Hasil untuk "Religion (General)"

Mahfudz Al Faozi, Imam Ma’arif Hidayat, Imam Alfi

This study examines the Ro’an (community service) tradition in Islamic boarding schools as both a manifestation of Living Hadith values such as ta’awun (mutual help), sincerity, and thaharah (cleanliness) and as an arena of power relations among kiai, ustaz, and students. In the digital era, this noble practice faces the risk of meaning distortion and accusations of exploitation on social media, necessitating deeper academic analysis. Using a qualitative case study approach at Miftahul Huda Rawalo Banyumas Islamic Boarding School, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving 58 purposively selected participants, consisting of active students and alumni. The two-month fieldwork generated rich textual and observational data, analyzed through stages of data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing to identify patterns of meaning and power relations in the Ro’an tradition. The findings reveal that Ro’an serves as an effective medium for internalizing Living Hadith values, fostering spirituality, collective identity, and social discipline among students. However, it also reflects asymmetrical power structures in which institutional authority reinforces obedience and piety through disciplinary mechanisms. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Living Hadith perspectives with Foucault’s concept of power relations, offering insights into how Islamic boarding schools can sustain Ro’an through more humanistic and participatory frameworks in the digital age.

Justin R. Bates

The purpose of this research is to examine how the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members have responded to anti-Jewish theological tropes, especially in the post-Holocaust era. The thesis of this research is that, while the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has not formally canonized any twentieth-century statements on antisemitism, its sacred texts—including the Book of Mormon—along with prophetic teachings and institutional actions before, during, and after World War II, reflect a consistent and distinctive theological perspective on the Jewish people as God’s covenant people with a positive eschatological role in his plan. Unique among its Christian cousins in that era, the Latter-day Saint perspective includes a general rejection of anti-Jewish tropes and—while imperfect—a general pattern of respectful engagement with Jews at both institutional and individual levels. This research is significant in an era of rising antisemitism as it promotes understanding of a religion that has historically maintained, though not perfectly, a more philosemitic approach both institutionally and individually. A deeper understanding of ideas and attitudes that discourage anti-Jewish tropes and combat antisemitism is desperately needed in the modern world.

Damián Pachón Soto

El artículo plantea algunas de las relaciones filosóficas entre España y América Latina desde el siglo XVI hasta el siglo XX. Contra la narrativa de la historiografía filosófica corriente, según la cual España no aportó nada a la filosofía moderna, el artículo argumenta que los debates en torno a la humanidad de los indígenas americanos y la guerra justa contribuyeron a expandir la idea de género humano a la vez que se realizaron aportes al derecho internacional; igualmente, que la filosofía política de Francisco Suárez contribuyó a fundamentar la idea de contractualismo y contrato social a la modernidad. Finalmente, se sostiene que vista desde América, La Ilustración española, el krausismo y los aportes de Ortega y Gasset permitieron el ingreso de Nuestra América a la modernidad filosófica europea y su tradición.

Cora Requena Hidalgo

Reseña del libro recientemente publicado de Jeffrey Raff en ediciones Atalanta, que se basa en el estudio analítico (en algunos capítulos comparativo) sobre el concepto del "sí mismo" en relación con el proceso alquímico. 

Anton N. Fortunatov

The article explores the hypothesis that modern communication is taking on a special form today. It can be called imitative communication, in which information processing technologies play a very important role. The author derives the origin of this communication from the commercial, consumer status of social information, which in the early stages of the emergence of media reality contributed to the development of market relations. Thanks to the development of technology, the quality of imitation of reality becomes an independent factor infl uencing the deconstruction of a person in the information process. In these conclusions, the author relies on his own long-term studies of the history of television. It was this mass media that laid the foundations of imitative reality, tearing off the perception of reality from its real development and laying the foundations for technological identifi cation of a person to the detriment of traditional personal efforts. Imitative reality has a connection with the phenomenon of the game. The author carries out a phenomenological rethinking of the game in comparison with its classical defi nitions. The game appears as a form of detection of ontological boundaries in which the personality is located. However, with today’s development of technology, the game is turning into a way to replace reality, losing its original status as an identifi er of social meanings. With this interpretation, many currently unresolved problems, for example, the problem of computer addiction, acquire the features of distinct social deviations that have specifi c ways of treatment. As a perspective for the development of the existing situation, the author calls the reditization (return) of the individual to reality, while virtual reality should acquire the status of another utopia in the history of mankind

Vladimer Luarsabishvili

This paper deals with the possible ways of understanding the relation between the reconstruction of history and literary fiction (postmemory and ectopic literature). The transmission of memory across generations – postmemory, and the composition of literary works out of the place of the origin – ectopic literature – facilitate the formation of historical discourse, which is inevitably accompanied by modern interpretation. As interpretation is understanding reality in a subjective manner, literary fiction takes its place in the reconstruction of historical events. And ectopic literature is one of the main narratives, which helps to understand the relation between facts and fantasy.

