Hasil untuk "Gynecology and obstetrics"

Ali Muhammad, Imtiaz Khan, Tianjun Li et al.

Driven by the growing agreement between the experimentally measured muon anomalous magnetic moment and its SM prediction, we reexamine phenomenological consequences of the MSSM, which is embedded in the supersymmetric $SU(4)_C \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ Pati-Salam model. In contrast to earlier studies that predominantly favored a specific sign for the Higgsino mass parameter, our analysis systematically explores both $μ> 0$, and $μ< 0$ scenarios in light of current collider, cosmological, and DM constraints. Within this framework, we identify viable parameter space regions where the observed DM relic density is reproduced through multiple mechanisms: co-annihilations involving sbottom-neutralino, gluino-neutralino, stop-neutralino, stau-neutralino, and chargino-neutralino coannihilation, as well as resonant s-annihilation channel via the pseudoscalar Higgs boson. We demonstrate that all such scenarios are consistent with present bounds from LHC supersymmetry searches, the Planck~2018 DM relic density bound, and current limits from DD DM searches. Our results reveal characteristic mass spectra associated with these mechanisms. In particular, sbottom-neutralino coannihilation typically requires sbottom masses near $2.8~\text{TeV}$, while gluino-neutralino and stop-neutralino coannihilation scenarios allow gluino masses in the range $1$--$3~\text{TeV}$ and stop masses between $1$ and $3.5~\text{TeV}$. In coannihilation-dominated regions, the stau and chargino masses may reach values as high as $3.8~\text{TeV}$, whereas viable $A$ resonance solutions are realized for pseudoscalar Higgs masses spanning approximately $1.6$--$3.8~\text{TeV}$. We anticipate that a portion of the parameter space will be accessible to supersymmetry searches in LHC Run-3 and future runs.

Truong-Thanh Le, Hoang-Loc La, Amir Taherkordi et al.

We present PM2Lat, a fast and generalized framework for accurately predicting the latency of deep neural network models on GPUs, with special focus on NVIDIA. Unlike prior methods that rely on deep learning models or handcrafted heuristics, PM2Lat leverages the Single-Instruction-Multiple-Thread architecture of GPUs to model execution time of DNN models. First, we dive into fine-grained GPU operation modeling by studying computational behavior and memory access patterns. After identifying these characteristics, we found that different GPU kernels exhibit significant performance disparities, even when serving the same purpose. Hence, the core idea of PM2Lat is to differentiate kernels based on their configurations and analyze them accordingly. This kernel-aware modeling enables PM2Lat to achieve consistently low prediction error across diverse data types and hardware platforms. In addition, PM2Lat generalizes beyond standard matrix multiplication to support complex GPU kernels such as Triton, Flash Attention, and Cutlass Attention. Experimental results show that PM2Lat consistently achieves error rates below 10% across different data types and hardware platforms on Transformer models, outperforming the state-of-the-art NeuSight by 10-20% for FP32 and by at least 50% for BF16. When applying to diverse kernels, the error rate is maintained at 3-8%.

Eimear Byrne, Giovanni Longobardi, and Rocco Trombetti

In this article, we study polymatroids that are representable by means of linear restricted rank-metric codes, namely, by subspaces of the space of alternating, symmetric, or Hermitian square matrices endowed with the rank metric. More precisely, we characterize the rank function defining these polymatroids and establish sufficient conditions on the relevant parameters under which it is fully determined. We show that there are several differences in compared to the behaviour of $q$-polymatroids of unrestricted matrix codes.

Yeshey Dorjey, Deep Kiran Chhetri

ABSTRACT Background Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus, with potential for significant morbidity across all population groups, including pregnant individuals and neonates. Pregnancy represents an immunologically vulnerable state, rendering affected mothers more susceptible to severe disease progression. Objective To provide obstetricians and maternal‐fetal medicine specialists with an updated synthesis of the clinical presentation, adverse outcomes, and evidence‐based management strategies for Mpox infection during pregnancy. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases‐Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, SAGE, Springer, and Google Scholar‐for peer‐reviewed studies addressing Mpox infection in pregnancy. Additionally, international guidelines and consensus statements were reviewed, including those from the World Health Organization (WHO), Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Society for Maternal‐Fetal Medicine (SMFM), and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Results Mpox infection during pregnancy is associated with a spectrum of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Pregnant individuals are at increased risk for disease exacerbation, necessitating hospitalization and intensive care. Documented perinatal complications include spontaneous miscarriage, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth, intrauterine fetal demise, congenital Mpox infection, low birth weight, and neurodevelopmental delays. Conclusion Pregnant individuals diagnosed with Mpox should be prioritized for hospital admission, isolation, antiviral therapy, and continuous monitoring of maternal and fetal well‐being. Multidisciplinary coordination is essential to mitigate risks and optimize outcomes.

