Conversational AI has become part of adolescents' everyday lives. This report asks: what does AI owe adolescents when it can speak to them like a social partner? The synthesis bridges the gap between developmental science and industry practice through consultations, a behavioral framework, and global policy dialogue. It identies non- negotiable guardrails and highlights the role of anthropomorphism as a design lever for risk mitigation, ensuring systems support adolescents' autonomy and skill development.
The focus of the current work concerned the psychological processes that underlie prediction of an events duration. The objective was to push forward existing psychological theory on event duration prediction, something made possible by the unique features of our data context. The provisional findings suggested that the prior, existing theoretical mechanism of event duration prediction is incomplete because: i. it does not support adaptive responses when event duration judgments are dependent, ii. it does not afford the integration of new, on the fly, information. Our findings suggest specific directions for future research.
Balaton Borders translates ecological data from Lake Balaton into ceramic tableware that represents human impact on the landscape, from reedbed reduction to shoreline modification and land erosion. Designed for performative dining, the pieces turn shared meals into multisensory encounters where food and data ceramics spark collective reflection on ecological disruption.
Elizabeth Childs, Samir Ghosh, Sebastian Cmentowski
et al.
This volume represents the proceedings of Workshop 27 on Purposeful XR: Affordances, Challenges, and Speculations for an Ethical Future, held together with the CHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems on MY 26th, 2025 in Yokohama, Japan.
Benjamin Lange, Geoff Keeling, Arianna Manzini
et al.
We argue that accountability mechanisms are needed in human-AI agent relationships to ensure alignment with user and societal interests. We propose a framework according to which AI agents' engagement is conditional on appropriate user behaviour. The framework incorporates design-strategies such as distancing, disengaging, and discouraging.
Maurice Pradella, Justin J. Baraboo, Stanley H. Chu
et al.
Abstract Objectives Impaired left atrium (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA) hemodynamics are risk factors (RF) for atrial thrombus formation and stroke. They can be assessed in vivo using 4D-flow-MRI; however, most studies involve clinical patient samples. We aimed to investigate demographic and cardiovascular (CV)-RF associations with LA and LAA hemodynamics in an observational study sample. Material and methods Participants from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis from our institution were approached to undergo cardiac MRI, including 4D-flow-MRI. LA and LAA volume, blood stasis (%voxel with velocity < 0.1 m/s), and peak velocity (PV, top 5% of voxels) were calculated. CV-RF (demographics, history of atrial fibrillation (AF), body mass index (BMI), etc.) were available through study records and investigated in multivariable linear regression models. Results One hundred fifty-eight participants were included (age: 72.8 ± 7.3 years, 53% female). Higher age and AF were associated with lower PV LA (β age : −0.16, p < 0.01; β AF : −2.81, p < 0.05) and higher LA stasis (β age : 0.64, p < 0.001; β AF : 5.60, p < 0.05). On the other hand, diabetes and left ventricular ejection fraction were associated with higher PV LA (β diabetes : 3.29, p < 0.01; β LVEF : 0.11, p < 0.05), and diabetes was also associated with lower LA stasis (β: −6.12, p < 0.05). PV LAA was lower in Black participants (β: −2.64, p < 0.01) and AF (β: −4.33, p < 0.001). LAA stasis was lower in males (β: −5.36, p < 0.01), white participants (β: −3.69, p < 0.05), diabetes (β: −4.54, p < 0.01) and higher BMI (β: −0.42, p < 0.05) while higher LA volume (β: 0.12, p < 0.01) was associated with higher LAA stasis. Conclusion We identified RF associated with impaired LA and LAA hemodynamics in an observational study cohort. Key Points Question Are there associations of demographic and CV factors with impaired atrial hemodynamics from 4D-flow cardiac MRI ? Findings 4D-flow MRI identified, amongst others, higher age, race, history of AF, and BMI in a sub-cohort of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis . Clinical relevance Understanding risk factor associations with atrial hemodynamics could aid in identifying subclinical atrial thrombus formation risks, potentially allowing for earlier preventive strategies against diseases such as stroke in diverse populations . Graphical Abstract
This study proposes a tactile diagram pattern for visually impaired people to recognize color information. The pattern uses the principle of three primary colors, with different patterns representing red, blue, and yellow. The size of tactile elements on these patterns indicates the proportion of the color mixing. A preliminary experiment showed that even a sighted participant could understand and reconstruct the tactile diagram. Future experiments will target visually impaired people to confirm the effectiveness of this method.
