Hasil untuk "Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc."

Fatma Zehra Engin Sagirli

Sustainable multifunctional fabrics have attracted significant interest within the field of flexible and wearable applications, specifically in areas such as thermal conductive and ultraviolet (UV) protective textiles due to the harmful effects of UV radiation like causing skin cancer and aging. In this study, sustainable multifunctional fabrics were produced by coating green-synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) and polyanthranilic acid (PANA) onto silk fabrics. This process involved an eco-friendly synthesis method using Laurus nobilis aqueous leaf extract and zinc acetate dihydrate to obtain zinc oxide particles, followed by the application of polyanthranilic acid and zinc oxide to the silk fabric using two different coating methods. Therefore, the influence of the PANA content and ZnO on the surface structures, ultraviolet (UV) protection, and thermal conductivity of the fabrics was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV protection, and thermal properties measurement studies. The study revealed that processing methods, PANA, and the ZnO ratio on fabric have an impact on the mechanical, thermal, and UV-protecting properties. The 6g PANA/ZnO/silk fabric produced by chemical deposition showed better thermal insulation behavior with good UV protection, while the 6g PANA/ZnO/silk fabric produced by spray coating exhibited the highest UV protection, thermal conductivity and thermal absorptivity properties.

Ryo Takahashi, Takashi Sato, Wakako Yukita et al.

We present Full-body WPT, wireless power networking around the human body using a meandered textile coil. Unlike traditional inductive systems that emit strong fields into the deep tissue inside the body, the meander coil enables localized generation of strong magnetic field constrained to the skin surface, even when scaled to the size of the human body. Such localized inductive system enhances both safety and efficiency of wireless power around the body. Furthermore, the use of low-loss conductive yarn achieve energy-efficient and lightweight design. We analyze the performance of our design through simulations and experimental prototypes, demonstrating high power transfer efficiency and adaptability to user movement and posture. Our system provides a safe and efficient distributed power network using meandered textile coils integrated into wearable materials, highlighting the potential of body-centric wireless power networking as a foundational layer for ubiquitous health monitoring, augmented reality, and human-machine interaction systems.

Ryo Takahashi, Yoshihiro Kawahara

The growing use of wearable devices for activity tracking, healthcare, and haptics faces challenges due to the bulkiness and short lifespan of batteries. Integration of a textile-based wireless charging and readout system into everyday clothing can enable seamless power supply and data collection around the body. However, expanding such system to cover the entire body is challenging, as it increases electromagnetic interference with the body, degrading the performance of wireless system. This article introduces a meandered textile coil designed for body-scale, efficient wireless charging and readout. The meander coil can confine a strong inductive field near the body surface, ensuring W-class safe charging and sensitive readout with uW-class low power. Moreover, its zigzag design is simple enough for mass production on industrial knitting machines. Therefore, the body-scale meander coil can continuously operate battery-free wearable devices across the body, leading to ubiquitous deployment of continuous full-body wearable computing into everyday clothing.

Karam Mawas, Mehdi Maboudi, Pedro Achanccaray et al.

The architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry is constantly evolving to meet the demand for sustainable and effective design and construction of the built environment. In the literature, two primary deposition techniques for large-scale 3D concrete printing (3DCP) have been described, namely extrusion-based (Contour Crafting-CC) and shotcrete 3D printing (SC3DP) methods. The deposition methods use a digitally controlled nozzle to print material layer by layer. The continuous flow of concrete material used to create the printed structure is called a filament or layer. As these filaments are the essential structure defining the printed object, the filaments' geometry quality control is crucial. This paper presents an automated procedure for quality control (QC) of filaments in extrusion-based and SC3DP printing methods. The paper also describes a workflow that is independent of the sensor used for data acquisition, such as a camera, a structured light system (SLS) or a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). This method can be used with materials in either the fresh or cured state. Thus, it can be used for online and post-printing QC.

Youjia Wang, Ruixiang Cao, Teng Xu et al.