Minyang Chen, Chenchen Feng, and Ran Cheng

As a cornerstone in the Evolutionary Computation (EC) domain, Differential Evolution (DE) is known for its simplicity and effectiveness in handling challenging black-box optimization problems. While the advantages of DE are well-recognized, achieving peak performance heavily depends on its hyperparameters such as the mutation factor, crossover probability, and the selection of specific DE strategies. Traditional approaches to this hyperparameter dilemma have leaned towards parameter tuning or adaptive mechanisms. However, identifying the optimal settings tailored for specific problems remains a persistent challenge. In response, we introduce MetaDE, an approach that evolves DE's intrinsic hyperparameters and strategies using DE itself at a meta-level. A pivotal aspect of MetaDE is a specialized parameterization technique, which endows it with the capability to dynamically modify DE's parameters and strategies throughout the evolutionary process. To augment computational efficiency, MetaDE incorporates a design that leverages parallel processing through a GPU-accelerated computing framework. Within such a framework, DE is not just a solver but also an optimizer for its own configurations, thus streamlining the process of hyperparameter optimization and problem-solving into a cohesive and automated workflow. Extensive evaluations on the CEC2022 benchmark suite demonstrate MetaDE's promising performance. Moreover, when applied to robot control via evolutionary reinforcement learning, MetaDE also demonstrates promising performance. The source code of MetaDE is publicly accessible at: https://github.com/EMI-Group/metade.

Muhiyadin Abdi Farah, Sahardiid Ali Abdilahi, Mohamed Omar Osman

Objective: Maintaining a balanced diet throughout pregnancy is difficult for many pregnant women, despite the fact that appropriate nutrition is crucial for the health of both the mother and child. A wide variety of foods is essential to meet the increased nutritional demands during this key period. To shed light on the factors influencing pregnant women's food choices, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of dietary practices and their determinants among pregnant women in Jigjiga, Somali Region, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to July 30, 2023. Pregnant women were selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-h recall covering 10 food groups. Data were entered into EpiData version 7 and analyzed with SPSS version 26. Binary and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with dietary diversity, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was set at P ​< ​0.05. Result: This study revealed that 178 (44.7%) pregnant women had good dietary diversity practices, and 220 (55.3%) had poor dietary diversity practices. High school diploma and above (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] ​= ​6.74, 95% CI ​= ​2.12, 21.37), monthly income of ≥3000 EB (AOR ​= ​2.46, 95% CI ​= ​1.17, 5.16), two or more visits during antenatal care (ANC) follow-up (AOR ​= ​15.29, 95% CI ​= ​6.26, 37.3), and food-secured households (AOR ​= ​2.893, 95% CI ​= ​1.58, 5.29) during pregnancy were factors positively associated with good dietary diversity practices among study areas. Conclusion: Poor dietary diversity was common among pregnant women in Jigjiga. Key determinants included low education, low income, limited ANC visits, and household food insecurity. Health providers should counsel pregnant women to improve meal frequency and dietary diversity during ANC visits.

Wei Song, Xiao Yang, Liu Yang et al.

Objective This study aimed to identify body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories from birth to 24 months of age and examine the independent and additive effects of four maternal metabolic risk factors, namely prepregnancy BMI, the rate of gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension, on offspring growth trajectories in childhood in China.Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted.Setting The study used Maternal and Child Health Management Database in Chengdu, China, including the mothers’ antenatal care data, birth certificate records and 0–3-year-old children’s healthcare data.Participants The study included mothers who gave birth between January 2014 and December 2014, and followed their offspring through 31 December 2016. The final analysis included 4492 mother-child pairs.Primary outcome measures The primary outcomes were children’s BMI measurements from birth to 24 months of age. We performed group-based trajectories modelling to identify children’s BMI growth trajectories. Then, we applied logistic regression to examine the associations between maternal metabolic risk factors and offspring BMI trajectories in childhood.Results Four distinct trajectories were identified: stable low (16.83%), stable average (40.69%), stable high (32.06%) and early increase (10.42%) trajectories. Relative to the stable average trajectory, maternal prepregnancy overweight (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.001, 95% CI 1.482–2.702, p&lt;0.001), an excessive rate of gestational weight gain (aOR=1.496, 95% CI 1.138–1.966, p=0.004) and GDM (aOR=1.470, 95% CI 1.097–1.970, p=0.010) were positively associated with their offspring being in the early increase trajectory. In addition, the children’s risk of being included in the early increase trajectory showed an increasing trend with an increasing number of adverse maternal metabolic risk factors.Conclusion Exposure to maternal prepregnancy overweight, excessive rate of weight gain and GDM resulted in a greater risk of offspring exhibiting an early increase trajectory for BMI. Decreasing maternal metabolic risk before and during pregnancy and monitoring childhood growth trajectories may prevent or delay the onset of childhood obesity.

