of soils along an altitudinal gradient in Indian Central Himalaya to enhance the scientific knowledge and identify suitable land use pattern. Soil samples were collected from six predominant agricultural land uses including (a) open cropland, (b) cropland with multiple tree species (C + mT), (c) cropland with single tree species, (d) crop near rhizosphere of trees, (e) home gardens (HGs), and (f) agriculturally discarded land (ADL). The physico‐chemical properties showed the significant differences with land use systems and altitude. Soil texture varied from sandy loam to clayey loam with altitude. The minimum bulk density and higher porosity were recorded for the HG system whereas water holding capacity, moisture, pH, C, oil carbon stock, N, soil nitrogen stock, and P in the C + mT system. Soil microbial biomass carbon (16–397 μg g−1) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (28–68 μg g−1) were significantly higher in C + mT and lowest under open cropland. The highest microbial biomass was recorded in the lower altitudinal region of Tarai, and the lowest was recorded in the higher altitudinal region. Across the seasons, soil microbial biomass was maximum during the rainy season and minimum during the winter season. Interestingly, ADL also showed significant contribution in soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen and could be used for crop production in the future. This study concludes that good soil health, higher amount of microbial biomass, and better soil qualities occurred in tree planted soils than in open crop lands, mainly attributed to the greater availability of organic matter, litter diversity, and fine roots.

J. A. Aznar-Sánchez, M. Piquer-Rodríguez, J. F. Velasco-Muñoz et al.

Abstract Currently, 42% of the world's population depends on agriculture for its livelihood, and agriculture drives the economy of most developing countries. Therefore, human life on our planet depends on its sustainability. Research on sustainable land use in agriculture has been gaining increasing relevance since the term ‘sustainable development’ was coined with the Brundtland Report in 1987. The objective of this study is to analyse the evolution of this line of research worldwide to date. A bibliometric analysis of the existing articles from the period 1988–2017 was conducted. The results show that this topic has been gaining relevance in land use studies. Extensive cooperative networks and a high level of international collaboration exist between the different agents involved in land use studies. The analysis of key words has shown four main research lines of inquiry: agronomy, which focuses on soil processes and the study of different crops; sustainable water management for irrigation; the analysis of changes in land use, especially as related to the increase in population, the need for supplies, and the expansion of urban land; and sustainable development in new forms of agrarian management, such as organic farming, permaculture, and multifunctional systems. The regions serving as the object of these studies are mainly the Americas, Asia, Oceania, and Western Europe. This highlights a research gap in regions such as Russia, the Middle East, and Africa. Future research should examine the development of circular economic systems in agricultural activity, perceptions and preferences of stakeholders, inclusion of the sustainability objective in planning urban spaces, improvement in irrigation water use efficiency, use of nonconventional water sources in agriculture, and development of management practises and crops that can adapt to the impact of climate change.

P. Verburg, P. Alexander, T. Evans et al.

Land use models play an important role in exploring future land change dynamics and are instrumental to support the integration of knowledge in land system science. However, only modest progress has been made in achieving these aims due to insufficient model evaluation and limited representation of the underlying socio-ecological processes. We discuss how land use models can better represent multi-scalar dynamics, human agency and demand-supply relations, and how we can achieve learning from model evaluation. By addressing these issues we outline pathways towards a new generation of land use models that allow not only the assessment of future land cover pattern changes, but also stimulate envisioning future land use by society to support debate on sustainability solutions and help design alternative solutions.

Silvia Andrés González-Moralejo

Abstract This study analyzes the changes that have occurred in food logistics in the three years since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the one year since the war in Ukraine commenced. Food logistics companies are highly sensitive to demand shocks, energy prices, and staff availability. In this study, “first-hand” information was collected in the Iberian Peninsula, and it showed a process of Schumpeterian transformation. This crisis environment in which food logistics companies have been operating has opened a unique opportunity to renew operating procedures and seek new solutions, products, and markets. Therefore, food logistics companies have developed more effective communication strategies and innovative, profitable, and forward-looking commercial strategies to adapt to the new needs of their clients, applied more efficient transport planning and management methods, implemented new technologies to increase automation and digitization in warehouses, transport platforms, and trucks, and boosted market concentration and investment in infrastructure. Therefore, public authorities and top executives must focus on promoting and facilitating these improvements.

Yingying Xu, Qiying Yu, Chengshuai Liu et al.