Translating the rich visual fidelity of volumetric rendering techniques into physically realizable 3D prints remains an open challenge. We introduce DreamPrinting, a novel pipeline that transforms radiance-based volumetric representations into explicit, material-centric Volumetric Printing Primitives (VPPs). While volumetric rendering primitives (e.g., NeRF) excel at capturing intricate geometry and appearance, they lack the physical constraints necessary for real-world fabrication, such as pigment compatibility and material density. DreamPrinting addresses these challenges by integrating the Kubelka-Munk model with a spectrophotometric calibration process to characterize and mix pigments for accurate reproduction of color and translucency. The result is a continuous-to-discrete mapping that determines optimal pigment concentrations for each voxel, ensuring fidelity to both geometry and optical properties. A 3D stochastic halftoning procedure then converts these concentrations into printable labels, enabling fine-grained control over opacity, texture, and color gradients. Our evaluations show that DreamPrinting achieves exceptional detail in reproducing semi-transparent structures-such as fur, leaves, and clouds-while outperforming traditional surface-based methods in managing translucency and internal consistency. Furthermore, by seamlessly integrating VPPs with cutting-edge 3D generation techniques, DreamPrinting expands the potential for complex, high-quality volumetric prints, providing a robust framework for printing objects that closely mirror their digital origins.

Huaqing Wang, Hongqiang Yan

The natural dyestuff extracted from Camellia oleifera seed was applied to dyeing silk fabric in this paper. In order to achieve both good dyeing effect and color fastness of silk fabric, five mordants were chosen to apply in its mordant dyeing process for silk fabric. The effects of mordant kinds and mordant dyeing methods on silk fabrics were studied by K/S value, colorimetric parameter, and color fastness, and further the optimized mordant dyeing process was obtained. The experimental results indicated that the silk fabric obtained by pre-mordant dyeing process using FeSO4 as mordant had the highest K/S value and the best color fastness. The optimized pre-mordant dyeing process was determined by the orthogonal experiment as follows: mordant dosage 4% (omf), pre-mordanting temperature 60°C, pre-mordanting time 30 min, dyestuff dosage 20% (omf), dyeing temperature 95°C, dyeing time 50 min, and pH value 4.0. Compared with the direct dyeing process, its optimized pre-mordant dyeing process could effectively improve color fastness and K/S value of silk fabrics due to the formation of strong silk-mordant-dyestuff chelates. Meanwhile, their strength retention rates also had an acceptable range of 95.2% and 96.4%. Finally, a good dyeing method of the dyestuff extracted from Camellia oleifera seed for silk fabrics was established and enhanced its commercial application in dyeing industry.

Vićentijević Kosana

The textile industry represents a sector characterized by significant environmental and social challenges, making transparency and business sustainability key factors of competitiveness. This paper analyzes the role of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) in improving reporting practices and enhancing accountability within the textile industry. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between the implementation of ESRS standards and the achievement of sustainable competitiveness through improved investor confidence, brand reputation, and resource efficiency. The research methodology is based on a qualitative analysis of relevant documents, reports, and examples of best practices from textile companies. The findings indicate that the application of ESRS standards contributes to a higher level of transparency and long-term competitiveness, especially in companies that integrate the principles of the circular economy and ESG management into their business strategies.

Nahid Tushar, Rencheng Wu, Yu She et al.

3D printing has enabled various applications using different forms of materials, such as filaments, sheets, and inks. Typically, during 3D printing, feedstocks are transformed into discrete building blocks and placed or deposited in a designated location similar to the manipulation and assembly of discrete objects. However, 3D printing of continuous and flexible tape (with the geometry between filaments and sheets) without breaking or transformation remains underexplored and challenging. Here, we report the design and implementation of a customized end-effector, i.e., tape print module (TPM), to realize robot tape manipulation for 3D printing by leveraging the tension formed on the tape between two endpoints. We showcase the feasibility of manufacturing representative 2D and 3D structures while utilizing conductive copper tape for various electronic applications, such as circuits and sensors. We believe this manipulation strategy could unlock the potential of other tape materials for manufacturing, including packaging tape and carbon fiber prepreg tape, and inspire new mechanisms for robot manipulation, 3D printing, and packaging.

Xia Zhu, Ke Wu, Xiaohang Xie et al.

A body area network (BAN) involving wearable sensors populated around the human body can continuously monitor physiological signals, finding applications in personal healthcare and athletic evaluation. Existing near-field communication (NFC)-enabled BAN solutions, while facilitating reliable and secure interconnection among battery-free sensors, face challenges such as limited spectral stability against external interference. Here we demonstrate a textile metamaterial featuring a coaxially-shielded internal structure designed to mitigate interference from extraneous loadings. The metamaterial can be patterned onto clothing to form a scalable, customizable network, enabling communication between NFC-enabled devices and developed battery-free textile NFC sensing nodes placed within the network. Proof of concept demonstration shows the metamaterial's robustness against mechanical deformation and exposure to lossy, conductive saline solutions, underscoring its potential applications in wet environments, particularly in athletic activities involving water or significant perspiration, offering insights for the future development of radio frequency components for a robust BAN at the system level.