I. S Liashenko

Purpose of the research is to study the originality of interpretation of death in the lyrics of Ukrainian diaspora in Canada in the context of the opposition "foreign land – motherland", based on its existential development in philosophical anthropology and culture of the last two centuries. Its implementation presupposes, first of all, analysis of the forms of development and disclosure of the death motif by figurative and artistic means. Theoretical basis. The author uses the well-founded tradition of interpreting the death motif in philosophical literature of the last centuries, i.e. non-classical and modern philosophical thought. Originality. The present study is an attempt at systematization of the notions of death in Ukrainian poetry in Canada in the second half of the 20th century. It is based on the study of artistic texts and the worldview of Ukrainian emigrants. Appeal to the fiction of the Ukrainian Diaspora allows illustrating the originality of philosophical understanding of death in the context of the national culture. Conclusions. Reference to Ukrainian-Canadian poetry allows expanding the space of philosophical understanding of death in the form of figurative fiction. Concretizing the character of their interpretation of the motif of death, it is necessary to focus attention on its two basic forms of manifestation: existential, associated with living abroad, and sacrificial death for the benefit of the homeland. Thus, the motif of death occupies a significant place in the lyrics of representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora. The concept of human death is closely connected with the concept of life, which is concretized through their meaningful comprehension. This is a matter of interpretation of despair and loneliness motifs, as well as the illumination of the images of a foreign land, which is one of the features of emigrant literature in general.

Anastasia Batkhina, John W. Berry, Tomas Jurcik et al.

The creation of a social climate where all ethnic groups can harmoniously coexist is a central challenge for many countries today. Should we emphasize similarities and common ground or, conversely, recognize that there are important differences between groups? The current study examined relations between diversity ideologies (assimilation, colorblindness, multiculturalism, polyculturalism) and generalized and specific intergroup bias (against Chechens, Belarusians, Uzbeks, Chinese, and Jews and Muslims) among ethnic Russians (N = 701). In Study 1, colorblindness (ignoring differences) and polyculturalism (emphasizing interconnectivity) were associated with lower generalized intergroup bias and lower bias against Chechens, Uzbeks, and Chinese, but not Belarusians. Bias against Belarusians was lower among those who endorsed multiculturalism (emphasizing differences). In Study 2, multiculturalism was associated with higher implicit bias when the target was a Chechen but in general more proximal variables (positive or negative contact experience and perceived group similarity) were more robust predictors of intergroup bias than diversity ideologies. In Study 3, colorblindness and polyculturalism were related to lower levels of fearful attitudes against Muslims. Colorblindness was also associated with lower levels of Antisemitism in contrast to multiculturalism that had an opposite association. We place these results in the context of cultural distance and existing cultural stereotypes about different groups among the majority of Russians. The strengths and weaknesses of each diversity ideology for the mainstream cultural group are discussed. The results of the current study suggest that the most fruitful strategy for mainstream cultural groups for maintaining harmonious intergroup relations in diverse societies might be that of optimal distinctiveness.

N. V. Krishnendu, Frank Ohme

The detections of gravitational-wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescence by ground-based detectors have opened up the era of GW astronomy. These observations provide opportunities to test Einstein's general theory of relativity at the strong-field regime. Here we give a brief overview of the various GW-based tests of General Relativity (GR) performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration on the detected GW events to date. After providing details for the tests performed in four categories, we discuss the prospects for each test in the context of future GW detectors. The four categories of tests include the consistency tests, parametrized tests for GW generation and propagation, tests for the merger remnant properties, and GW polarization tests.

