Hasil untuk "Cadastral mapping"

Lord Sen, Shyamapada Mukherjee

The escalating parameter counts in modern deep learning models pose a fundamental challenge to efficient training and resolution of overfitting. We address this by introducing the \emph{Mapping Networks} which replace the high dimensional weight space by a compact, trainable latent vector based on the hypothesis that the trained parameters of large networks reside on smooth, low-dimensional manifolds. Henceforth, the Mapping Theorem enforced by a dedicated Mapping Loss, shows the existence of a mapping from this latent space to the target weight space both theoretically and in practice. Mapping Networks significantly reduce overfitting and achieve comparable to better performance than target network across complex vision and sequence tasks, including Image Classification, Deepfake Detection etc, with $\mathbf{99.5\%}$, i.e., around $500\times$ reduction in trainable parameters.

Marco Nisi

The EUSATfinder project addresses the critical challenge of unreliable communications during emergency and rescue operations, particularly in remote or disaster-stricken areas. The solution is centered on the Mobile Operation Center (MOC), a deployable vehicle designed to manage a fleet of drones for in-situ data collection (images, videos, telemetry) and to act as a crucial communication gateway. EUSATfinder synergistically integrates European space assets: it utilizes Satellite Backhaul (SAT- COM), including priority GOVSATCOM services, for the secure transmission of data to remote control centers. It leverages Copernicus services (Rapid Mapping) for enhanced situational awareness. Furthermore, to ensure the secure navigation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the system implements Galileo OSNMA signal authentication and advanced GNSS Spoofing Detection (GSD) techniques based on AI. This system establishes a resilient and efficient model for modern disaster management and support for First Responders.

Adam R. Smith

End-periodic homotopy equivalences of infinite, locally finite graphs serve as dimension-one analogs of the end-periodic automorphisms traditionally defined on infinite-type surfaces. We demonstrate that if $Γ$ is an infinite graph with finitely many ends, and $g \colon Γ\to Γ$ is end-periodic, then its mapping torus $Z_g$ admits a flowline-preserving homotopy equivalence with a finite 2-complex. With additional hypotheses on $g$, this compactified mapping torus subsequently embeds in the mapping torus of a homotopy equivalence on a finite-rank graph via a $π_1$-injective, flow-preserving map. We prove that every mapping class of $Γ$ arising from an end-periodic homotopy equivalence contains a representative whose mapping torus realizes such an embedding.

Guizhen Cui, Yiran Wang

In this paper, we study CTP maps, that is, marked rational maps with constant Thurston pullback mapping. We prove that all the regular or mixing CTP polynomials satisfy McMullen's condition. Additionally, we construct a new class of examples of CTP maps.

Cunxi Yu

LUT (Look-Up Table) mapping is a critical step in FPGA logic synthesis, where a logic network is transformed into a form that can be directly implemented using the FPGA's LUTs. An FPGA LUT is a flexible digital memory structure that can implement any logic function of a limited number of inputs, typically 4 to 6 inputs, depending on the FPGA architecture. The goal of LUT mapping is to map the Boolean network into LUTs, where each LUT can implement any function with a fixed number of inputs. In parallel to FPGA technology mapping, ASIC technology mapping maps the Boolean network to user-defined standard cells, which has traditionally been developed separately from LUT mapping algorithms. However, in this work, our motivating examples demonstrate that ASIC technology mappers can potentially improve the performance of LUT mappers, such that standard cell mapping and LUT mapping work in an incremental manner. Therefore, we propose the FuseMap framework, which explores this opportunity to improve LUT mapping in the FPGA design flow by utilizing reinforcement learning to make design-specific choices during cell selection. The effectiveness of FuseMap is evaluated on a wide range of benchmarks, different technology libraries, and technology mappers. The experimental results demonstrate that FuseMap achieves higher mapping accuracy while reducing delay and area across diverse circuit designs collected from ISCAS 85/89, ITC/ISCAS 99, VTR 8.0, and EPFL benchmarks.

Daniel Valentine, Hannah R. Wakeford, Mark Hammond et al.