Ido Levin, Ela Sachyani, Rama Lieberman et al.

Advances in 3D printing technology now enable the precise positioning of microscopic material voxels to form complex structures. Combined with emerging multi-material capabilities and printable responsive materials, this opens new possibilities for digital composite materials and 3D printing of shape-transforming structures, or 4D printing. Building upon these advancements, we devise a novel methodology for crafting digitized 4D-printed shape-transforming sheets. We 3D print responsive sheets composed of two layers, each consisting of active and passive voxels meticulously positioned to form thin structures that can be actuated on demand. Our approach solves a long-standing problem in the field, i.e., the independent and simultaneous programming of lateral geometry and reference curvature. This unprecedented control over the resulting shape unlocks new opportunities in synthetic shape-morphing materials, with potential applications in programmable mechanical properties and multi-material systems.

Brittany N. Smith, Faris M. Albarghouthi, James L. Doherty et al.

Although printed transistors have a wide range of applications, the limited resolution of printing techniques (10-30 um) has been a barrier to advancement and scaling, particularly down to submicron dimensions. While previous works have shown creative approaches to realizing submicron channel lengths with printing, reliance on chemical processes unique to specific inks or tedious post-processing limit their applicability. Here, we report the use of capillary flow printing (CFP) to repeatably create fully printed submicron carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (CNT-TFTs) without chemical modification or physical manipulation post-printing. The versatility of this printing technique is demonstrated by printing conducting, semiconducting, and insulating inks on several types of substrates (SiO2, Kapton, and paper) and through the fabrication of various TFT device (contacting/gating) architectures. Notably, CFP of these CNT-TFTs yielded on-currents of 1.12 mA/mm when back gated on Si/SiO2, and 490 uA/mm when side gated through ion gel on Kapton, demonstrating the strong transistor performance achievable with CFP. Mechanical bending and sweep rate resilience of devices printed on Kapton show the wide utility of CFP-fabricated devices for flexible applications. This work highlights the ability of CFP as a viable fabrication method for submicron electronics through cleanroom-free printing techniques.

Anita Tarbuk

Wastewater from the textile industry is a complex mixture of many environmentally harmful substances such as unbound dyes and auxiliaries, pesticides, heavy metals and large quantities of salts associated with the dyes or the dyeing process. To reduce the wastewater load, action can be taken in two directions - firstly, by changing the charge of the cotton fibers to remove salts from the bath and increase the dye yield, and secondly, by producing filters for wastewater treatment. In the interest of sustainability, this article collects the possibilities of using cationized cotton during the mercerization process for this purpose. The results of zeta potential and coloristic parameters confirmed that the cationizated bleached and recycled cotton waste during the mercerization can be used in dyeing and printing without electrolyte, as well as filter for first step in water treatment.

J. Wertz, Jonathan Faiers, W.W Mullins et al.

Rakesh Kumar Jha, Seong-Wan Kim, Sunghwan Kim

Mulberry silkworms have provided many valuable byproducts to humans for 5,000 years. However, numerous possibilities for their utilization still exist owing to the countless varieties of silkworms. Here, we report the application of Yeonnokjam silk (pistachio silk, PS), one of the characteristic silk varieties in Korea, as a smart fabric environmental sensor. Unlike the previously reported extrinsically modified silk varieties, this new silk textile emits fluorescence under external stimuli. PS cocoons were exposed to different concentrations of HCl vapors. Due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of the cocoon textile, a very low concentration (5 ppm) of HCl vapor can be detected by reading the decrease in the fluorescence intensity. At a lethal concentration (3000 ppm), an instantaneous fluorescence response is obtained. Additionally, the fluorescent pigment in PS can respond to temperature and can be extracted using ethanol, indicating that PS exhibits temperature and ethanol-sensing capabilities. The findings of this study prove that natural PS can be used in bio-optical applications.

Wang Xiaotian, Huo Bingrong, Yuan Xuyang et al.