Study region: Typical basin in humid areas in the Huaihe River Study focus: Accurate flood forecasting is essential for making timely decisions regarding flood control and disaster reduction. The theory of watershed runoff generation and convergence serves as a crucial foundation for flood forecasting, while the calculation of runoff is necessary to simulate flood discharge. Identifying watershed runoff generation mechanisms has been a challenging task, particularly under complex underlying surface conditions. To improve the accuracy of flood simulation, this study examines the underlying surface information in the watershed, such as particle composition and content, soil bulk density, geological slope, land use, and other spatial attributes, aiming to analyze the mechanisms of runoff generation. In the study of sub-watersheds, various combinations of runoff generation mechanisms are identified to determine the patterns of runoff. Subsequently, a semi-distributed hydrological model is developed, which incorporates both saturation-excess and infiltration-excess runoff, utilizing the information obtained from the underlying surface. The model is validated using rainfall-runoff data from 14 events at the Xiagushan watershed. New hydrological insights for the region: The analysis of the fundamental physical conditions of the underlying surface of the watershed revealed that 69.70% of the area is prone to saturation-excess runoff, with an additional 30.30% of the area being susceptible to infiltration-excess runoff. The model considers the spatial distribution of runoff patterns by incorporating complex underlying surface information and demonstrates high accuracy in simulating flood events (NSE= 0.87, Epeak = 12.08%, Wpeak = 13.16%, Tpeak = 0.14 h, R2 = 0.90). The model is straightforward, practical, and exhibits promising potential in terms of timeliness and applicability, thus lending itself well to further application in other watersheds, contributing to the scientific foundation of flood warning and forecasting efforts.

Hasnan Baber, Muneer Shaik, Himani Gupta

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on India’s economy. The analysis focused on several economic metrics, including stock market prices, the rupee’s value in relation to the US dollar, economic activity, the unemployment rate, and the rate of inflation. Contrary to popular belief, the results demonstrate that during the first wave (25 March 2020 to 16 September 2020), the increasing number of cases had a beneficial influence on economic activity and a negative impact on the unemployment rate. The second wave, which lasted from 15 March 2021 to 17 July 2021, was considerably stronger and demonstrated how confirmed instances had a significant detrimental impact on inflation rates and stock values. Contrary to expectations, the third wave (December 28, 2021, to January 30, 2022) was found to be less intense. Overall, the report shows how the pandemic affected India’s economy during each of the three waves and notes that there have been encouraging signs of recovery during the return to normalcy phase. The government, scholars, policymakers, and economists will find this study useful in understanding how the COVID-19 Pandemic affected the Indian economy and in coming up with ideas for future risk mitigation measures. First published online 26 August 2024

Chuan Shen, Xia Li, Jianfeng Qin

Abstract Intercropping systems have garnered attention as a sustainable agricultural approach for efficient land use, increased ecological diversity in farmland, and enhanced crop yields. This study examined the effect of intercropping on the kiwifruit rhizosphere to gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between cover plants and kiwifruit in this sustainable agricultural system. Soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities were analyzed using the Kiwifruit-Agaricus blazei intercropping System. Moreover, a combined analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomic sequencing was used to identify differential microbes and metabolites in the rhizosphere. Intercropping led to an increase in soil physicochemical and enzyme activity, as well as re-shaping the bacterial community and increasing microbial diversity. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Myxococcota, and Patescibacteria were the most abundant and diverse phyla in the intercropping system. Expression analysis further revealed that the bacterial genera BIrii41, Acidibacter, and Altererythrobacter were significantly upregulated in the intercropping system. Moreover, 358 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between the monocropping and intercropping cultivation patterns, with fatty acyls, carboxylic acids and derivatives, and organooxygen compounds being significantly upregulated in the intercropping system. The KEGG metabolic pathways further revealed considerable enrichment of DMs in ABC transporters, histidine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. This study identified a significant correlation between 95 bacterial genera and 79 soil metabolites, and an interactive network was constructed to explore the relationships between these differential microbes and metabolites in the rhizosphere. This study demonstrated that Kiwifruit-Agaricus blazei intercropping can be an effective, labor-saving, economic, and sustainable practice for reshaping bacterial communities and promoting the accumulation and metabolism of beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere.