Eclipse mapping is a powerful tool for measuring 3D profiles of exoplanet atmospheres. To date, only JWST has been capable of widely applying this technique, but as a general observatory, it is too time-limited to conduct population-level mapping studies. Ariel, on the other hand, is a dedicated exoplanet mission set to observe 1000 transiting exoplanets, making it a natural candidate for this. To assess Ariel's mapping potential, we quantitatively benchmark its abilities against those of JWST using a simulation-and-retrieval framework with existing JWST eclipse maps as test cases. We find that for high-ranking targets, Ariel will be able to derive qualitatively similar maps to JWST using the same amount of observations; for mid-ranking targets, Ariel will be able to compete using as few as 3x as many observations; and for lower-ranking targets, the use of phase curves overcomes the need for an impractical number of repeated eclipse observations. We find that while Ariel is unlikely to have extensive latitudinal mapping abilities, it will have wide-ranging longitudinal abilities, from which the first-order atmospheric dynamics can be constrained. Using an analytically-derived metric, we determine the best eclipse mapping targets for Ariel, finding that it will be able to map nearly 100 targets using full phase curves in only quarter of its lifetime. This would be the largest mapping survey to date, and have enormous ramifications for our demographic understanding of exoplanet atmospheric dynamics. Finally, we rank all the best mapping targets for both JWST and Ariel in order to encourage future eclipse mapping studies.

Redazione MediaGEO

O. Malashchuk, T. Movchan, T. Rozhi

Стаття досліджує питання інтелектуалізації електронних геодезичних інструментів у контексті систем публічного просторового менеджменту, акцентуючи трансформацію від автоматизованих процедур до адаптивних самонавчальних технологічних рішень з інтеграцією принципів цифрової етики. Реалізовано алгоритмічний аналіз із залученням розширеного фільтра Калмана (EKF) та рекурентних нейромережевих архітектур довгої короткочасної пам'яті (LSTM) для адаптивної фільтрації інформаційних потоків, а також методів геопросторової статистики та ГІС-візуалізації для верифікації координатної консистентності. Отримані наукові результати свідчать, що інтелектуалізація детермінує трансформацію до когнітивних систем із сенсорною інтеграцією (GNSS, IMU, EDM), досягаючи міліметрової точності через застосування алгоритмів штучного інтелекту, зокрема EKF та LSTM, для прогностичного моделювання похибок та автокорекції. Встановлено, що хмарна інфраструктура та інтероперабельність із ГІС-платформами (ArcGIS, QGIS) формують уніфіковане цифрове середовище з механізмами валідації даних, що підвищує метрологічну стабільність та етичну підзвітність систем. Практична значущість дослідження визначається вдосконаленням систем публічного управління, зокрема урбаністичного планування, земельно-кадастрового обліку та інфраструктурного моніторингу, де інтелектуалізовані прилади забезпечують оновлення даних у режимі реального часу та превентивне управління ризиками. Дослідження сприяє підвищенню транспарентності державних реєстрів через цифрові паспорти вимірювань, редукуючи похибки та юридичні колізії в геоінформаційному середовищі. Перспективи подальших наукових розвідок передбачають розробку етичних стандартів для штучного інтелекту в геодезії та інтеграцію з технологіями Інтернету речей (IoT) для створення глобальних мереж моніторингу. Ключові слова: інтелектуалізація, геодезичні прилади, сенсорна інтеграція, штучний інтелект, геоінформаційні системи, публічне просторове управління.

Evelīna Behmane, Ieva Pakere

Abstract Considering the global increase in mean air temperature and society’s demand for a comfortable indoor microclimate, cooling solutions in buildings will play an essential role in achieving global climate goals. Researchers estimate that global energy consumption will be significantly affected by the energy required for cooling. Assessment of cooling demand potential is an essential step to further analyse cooling options for buildings in certain areas. Within the framework of this study, mapping of energy consumption for cooling in the city of Riga (Latvia) is carried out. Mapping allows to assess the demand in a spatial perspective, identifying areas with a denser energy demand indicator, and, accordingly, a higher potential for implementation of district cooling and this method can be used in other countries and cities as well. Energy consumption for cooling at the building level was calculated and visualized using cadastral data and building energy certificate data. The results show that the potential energy consumption for cooling in the city of Riga can reach up to 397 GWh per year and the largest proportion of energy consumption for cooling is predicted in the category of multi – apartment buildings (up to 155 GWh per year), highlighting the need to pay particular attention how cooling demand is addressed in residential building sector. Results can be further used to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of the district cooling implementation in parts of the city.