Painted during the Yuan Dynasty, Taoist Celestial Beings Worshiping is a Taoist propaganda painting. It is one of the largest surviving ancient murals worldwide, featuring a variety of images of these beings dressed in costumes that vividly illustrate the blend of religious and artistic values in Chinese culture. To record and present the mural more intuitively and improve the study of Taoist Celestial Beings Worshiping, this article takes the example of five goddesses centered Queen Mother of the West in the mural and analyzes the styles, structures, colors, and patterns of the costumes from the perspective of costume engineering. Human models are established and the costumes at multiple levels are reconstruction by means of 3D virtual simulation technology. The display images are accompanied by QR codes, which can be scanned to view the 3D model. Finally, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to comprehensively evaluate the reconstruction effect of clothing, and the result was “good.” The resulting digital figure can realize the “revitalization of cultural relics” and provides a new perspective for the digital exhibition of murals, which is conducive to the development of digital tourism and promotes the development of traditional culture.

Esra Taştan Özkan, Binnaz Kaplangiray, Zeynep Kıratlı et al.

Denim fabrics are products that provide durability and ease of use, and are used by young people or people of all ages who prefer comfortable wear in daily life. In this study, the objective hand values of denim fabrics with three weft yarn types (100% cotton elastane, 85% cotton 15% Modal elastane, and 85% cotton 15% Tencel elastane), two twill directions (3/1 Z and S), and four washing processes (bleach, enzyme, rinse, and stone) were investigated. For this purpose, the compressibility, overall flexural rigidity, drape, surface roughness, and shear rigidity values of industrial washed denim fabrics were measured. It was found that there was no statistically significant effect of weft yarn type on objective hand values, and washing differences were statistically significant on the objective hand values of the denim fabrics. The results showed that enzyme-washed fabrics show better hand and lower hardness properties; stone-washed fabrics have a higher fluffy feel, bleach-washed fabrics have worse hand, and rinse-washed fabrics have stiffer and rougher surfaces. It was also observed that the twill direction affects only the shear rigidity values of the denim fabrics.

Razan Abdelazim Idris Alzain

The aim of this research is to get a better understanding of the future of large-scale 3D printing. By developing the market analysis, it will be clear whether large-scale 3D printing is becoming more of a preferred way of printing custom-made parts for production companies. Companies can then choose whether to change their ways, for a more profitable less costly method, or stay on the route they are on. By getting deep into this topic, a new world of technology is then being discovered and familiarized. With a mix of theoretical and practical relevance, a complete coverage could be made on large-scale 3D printing. This paper could then cover all aspects of this topic, and the reader could then make their own judgment if large-scale 3D printing would be the best option.

Abhay Srivastav, Arun Kumar Pati

The information bleaching refers to any physical process that removes quantum information from the initial state of the physical system. The no-hiding theorem proves that if information is lost from the initial system, then it cannot remain in the bipartite quantum correlation and must be found in the remainder of the Hilbert space. We show that when hiding map acts on the input state in the presence of indefinite causal order, then it is possible to hide quantum information in the correlation. One may ask, does it then violate the no-hiding theorem? We analyse this question and argue that in the extended Hilbert space, it will still respect the no-hiding theorem. We also discuss how to mask quantum information using superposition of two hiding maps. Our results can have interesting implications in preserving the fidelity of information, preservation of quantum coherence and work extraction in the presence of two hiding maps with indefinite causal order. Furthermore, we apply the hiding maps in the presence of indefinite causal order on half of an entangled pair and show that entanglement cannot be preserved. Finally, we discuss that even though quantum entanglement is destroyed, the entanglement fidelity under indefinite causal order is non-zero and can approach close to one.

Janaki Dehury, Subhakanta Nayak, Jyoti Ranjan Mohanty

In the present work, a novel purslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum) fiber has been identified and the effect of surface modifications on its physical, mechanical, and thermal properties has been studied. The fiber surface has been treated with different chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide, acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, potassium permanganate, and benzoyl peroxide. The density, water absorption property, mechanical properties, thermogravimetry analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and surface morphology have been thoroughly investigated. It has been observed that acrylic-acid-treated purslane fiber gives better performance in comparison to other treatments with an enhancement of 36.68% of tensile strength as compared to untreated fibers.

Dominik Münks, Jasmin Pilgrim, Kyosev Yordan

Protective clothing, worn for example by police, ambulance and private security services, has the task of protecting against weapon attacks and is becoming increasingly important. International standards specify test methods to ensure the protective effects and classes, but the protective surfaces or the wearing comfort are not defined more detailed in the standards. In the study, a new measurement method is developed and presented for determining the percentage of protected body parts by a stab protective vest. After considering various approaches, the combination of scanned 3D/4D body data and appropriate processing turned out to be the most suitable. With the developed method, the projection of protective surfaces onto scanned bodies or avatars is possible. This study helps defining a key indicator of the protected areas and therefore makes different vest variants more comparable.