Виталий Борисович Цхай, Павел Анатольевич Шестерня

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult Still's disease are currently considered as a single autoinflammatory disease with inherited polygenic pattern – Still's disease (SD). The emerge of joint clinical guidelines of the European Anti-Rheumatism League (European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology, EULAR) and Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (PreS) outlines a fundamental change in the existing doctrine, designed to eliminate the existing gap between the pediatric and adult services. These guidelines introduce the first consolidated opinion on the diagnosis and management of children and adults with SD. However, issues of reproduction with SD remain extremely poorly covered. Trying to clarify the link between BS and pregnancy, we researched publications indexed in PubMed and eLIBRARY databases for the period of 2010-2024 using the keywords “Still’s disease”, “juvenile idiopathic arthritis”, “pregnancy”, “obstetric complications” and “perinatal outcomes”.

Xue Yang, Zexuan Liu, Weiwei Tang et al.

Endometrial carcinoma (ECa) is the fourth most common cancer among women. The oncogene PELP1 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including ECa. We recently generated SMIP34, a small‐molecule inhibitor of PELP1 that suppresses PELP1 oncogenic signaling. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of SMIP34 in treating ECa. Treatment of established and primary patient‐derived ECa cells with SMIP34 resulted in a significant reduction of cell viability, colony formation ability, and induction of apoptosis. RNA‐seq analyses showed that SMIP34‐regulated genes were negatively correlated with ribosome biogenesis and eukaryotic translation pathways. Mechanistic studies showed that the Rix complex, which is essential for ribosomal biogenesis, is disrupted upon SMIP34 binding to PELP1. Biochemical assays confirmed that SMIP34 reduced ribosomal biogenesis and new protein synthesis. Further, SMIP34 enhanced the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in reducing viability of ECa cells. SMIP34 is also effective in reducing cell viability in ECa organoids in vitro and explants ex vivo. Importantly, SMIP34 treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the growth of ECa xenografts. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of SMIP34 in treating ECa.

Jie Liu, Danping Zeng, Zhihui Jiang et al.

Abstract Backgroud Intussusception is a common acute abdominal disease in children, often leading to acute ileus in infants and young children. Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting recurrent intussusception in children within 48 h after pneumatic reduction of primary intussusception. Methods Clinical data of children with acute intussusception admitted to multiple hospitals from March 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into a successful reductioncontrol group (control group) and a recurrent intussusception group (RI group) according to the results of pneumatic reduction. Results A total of 2406 cases were included in this study, including 2198 control group and 208 RI group. In the total sample, 1684 cases were trained and 722 cases were verified. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish a predictive model based on age, abdominal pain time, white blood cells count, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels as independent predictors of intussusception recurrence. The nomogram successfully predicted recurrent intussusception after pneumatic reduction. Conclusion In this study, a nomogram was developed based on clinical risk factors to predict recurrent intussusception following pneumatic reduction in children. Age, abdominal pain time, white blood cell counts, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels were identified as predictors and incorporated into the nomogram. Internal validation demonstrated that this nomogram can offer a clear and convenient tool for identifying risk factors for recurrence of intussusception in children undergoing pneumatic reduction.

Erin Henshaw, Marie Cooper, Teresa Wood et al.