A. Ejiga, O. S. Sani, Francis I. Okeke

In light of the swift urbanization and the lack of precise land use maps in urban regions, comprehending land use patterns becomes vital for efficient planning and promoting sustainable development. The objective of this study is to assess the land use pattern in order to catalyze sustainable township development in the Study area. The procedure adopted involved acquiring the cadastral layout plan of the study area, scanning, and digitizing it. Additionally, satellite imagery of the area was obtained, and both the cadastral plan and satellite imagery were geo-referenced and digitized using ArcGIS 9.2 software. These processes resulted in a reasonable accuracy, with a root mean square (RMS) error of 0.002 inches, surpassing the standard of 0.004 inches. The digitized cadastral plan and satellite imagery were overlaid to produce a layered digital map of the area, A Social survey of the area was conducted to identify the specific use of individual plots. Furthermore, a relational database system was created in ArcCatalog to facilitate data management and querying. The research findings demonstrated the approaches effectiveness in enabling queries for the use of any Particular plot, making it adaptable to a wide range of inquiries. Notably, the study revealed the diverse purposes for which different plots were utilized, including residential, commercial, educational, and lodging. An essential aspect of land use mapping is identifying areas prone to risks and hazards, such as rising sea levels, flooding, drought, and fire. The Research contributes to sustainable township development by pinpointing these vulnerable zones by providing valuable insights for urban planning and risk mitigation strategies. This is a valuable resource for urban planners, policymakers, and stakeholders, enabling them to make informed decisions to optimize land use and promote sustainable development in the study area.

Benny Wijaya, Kun Jiang, Mengmeng Yang et al.

Along with the rapid growth of autonomous vehicles (AVs), more and more demands are required for environment perception technology. Among others, HD mapping has become one of the more prominent roles in helping the vehicle realize essential tasks such as localization and path planning. While increasing research efforts have been directed toward HD Map development. However, a comprehensive overview of the overall HD map mapping and update framework is still lacking. This article introduces the development and current state of the algorithm involved in creating HD map mapping and its maintenance. As part of this study, the primary data preprocessing approach of processing raw data to information ready to feed for mapping and update purposes, semantic segmentation, and localization are also briefly reviewed. Moreover, the map taxonomy, ontology, and quality assessment are extensively discussed, the map data's general representation method is presented, and the mapping algorithm ranging from SLAM to transformers learning-based approaches are also discussed. The development of the HD map update algorithm, from change detection to the update methods, is also presented. Finally, the authors discuss possible future developments and the remaining challenges in HD map mapping and update technology. This paper simultaneously serves as a position paper and tutorial to those new to HD map mapping and update domains.

V. Olishevskyi

The analysis made in terms of this research shows, that the military-technogenic load leads to high levels of pollution of the territory with oil products, lead, cadmium and aromatic hydrocarbons. The impact of military operations on agricultural land use in the territory of the Bucha city territorial community of Bucha district of Kyiv oblast is assessed. The level of damage to agricultural land affected by military actions is investigated. To calculate the assessment of the impact of military actions on agricultural land use, the "Visual Determination of Land Damage Levels" was used. The amount of damage caused by hostilities to agricultural land use was calculated. The method of expert assessment was used to calculate the economic level of damage caused by hostilities. The ecological condition of the soil within the Bucha urban community was determined. To assess the ecological condition of the soil, an indicator of the ecological stability of the territory in the post-war period was calculated and compared to the pre-war period. Taking into account the proposed research methods and their results, it is analysed that agricultural land within the territory of the Bucha city territorial community can be used for any crops, but the harvested products’ quality have to be controlled. There is a need for agrotechnical measures to reduce the impact of metals on agricultural products.

Denise Ehrhardt, Martin Behnisch, Mathias Jehling et al.