Concern has recently been expressed by HCI researchers as to the inappropriate treatment of qualitative studies through a positivistic mode of evaluation that places emphasis on metrics and measurement. This contrasts with the nature of qualitative research, which privileges interpretation and understanding over quantification. This paper explains the difference between positivism and interpretivism, the limits of quantification in human science, the distinctive contribution of qualitative research, and how quality assurance might be provided for in the absence of numbers via five basic criteria that reviewers may use to evaluate qualitative studies on their own terms.
This paper discusses the need to move away from an instrumental view of text composition AI assistants under direct control of the user, towards a more agentic approach that is based on a value rationale. Based on an analysis of moral dimensions of AI assistance in computer mediated communication, the paper proposes basic guidelines for designing the agent's persona.
Abstract As human complex diseases are influenced by the interaction between genetics and the environment, identifying gene–environment interactions (G×E) is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and predicting risk. Developing robust quantitative tools for G×E analysis can enhance the study of complex diseases. However, many existing methods that explore G×E focus on the interplay between an environmental factor and genetic variants, exclusively for common or rare variants. In this study, we developed MAGEIT_RAN and MAGEIT_FIX to identify interactions between an environmental factor and a set of genetic markers, including both rare and common variants, based on the MinQue for Summary statistics. The genetic main effects in MAGEIT_RAN and MAGEIT_FIX are modeled as random and fixed effects, respectively. Simulation studies showed that both tests had type I error under control, with MAGEIT_RAN being the most powerful test. Applying MAGEIT to a genome-wide analysis of gene–alcohol interactions on hypertension and seated systolic blood pressure in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis revealed genes like EIF2AK2, CCNDBP1, and EPB42 influencing blood pressure through alcohol interaction. Pathway analysis identified 1 apoptosis and survival pathway involving PKR and 2 signal transduction pathways associated with hypertension and alcohol intake, demonstrating MAGEIT_RAN's ability to detect biologically relevant gene–environment interactions.
The article discusses the prospects for introducing into educational practice the designer of electronic training courses based on virtual and augmented reality technologies for LMS Moodle. The requirements for the functions, interface, appearance of the module-designer being developed, the formation of VR/AR-content in terms of its use by unprepared users, such as teachers and develop-ers of training courses, are formulated.
We present two methods for fast and precise eye-tracking in VR headsets. Both methods exploit deflectometric information, i.e., the specular reflection of an extended screen over the eye surface.
Michaela R. Anderson, John S. Kim, Anna Podolanczuk
et al.
AbstractObjectiveLong pentraxin‐3 (PTX‐3) is an acute phase protein associated with cardiovascular disease, lung injury, and mortality. We evaluated the association between computed tomography (CT)‐measurements of adipose tissue and plasma levels of PTX‐3.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling adults enrolled in the multi‐center Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who underwent cardiac or abdominal CT and had available PTX‐3 measurements.ResultsThere was a U‐shaped association between pericardial adipose tissue volume (PAT), abdominal visceral adipose tissue area (VAT), hepatic attenuation, and PTX‐3 levels, with extremes of adiposity associated with greater PTX‐3 levels. Using multivariable‐adjusted piecewise regression models, among participants with low PAT, every 1% increase in PAT volume was associated with a 13.8% decrease in PTX‐3 (95% confidence interval [CI] −21.6 to −6.0); among participants with high PAT, every 1% increase in PAT volume was associated with a 6.0% increase in PTX‐3 (95% CI −0.4 to 12.5). Results were similar for abdominal VAT and hepatic attenuation.ConclusionsIn a cohort of community‐dwelling adults, we demonstrated a “U‐shaped” association between pericardial, abdominal visceral, and hepatic adiposity with PTX3 levels, suggesting that extreme adiposity is associated with greater circulating levels of PTX3. Further work is required to identify the mechanisms linking adiposity and PTX‐3.
Thanks to the eye-tracking sensors that are embedded in emerging consumer devices like the Vive Pro Eye, we demonstrate that it is feasible to deliver user authentication via eye movement biometrics.
This paper attempts to synthesize various conceptualizations of the term "context" as found in computing literature. Ten conceptual dimensions of context thus emerge -- location; user, task, and system characteristics; physical, social, organizational, and cultural environments; time-related aspects, and historical information. Together, the ten dimensions of context provide a comprehensive view of the notion of context, and allow for a more systematic examination of the influence of context and contextual information on human-system or human-AI interactions.
Over the last four years, we have developed a series of lectures, labs and project assignments aimed at introducing enough technology so that students from a mix of disciplines can design and build innovative interface devices.