Zekun Li, Zixuan Han, Jing Xin et al.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD), the integration of transport system with land use, has gained considerate priorities in planning strategies towards urban sustainability. To accrue a better overall leverage of the benefits arising from TOD practice, it is necessary to explore the variations and typology among TODs. This paper extends the classic ‘node (transport) – place (land use)’ model by incorporating the oriented characteristics that represent the morphological and functional ties between transport and land use. The model is applied to the case of Shanghai, China. Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is used to construct the indicators system of each dimension (node, tie and place) in the model and typology among TODs is divided by SOM (self-organizing map). We find that the TOD index value declines from the urban center to the outskirts of the city obviously. Four typologies are identified among TODs, including the Integrated (all high node, tie and place index value), the Functionally place-developed (low node index value and high tie and place index value), the Morphologically node-developed (high node index value and low tie and place index value) and the Dispersed (all low node, tie and place index value). Based on the evaluation, we put forward an optimization plan for the areas with low TOD index values, which are consistent with the planned lines under construction. All the methods demonstrated in this study are easy to perform and can be widely applied to the assessment of TOD typologies worldwide. This study produces some generalized knowledge that are useful for implementing TOD practice within land use planning.

Chunbo Huang, Xin Huang, C. Peng et al.

Abstract Development and protection are both vital human demands in ecologically vulnerable areas. An estimation of the land use/cover changes and their ecological responses could help to understand the regional ecosystem dynamics under various human demands and provide the scientific basis for managing and regulating ecosystems. In this paper, we analysed the spatial-temporal variations in land use/cover types and systematically quantified the relationships between these changes and environmental variables in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Our results revealed that forestland coverage increased linearly to 53.48%, and that of construction land increased exponentially from 0.25% to 2.75% during 1990–2015. The land use/cover changes exhibited two distinct transformation phases: before and after impoundment. The mutual transformations among vegetation types were significant before 2000, while the forest, water and construction land coverages increased continuously by occupying cropland after 2000. The land use/cover changes were significantly correlated with environmental variables and were sensitive to three topographic variables namely, elevation, surface-height-fluctuation and slope. The vegetation dynamics were easily affected by the complex and rugged topography. Moreover, the responses of land use/cover changes varied among topographic variables. The two parameters estimated in the multiple linear regression, elevation and slope, were −0.164 and −0.268 for forestland change, −0.391 and 0.378 for water area change, and −0.068 and −0.061 for construction land change. Forest cover was so larger in the regions of higher elevation and steeper slope that afforestation occurred in the regions of moderate elevation and slope. Urbanization and impoundment mainly occurred in the regions of lower elevation, and the regions of steeper slope were more easily submerged, while urbanization mainly occurred in the regions of gentler slope. Therefore, the land use/cover changes due to ecological protection and economic development responded to the interactions among environmental variables and was targeted to different regions to reconcile the land use conflicts, providing a reference for ecosystem management in ecologically vulnerable areas.

Yanbo Qu, G. Jiang, Zitong Li et al.

The changes in cultivated land and rural residential land and their interrelation are the most direct manifestation of land use transition in rural areas, which is an important basis to carry out rural land consolidation scientifically. This study constructs a conceptual model of rural land use transition and analyses the process characteristics and coupling relationship of land use transition between cultivated land and rural residential land in China in four periods from 1996 to 2016. Then, it puts forward response strategies for regional rural land consolidation. As the results show, an inverse trend between cultivated land and rural residential land, together with a certain degree of volatility demonstrated an inadequate transition in rural land use system. The types of cultivated land and rural residential land transition changed from single dominant to multiple equilibrium, but the main type of rural land use system in different stages was synchronous R negative linking. The spatial pattern of cultivated land and rural residential land transition is obviously unbalanced. The transition of rural land use system in the southeastern part of Hu Huanyong Line is active, where no transition model and process transition model play a dominant role. This area can be considered as priority for rural land consolidation in the future. Rural land consolidation should conform to the rules of land use transition, establish a multi-objective oriented regional differentiation strategy system, and promote the coordinated evolution of rural land use system.

Xinhua Zhu, Yan Li, Peifeng Zhang et al.

Abstract This study aims to measure the comprehensive, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of urban land use of China’s 35 mega cities from 2008 to 2015 and reveal their temporal and spatial characteristics of urban land use efficiency (ULUE) using a super efficiency slack-based measure (SBM) model. Results show that 1) the ULUE level of China’s 35 mega cities is relatively low, and the pure technical efficiency is a major influencing factor of the comprehensive efficiency. 2) From a temporal perspective, the comprehensive, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of the 35 mega cities all show a trend of slow growth; the average annual growth rates of these efficiencies are 1.07%, 0.24%, and 1.16%. 3) From a spatial perspective, the ULUE levels are quite different and show certain regional patterns. 4) The distribution of scale efficiency of urban land use in China is becoming increasingly dispersed from 2008 to 2015, whereas the distribution of pure technical efficiency is becoming increasingly concentrated in the same period. Estimations on pure technical and scale efficiencies are important to investigate the deep-rooted causes of land use inefficiency for filling an important knowledge gap in ULUE studies.