Infill development policies have been widely adopted as strategies to reduce urban sprawl and to promote sustainable urban transformation. However, little empirical data are available to analyse infill processes and to facilitate building activity on infill potentials. This is especially true for small-scale residential infill, which often takes place on vacant or underused lots as soft densification. To address this issue, a geospatial method is presented that enables automatic detection of vacant lots for large areas. Cadastral data are used to analyse spatio-temporal development for the period 2011–21 in a German study area, containing large cites as well as rural municipalities. The results show that every fourth vacant lot was mobilised since 2011. However, additional vacant lots emerged in rural areas as new residential development areas are not fully built-up, resulting in a net increase of vacant lots. Although the quantity of vacant lot areas in 2021 suggests a high potential for residential infill, the main development on these infill sites is expected to promote additional single-family housing rather than more dense structures. Practice relevance Automatic identification and monitoring of infill potentials and development are important both for policymaking and for local planning practitioners. For small municipalities with little financial capacities, the approach can provide an overview of their vacant lots and can serve as a basis for strategic planning decisions. For the regional or national level, a yearly monitoring schedule can be established at little cost. Although the approach proves to be robust regarding its precision and is promising for a nationwide application, the data availability for the whole of Germany is awaited and the method needs to be optimised to implement the workflow in practice.

C. Lindner, Auriol Degbelo, Gergely Vassányi et al.

Millions of formal and informal land rights are still undocumented worldwide and there is a need for scalable techniques to facilitate that documentation. In this context, sketch mapping based on printed high-resolution satellite or aerial imagery is being promoted as a fit-for-purpose land administration method and can be seen as a promising way to collect cadastral and land use information with the community in a rapid and cost-effective manner. The main disadvantage of paper-based mapping is the need for digitization to facilitate the integration with existing land administration information systems and the sustainable use of the data. Currently, this digitization is mostly done manually, which is time-consuming and error-prone. This article presents the SmartLandMaps approach to land rights mapping and digitization to address this gap. The recording involves the use of sketches during participatory mapping activities to delineate parcel boundaries, and the use of mobile phones to collect attribute information about spatial units and land rights holders. The digitization involves the use of photogrammetric techniques to derive a digital representation from the annotated paper maps, and the use of computer vision techniques to automate the extraction of parcel boundaries and stickers from raster maps. The approach was deployed in four scenarios across Africa, revealing its simplicity, versatility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. It can be regarded as a scalable alternative to traditional paper-based participatory land rights mapping.

P. Prasad, P. Gupta, Hemant Belsare et al.

Farmers in dryland regions are highly vulnerable to rainfall variability. This vulnerability is unequal, as it is mediated by biophysical and social factors. Implementing policies for climate resilience requires the ability to identify the farmers who are most vulnerable to extreme events like dry spells. We develop a novel approach by conceptualizing dry spell vulnerability in terms of monsoon crop water deficit at the farm scale. Using inputs of weather, terrain, soil properties, land-use-land-cover, crop properties, and a cadastral map, our tool models an hourly soil water balance at 30 m × 30 m resolution and maps the crop water deficit under rainfed conditions. This is a good indicator of the relative sensitivity of farmers to dry spells and allows prioritization of interventions within the focus region. Our tool, developed and deployed within the Maharashtra State Project on Climate-Resilient Agriculture, is iteratively calibrated and refined. We present the result of one such iteration in which 72% of cases were found to have an agreement between the modelled output and farmers' perception of dry spell-induced crop water stress. Our work demonstrates how vulnerability to climate hazards may be mapped at micro-scales to assist policymakers in targeting interventions in ecologically fragile regions with high rainfall variability.

C. Manu, Claudiu Doană, Marius Cucăilă et al.

Abstract The purpose of this work is to describe the realization of a photogrammetric mapping work, i.e. the creation of a high-resolution orthophotoplan mosaic, as a support in the inventory of land parcels belonging to the public domain of a territorial administrative unit in the rural area, subsequent registration in the Integrated Cadaster and Land Registry System, with all related technical-legal aspects.

M. A. Suhattanto, Tri Wijayanti

Cadastral surveying and mapping field work practice is an activity for National Land Collage (STPN) as one of the units under the Ministry of ATR/BPN to develop innovation that can be used as a basis for recommendations for the success of Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL). In the year of 2021, the Diploma I of Cadastral Surveying and Mapping Program carried out field work practice of cadastral surveying and mapping in Pagerharjo Village. This field work practice was designed by optimizing the Fit for Purpose Land Administration (FFP-LA) approach to accelerate the land parcel surveying and mapping process. The method used in the research underlying this article is a qualitative method to find out the extent to which the FFP concept can be implemented in land registration of Indonesia during the field work practice. The result of the field work practice shows several factors that determine the success of the land parcels surveying and mapping based on FFP-LA concepts, including the requirements of open areas for implementing photogrammetry-based measurements, the need of easily identified boundaries marker on Photo Map, the awareness of protecting property by the land owners, and the strength of legal guarantees based on the accuracy of measurements.

