Hasil untuk "History (General) and history of Europe"

Adedamola Adetiba

Reda Rafei

This article offers a new perspective on children and youth’s coerced displacement in the context of the Ottoman Middle East and highlights their potential as a social group to inform studies of children, kinship, and family vis-a-vis the state. Using iltizām contracts, I argue that the Ottoman state prioritized its stability and economic interests and turned a blind eye to promises it made to ensure the “well-being” of young Ottoman subjects. The contracts recorded around the mid-eighteenth century document an institutionalized practice by the state to remove and incarcerate young and minor males associated with the families of multazims, or tax farmers, who generally hailed from the class of provincial notables, or a‘yān, to persuade the latter to render payment of taxes. Although multazims appeared to be indifferent to the fate of their castaway children, evidence suggests that multazims took advantage of geopolitical changes toward the last quarter of the eighteenth century to avoid the incarceration of their children, as the practice completely disappeared at that time. This article also attempts to approach the question of whether this forced displacement of children represents a form of mobility, in comparison to other forms of children’s mobility, like the devširme, and explores what this meant for the expansion, or retraction, of the state power and its governing policies.

Sylvain André

Johan Verberckmoes

Káposzta József

Eleonora A. Nemanova

One of the most promising aspects of research into the cult tradition of the Buryats is the study of the concepts of ‘cult’ and ‘sacred’. Goals. The paper aims to analyze the issue of applying the category of ‘sacred’ developed by European religious studies to the lexical material associated with the category of the sacred in the traditional culture of the Buryats on the basis of etymological and historical-genetic research. Results. Description of the scope of application of the concept of ‘sacred’ in Buryat culture, as well as semantic analysis are necessary to avoid inadequate interpretations and extrapolations while using respective lexemes. By virtue of their conservatism, ritual terms contain invaluable evidence of the cultural and historical perspectives, preserve the valuable information that allows us to reconstruct the ethnography of the past, its social structures, spiritual culture, including the cult tradition.

Kateryna Klymova

(Тюрменко І., Рогожа М., Божук Л., Курченко Т., Халецька Л. Соціально-етичні основи збереження цифрової історико-культурної спадщини в Україні. Київ: Талком, 2017. 172 с.)

Aleksandar Raković

The paper presents the organization and activities of Yugoslav naturists, as well as their intention to play a social role in the field of physical and health culture, environmental protection, tourist propaganda, public defense and social self-protection in the socialist society from 1972 to 1991. Despite their ambitions, Yugoslav naturist societies, did not form an important social group or cultural movement.

Consejo Editorial

Rabith Jihan Amaruli

This article discusses the Gusjigang, cultural values of Kudus people through the understanding figure of Sunan Kudus, the founder of the city. The acronym of Gusjigang is derived from Javanese language, Gus-Ji-Gang, means Bagus (good, capable, or something related to goodness), Ngaji (learning the Qur’an or learn about anything in life), and Dagang (commerce, trade, or everything related to the spirit of business and entrepreneurship). Based on the oral tradition of Kudus people, “already” believed that Gusjigang could not be separated from the figure of Sunan Kudus and the history of the city.

Cícero Joaquim dos Santos

Este artigo analisa a tradição oral dos milagres da Santa Cruz da Rufina, localizada na zona rural do município de Porteiras, no Cariri cearense. Segundo os fiéis mais idosos, esse objeto de devoção foi erguido em memória da jovem Rufina que, entre os fins do século XIX e o início do século XX, fora violentada e assassinada num matagal, vítima de uma trama amorosa. Como resultado do martírio sofrido e, levando em consideração a ausência dos ritos fúnebres outrora considerados necessários para a bem-aventurança da alma, a Santa Cruz da Rufina tornou-se um objeto sagrado para os moradores das áreas circunvizinhas. A partir da metodologia da história oral, o trabalho problematiza a transmissão oral das graças alcançadas pelos narradores, atribuídas à intercessão da alma da Rufina, da Cruz que a representa e do espaço sagrado onde fora erguida.

Aritonović Ivana

In this work an emphasis of problems of (non)respecting human rights and freedoms of ethnical minorities in Kosovo and Metohia, primarily from descriptive and then critic points of view. Foundation for writing this work was a book written by Srđan Slović, Human Rights, CSCE/OSCE and Kosovo Crisis, in which the author theoretically analyzed the concept of human rights and freedoms, as well as difficulties related to respecting those rights within the mission of OSCE in Kosovo and Metohia. It turns out that, after twelve years of Mission's presence, there are still some flagrant violations of human rights and freedoms of ethnic minorities in the province, that are furthermore jeopardized by unilateral declaration of independence of the province and by work of international organizations, such as EULEX, ICO and KFOR that assist on a daily basis so-called Kosovo institutions in tendencies to integrate Serbs into institutional system they do not want to accept. Hence OSCE comes to scene as the only international organization with 'status neutral', to whose representatives Serbs in Kosovo can address and ask for help in cases when their rights are violated.

Kevin W. Wilkinson

<span style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium;">With Palladas redated to the time of Constantine, several of his borrowings from Latin or from Christian terminology can now be recognized as novel colloquialisms in the scoptic tradition.</span>

Alejandro PIZARROSO QUINTERO

<p>Después de establecer un breve marco conceptual sobre propaganda y propaganda de guerra, este artículo se ocupa de Napoleón como un verdadero genio de la propaganda. Traza un panorama de la prensa y la propaganda en España en el periodo de la Guerra de la Independencia, sin olvidar la prensa francesa como instrumento de la propaganda napoleónica para concluir con una mirada a cómo fue presentada la Guerra de la Independencia en la prensa francesa.</p>

Pascale Chevalier, Morana Čaušević-Bully, Mathias Dupuis et al.

Ernesto Porras Collantes

La salud pública es provincia del bienestar social, de la asistencia pública, que las modernas sociedades han integrado a la planificación urbana. Las condiciones físicas del sitio en que Tunja fue fundada, empero, entrabaron la planificación urbana colonial de la urbe y fueron óbice insalvable que conspiró contra su sanidad pública. En efecto, las necesidades tácticas de la guerra de conquista fueron causa determinante para que se fundara a Tunja en un sitio por demás inconveniente para una ciudad, como apropiado para un castro militar.

Jorge Martínez-pinna

Sin resumen

O. Moorman van Kappen

Fátima Vieira

In 1851, a Crystal Palace was built in Hyde Park, London, to host the first Great Exhibition. Fourteen years later, another Crystal Palace was built in Porto, Portugal, to host a similar world exhibition. In this paper the author tries to assess, based upon the research project which took place in Portuguese journals during the period between 1851 and 1865, the degree of similarities between the two crystal palaces, from an architectural conception as well as at the level of their ideological meaning.

Józef Ciągwa

Recenzja: Ján Holák, Beda odsúdeným. Ako sa za feudalizmu súdilo na Slovensku, Vydavateľstvo Osveta, Martin 1974.