Abstract Background Breastfeeding self-efficacy has been identified as an important influence on breastfeeding outcomes. Among new parent couples, partners are uniquely positioned to be sources of support for developing breastfeeding self-efficacy, yet few breastfeeding programs have attempted to involve partners directly. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of a novel program, Happy, Healthy, Loved, on breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal mood through emphasizing partner support and actively addressing postpartum-specific stress management in a tailored text message delivery program. Methods A randomized trial was conducted in which primiparous mother-partner dyads intending to exclusively breastfeed were recruited at midwestern hospitals 2–3 days after delivery. The clinical trial was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT04578925, registration date 7/24/2020). Couples were randomized to receive intervention or an attentional control. Couples randomized to the intervention group then completed a brief interactive educational tablet program together (Happy, Healthy, Loved), followed by 6 weeks of tailored text messages providing reminders, coping strategies, and motivational milestones to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy. Participants in the control group received usual care followed by 6 weeks of attentional control text messages about infant development. Surveys were delivered at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum to both mother and partner to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy, mood, and social support (n = 62 couples). Results Outcomes of ANCOVA with baseline self-efficacy as a covariate showed a significant effect of intervention on 6 months breastfeeding self-efficacy when compared to control group. No other significant differences were found at 6 weeks or 6 months postpartum in breastfeeding self-efficacy, depressive or anxious symptoms. Conclusions Results of the present investigation suggest that a text-based dyad intervention improved breastfeeding self-efficacy at 6 months, but not 6 weeks, postpartum, indicating that text-based mother-partner interventions are a promising direction to continue exploring in postpartum health research. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04578925.

Brock E. Polnaszek, Julia Rossen, Katherine H. Bligard et al.

Background: The objective was to estimate the effect of intrapartum amnioinfusion (AI) for recurrent variable decelerations on neonatal morbidity. The primary outcome was composite neonatal neurologic morbidity assembled from individual neonatal outcomes used clinically with suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Secondary outcomes were composite neonatal morbidity not associated with HIE. Methods: Data Sources: A predefined, systematic search was conducted through Ovid Medline, Embase, CINAHL PLUS, Cochrane library (including CENTRAL), Scopus, and Clinicaltrials.gov and was used to identify studies assessing the relationship between intrapartum AI and neonatal morbidity yielding 345 unique citations from 1982 to 2018. Study Eligibility Criteria: Randomized control trials that compared intrapartum AI to no AI for recurrent variable decelerations and included neonatal outcomes were included. Randomized trials comparing AI for other indications (e.g., meconium aspiration syndrome) were excluded, as were studies on intrapartum AI that lacked a control group (i.e., no amnioinfusion). Results: A total of 3 randomized control trials met the selection criteria. Outcomes from 282 neonates exposed to intrapartum AI for recurrent variable decelerations were compared to those from 286 who had fetal monitoring with recurrent variable decelerations but did not receive AI. There were no data on neonatal neurologic morbidity outcomes related to HIE. Among the data available, composite neonatal morbidity was not significantly different with AI (28.7% vs. 59.1%, pooled risk ratio, –0.30; 95% CI (95% confidence interval) –0.99–0.40; I2 = 94.51%; p = 0.40). Separated by individual outcomes contributing to the composite, intensive care unit admissions (ICU) (1 study; 6.8% vs. 16.5%; risk ratio 0.45; 95% CI 0.25–0.83) were less likely in those receiving an intrapartum AI, compared to no intrapartum AI while there was no difference in umbilical cord pH <7.20 (1 study; 19% vs. 8%; p = 0.62). There was no difference in Apgar scores <7 at 1 and 5 minutes on pooled analysis. Conclusions: Few studies have been published on the effect of intrapartum AI for recurrent variable decelerations on neonatal morbidity. Nevertheless, this meta-analysis suggests that intrapartum AI for recurrent variable decelerations may improve surrogate markers of neonatal morbidity, but further research is warranted.

Jia-Nan Wu, Bingsuo Zou, and Yongyou Zhang

Manipulating photon states serves as a primary requirement for various optical devices and is of high relevance for quantum information technology. Nevertheless, the fundamental theoretical framework for tens-of-photon states has not been established. This study successfully establishes the matrix-product-state theory to explore the statistics of the tens-of-photon states scattered by optical cavities (OCs), two-level atoms (TLAs), and Jaynes-Cummings emitters (JCEs) in waveguide-QED systems. Taking 10-photon states as an example, we reveal some novel physical results that differ from those for few-photon cases. We verify that OCs do not change the statistics of the incident photon states, being independent of the photon number. However, for the TLAs and JCEs, the photon number strongly impacts the photon bunching and anti-bunching behaviors. As the photon number increases, there exists a maximum strength for the photon-photon correlation induced by the JCE. Especially, the scattered waves by the TLA (or JCE) exhibit extremely different statistics behaviors for the 10-photon cases from those for the bi-photon. These distinguishable conclusions for the tens-of-photon states and the matrix-product-state theory pave the way for the multi-photon manipulation.

Xiaohang Yang, Jingjing Yin, Yu Fu et al.