Ľ. Solín, Michala Sládeková Madajová, L. Michaleje

This study presents a methodological approach for the mapping of the flood hazard potential of small watercourses, based on their hydromorphological attributes, on the example of a mountain river basin in Slovakia. The flood hazard of a watercourse is understood more comprehensively, providing a set of influencing variables and their attributes that affect the flood hazard. The proposed procedure consists of several steps ranging from the selection of stream variables influencing the flood hazard potential to the evaluation of the attributes of the variables in terms of their impacts on the flood hazard and the determination of a flood hazard index. The mapping divides the watercourse into reaches that differ by their level of flood hazard potential. This enables us to identify those river reaches that are critical in terms of flood hazard and that require management interventions. The results are interpreted in the context of cadastral areas through which the watercourses flow, which is particularly important for local authorities.

S. Ostapchuk, N. Kushniruk

The economic use of agricultural land requires systematic agrochemical surveys, a balanced analysis of the results obtained and the adoption of the right decisions to improve soil fertility, increase agricultural efficiency, and preserve the environment. One of the most important tools in this type of research is mapping modelling. The purpose of this article is to study and analyse the level of soil acidity in one of the most agriculturally developed regions of Rivne Oblast - Zdolbuniv district. Based on the results of the last three rounds of scheduled agrochemical certification of agricultural land (rounds 9-11, 2007-2017) conducted by the Rivne branch of the State Institution "Derzhgruntoochorona", the weighted average indicators of soil pH were calculated in the context of former village councils, a corresponding database was created, and the author's own thematic maps and diagrams were created. The thematic maps were developed using ArcMap software, the coordinate system was Pulkovo 1942 GK Zone 5, the scale was 1:250,000, and the main method of depiction was cartograms. The dynamics of soil acidity in the region during the last three rounds of surveys was summarised and analysed, making it possible to identify areas with optimal, high or low values of indicators, and to identify possible problematic or potentially fertile lands. Specific recommendations for improving soil acidity were provided, primarily for medium acidic soils in the former Staromoshchanytsia and Stupnivka village councils and medium alkaline soils in the former Myrotyn and Uizdets village councils. Thematic maps and diagrams created in this way, with other additional and detailed data, can become an important basis for making informed management decisions to optimise soil acidity both on the territory of former village councils and agricultural formations, individual fields and plots. Keywords: soils, agrochemical properties, acidity level, cartographic modelling, thematic maps.

Y. Dorosh, O. Sakal, R. Kharytonenko et al.

The rationale is provided that to ensure investment attractiveness of land and implement capital investments, it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis of the current state of land use, taking into account the consequences of the war and priorities for recovery. A review of publications containing research results on the issues of investment attractiveness of land, including agricultural land, has been conducted. The structure of land, water resources, and the agro-industrial complex of the Chornobaivka territorial community in the Zolotonosha district of the Cherkasy region has been analyzed. The structure of the soil cover of the territorial community is provided. Factors influencing the investment attractiveness of the research object have been systematized. These factors include investment objects, geographical location, natural resources, business infrastructure, community budget, land use regulation, and the profitability of agricultural production. To assess the investment attractiveness of land resources, financial analysis, risk analysis, strategic approach, comparative analysis, scenario analysis, ecological and social approach have been applied. Emphasizing that the intensity, duration, and prevalence of armed conflicts, as negative factors, can differently impact the investment attractiveness of an administrative-territorial unit. Considering the proposed approaches to assessing the investment attractiveness of land resources, the following forecasted changes have been taken into account, such as attracting investments, economic development, infrastructure improvement, increased tax revenues, and the impact of armed conflicts. In aggregate, this has allowed determining the level of investment attractiveness of the researched territory. Key words: investments, investment attractiveness, land investments, impact of armed conflicts, agricultural lands, industrial sectors, agricultural enterprises, industry structure, territorial communities, land use, rational land use, anthropogenic load, rural areas, green construction, balanced development, rural territorie.