Abstract Introduction Myometrial invasion is a prognostic factor for lymph node metastases and decreased survival in non-endometrioid endometrial carcinoma patients. Herein, we explored the mode of myometrial invasion diagnosis in FIGO stage I non-endometrioid carcinoma and evaluated the differences in diagnostic efficiency among intraoperative frozen section (IFS), intraoperative gross examination (IGE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) in clinical practice. Finally, we suggested which test should be routinely performed. Method This was a historical cohort study nationwide with 30 centers in China between January 2000 and December 2019. Clinical data, including age, histology, method of myometrial invasion evaluation (MRI, CT, IGE, and IFS), and final diagnosis of postoperative paraffin sections, were collected from 490 non-endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (serous, clear cell, undifferentiated, mixed carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma) women in FIGO stage I. Results Among the 490 patients, 89.59% presented myometrial invasion. The methods reported for myometrial invasion assessment were IFS in 23.47%, IGE in 69.59%, MRI in 37.96%, and CT in 10.20% of cases. The highest concordance was detected between IFS and postoperative paraffin sections (Kappa = 0.631, accuracy = 93.04%), followed by IGE (Kappa = 0.303, accuracy = 82.40%), MRI (Kappa = 0.131, accuracy = 69.35%), and CT (Kappa = 0.118, accuracy = 50.00%). A stable diagnostic agreement between IFS and the final results was also found through the years (2000–2012: Kappa = 0.776; 2013–2014: Kappa = 0.625; 2015–2016: Kappa = 0.545; 2017–2019: Kappa = 0.652). Conclusion In China, the assessment of myometrial invasion in non-endometrioid endometrial carcinoma is often performed via IGE, but the reliability is relatively low in contrast to IFS. In clinical practice, IFS is a reliable method that can help accurately assess myometrial invasion and intraoperative decision-making (lymph node dissection or not). Hence, it should be routinely performed in non-endometrioid endometrial carcinoma patients.

Alenka Hodžić, Aleš Maver, Branko Zorn et al.

Introduction: Male infertility is a common, complex disorder. A better understanding of pathogenesis and etiology is needed for timely diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study, therefore, was to identify genes involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic male infertility based on data from transcriptomic level supported with data from genomic level.Materials and methods: First, we performed whole gene expression analysis in 20 testis biopsy samples of patients with severely impaired (10) and normal spermatogenesis (10). Further, we have performed systematic review of comparable male infertility studies and overlapped the most significantly expressed genes identified in our study with the most differentially expressed genes from selected studies. Gene Ontology analysis and KEGG functional enrichment have been performed with Enrichr analysis tool. Additionally, we have overlapped these genes with the genes where rare variants have been identified previously.Results: In 10 patients with severely impaired spermatogenesis and 10 controls, we identified more than 1,800 differentially expressed genes (p &lt; 0.001). With the systematic review of three previously performed microarray studies that have met inclusion criteria we identified 257 overlapped differentialy expressed genes (144 downregulated and 113 upregulated). Intersection of genes from transcriptomic studies with genes with identified rare variants revealed a total of 7 genes linked with male infertility phenotype (CYP11A1, CYP17A1, RSPH3, TSGA10, AKAP4, CCIN, NDNF).Conclusion: Our comprehensive study highlighted the role of four genes in pathogenesis of male infertility and provided supporting evidence for three promising candidate genes which dysfunction may result in a male infertility disorder.

Vito Mondì, Chryssoula Tzialla, Salvatore Aversa et al.

Abstract Background Ophthalmia neonatorum is an acute conjunctivitis that occurs in newborns within the first month of life. The most serious infections are due to Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, that may cause permanent damages. The use of ophthalmic prophylaxis varies widely around the world, according to the different health and socio-economic contexts. To date in Italy there is no a clear legislation regarding ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis at birth. Methods We invited all birth centers in Italy to carry out a retrospective survey relating the last three years. We collected data regarding demographics of neonates, drugs used for ophthalmic prophylaxis and results of the screening of pregnant women for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae vaginal infections. Results Among 419 birth centers, 302 (72,1%) responded to the survey. Overall 1041384 neonates, 82,3% of those born in the three years considered, received ophthalmic prophylaxis. Only 4,585 (0,4%) of them received one of the drugs recommended by the WHO. The Centers that participated to the survey reported 12 episodes of Chlamydial conjunctivitis and no Gonococcal infection in the three years. Only 38% of the Centers performed vaginal swabs to pregnant women: 2,6% screened only for Neisseria, 9,6% only for Chlamydia and 25,8% for both germs. Conclusions The data obtained from the survey showed a low incidence of neonatal conjunctivitis due to either Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis in Italy. Due to the lack of legislation regulating the prophylaxis of ophthalmia neonatorum in newborns, the Italian Society of Neonatology, the Italian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine have recently issued new recommendations on this topic.

Bohayra Mortazavi, Fazel Shojaei, and Masoud Shahrokhi

Recently, Bafekry et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 120, 189901 (2022)] reported their density functional theory (DFT) results on the elastic constants of C6N7 monolayer. They predicted non-zero elastic constants along the out-of-plane direction for a single-layered material, which contradicts with basic physics of the stiffness tensor for plane stress condition. Moreover, in their work Young's modulus is erroneously calculated. On the basis of DFT calculations, herein we predicted the C11, C12 and C66 of the C6N7 monolayer to be 286, 73 and 107 GPa, respectively, equivalent with an in-plane Youngs modulus of 267 GPa. Using DFT calculations and a machine learning interatomic potential, we also show that C6N7 monolayer shows isotropic elasticity.

Bohayra Mortazavi, Fazel Shojaei, and Masoud Shahrokhi

Recently, Bafekry et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 119, 142102 (2021)] reported their density functional theory (DFT) results on the elastic constants of a novel C6N7 monolayer. They predicted a very soft elastic modulus of 36.29 GPa for the C6N7 monolayer, which is remarkably low for carbon-nitride 2D lattices. Using DFT calculations, we predict a remarkably higher elastic modulus of 267 GPa for this monolayer. The maximum tensile strength is also predicted to be 20.5 GPa, revealing the outstanding mechanical properties of the C6N7 monolayer.

Xi Zhou, Liu Liu, Song Liu et al.

Background: There are short of systematical analyze of the late-term pregnancy proportion of women experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and symptomatic fibroids following uterine artery embolization (UAE). Methods: This was a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of existing studies. Results: In total, we identified 497 pregnancies following UAE; 49 patients chose to abort their pregnancies, 79 miscarried during the early- or middle-terms of pregnancy, and 378 pregnancies successfully progressed into the late-term (>28 weeks). When considering the included studies, 58.33%–100% of pregnancies successfully reached the late-term. When considering all studies, the proportion of subjects achieving a late-term pregnancy was 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90%–100%) when using a random model (I2 = 21.08, p < 0.001). With regards to the methods used to perform embolization, the proportion of late-term pregnancies were 92% (95% CI, 79%–100%) in the absorbable Embosphere group and 88% (95% CI, 79%–95%) in the non-absorbable Embosphere group. The proportion of patients achieving late-term pregnancy after UAE was 93% (95% CI, 85%–93%) in the group experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and 82% (95% CI, 73%–90%) in those with symptomatic fibroids. Conclusions: Our analyses indicate that patients have a good chance of a successful pregnancy if they experience postpartum hemorrhage patients and symptomatic fibroids patients if they wish to preserve their fertility.

Leandro Cordero, Michael R. Stenger, Mark B. Landon et al.

Abstract Objective To compare exclusive breastfeeding (BF) and BF initiation among 185 women with Type 1 and 212 women with Type 2 pregestational diabetes who intended exclusive or partial BF and delivered at ≥34 weeks of gestation. Methods Retrospective cohort study. At discharge, exclusive BF is direct BF or BF complemented with expressed breast milk. BF initiation is defined by exclusive or partial BF. Results Type 1 and Type 2 groups were similar in prior BF experience (69 vs 67%) but were different in intention to BF exclusively (92 vs 78%) and partially (8 vs 22%). Women in the Type 1 group were younger (median age 30 vs 33y), likely to be primiparous (47 vs 25%), have a lower median BMI (32 vs 36 kg/m2) and deliver by primary cesarean (37 vs 26%). Infants born to Type 1 women were more likely to be admitted to the NICU (44 vs 18%) and to have hypoglycemia (59 vs 41%). At discharge, exclusive BF among Type 1 was higher (34 vs 23%), partial BF was similar (47 vs 46%) while FF (formula feeding) was lower (19 vs 31%) than in the Type 2 group. BF initiation occurred in 81% of Type 1 and 69% of Type 2 women. Conclusion Intention to BF exclusively was higher in Type 1 women compared to Type 2. At discharge, exclusive BF and BF initiation were lower and FF higher in the Type 2 group highlighting the need for different strategies if lactation in this special population is to be improved.