Ihsan ur Rasheed, Dr Aman ullah

ABSTRACT The civilized and the cultured world today is facing a difficult time with the economy. Regardless of its success, every nation seems to be confused regarding this matter. The poor are increasing in their poverty and the rich are increasing in their wealth. Especially during this time of the pandemic (COVID-19), throughout the world you see poverty and economic depression becoming normalized. Furthermore, today’s leaders promise their people that they will make sure that not a single person will be deprived of receiving the necessary provisions. However, with the unequal distribution of wealth, the conditions that are coming forth are not worth talking about. The benefactor of every creation-be it a Muslim or Non-Muslim, a human being or or an animal, an Arab or a non-Arab, our beloved Prophet ﷺ has shown us the correct example of economy and also how to apply it in the world fourteen hundred years ago in such a way where no other example can match his example until the day of resurrection. Other religions and systems have directed mankind in one of two ways: either leading them to stay hungry and in poverty and promising them that this way is the epitome of monasticism thus bringing bright attention to monasticism, or luring them into saving money continuously after earning it. However, Islam is one of the only religions that motivates people to spend money on others more then hoarding it. This is to a point where hoarding money and being stingy with it is both a crime and blameworthy in Islam. Islam also cultivates such a desire in the people’s hearts where Muslims spending money in the path of Allah ﷻ consider it a means of success for themselves. The following lines will bring forth a discussion of general guardianship and serving the creation in Islam as well as other Abrahamic religions through the lens of a thoroughly researched and comparative paper.

Michel Crubellier

This paper proposes an interpretation of Books V and VI of Aristotle’s Physics as being (at least partly) a reaction to Zeno’s four “arguments against motion” that Aristotle expounds and discusses in Phys. VI 9. On the basis of a detailed textual analysis of that chapter, I show that Zeno’s arguments rest on a frame of a priori notions such as part and whole, in contact, between, limit, etc., which Aristotle takes over in order to account for the inner structure (here called “the In-Between”) common to all facts of motion and change. That frame allows him to develop a specific ontology for that inner structure – although it exists only potentially according to the Aristotelian orthodoxy – because he needs such an ontology in order to vindicate the reality of motion and change.

Brett Bochner

The curved spacetime Maxwell equations are applied to the anisotropically expanding Kasner metrics. Using the application of vector identities we derive 2$^\textrm{nd}$-order differential wave equations for the electromagnetic field components; through this explicit derivation, we find that the 2$^\textrm{nd}$-order wave equations are not uncoupled for the various components (as previously assumed), but that gravitationally-induced coupling between the electric and magnetic field components is generated directly by the anisotropy of the expansion. The lack of such coupling terms in the wave equations from several prior studies may indicate a generally incomplete understanding of the evolution of electromagnetic energy in anisotropic cosmologies. Uncoupling the field components requires the derivation of a 4$^\textrm{th}$-order wave equation, which we obtain for Kasner-like metrics with generalized expansion/contraction rate indices. For the axisymmetric Kasner case, $(p_{1}, p_{2}, p_{3}) = (1,0,0)$, we obtain exact field solutions (for general propagation wavevectors), half of which appear not to have been found before in previous studies. For the other axisymmetric Kasner case, $\{p_{1}, p_{2}, p_{3}\} = \{(-1/3),(2/3),(2/3)\}$, we use numerical methods to demonstrate the explicit violation of the geometric optics approximation at early times, showing the physical phase velocity of the wave to be inhibited towards the initial singularity, with $v \rightarrow 0$ as $t \rightarrow 0$.

Nafisa Patel

Array

Omar FERTAT

En sus inicios, el teatro marroquí, dirigido principalmente por jóvenes de los movimientos nacionalistas y reformistas, adoptó como lengua el árabe clásico o literario. Sin embargo, el darija, o árabe marroquí, pronto fue adoptado cada vez más por los dramaturgos marroquíes, hasta convertirse, a partir de la década de 1950, en la lengua principal del cuarto arte marroquí. Este artículo intentará trazar un panorama de la utilización del darija en el teatro marroquí, centrándose en los momentos más importantes de este proceso y destacando las experiencias más llamativas de algunos dramaturgos como Bouchïb el Bodaoui, Abdellah Chakroun, Tayeb Al-Alj, Tayeb Saddiki, Mohamed Kaouti, que no sólo utilizaron esta lengua como medio de comunicación ordinario, sino que la consagraron definitivamente como medio de expresión artística y literaria.

Anamaría Navarro-Noguera, F. D. Lora-Clavijo, Guillermo A. González

The origin of magnetic fields in the universe still remains unknown and constitutes one of the most intriguing questions in astronomy and astrophysics. Their significance is enormous since they have a strong influence on many astrophysical phenomena. In regards of this motivation, theoretical models of galactic disks with sources of magnetic field may contribute to understand the physics behind them. Inspired by this, we present a new family of analytical models for thin disks composed by magnetized material. The solutions are axially symmetric, conformastatic and are obtained by solving the Einstein-Maxwell Field Equations for continuum media without the test field approximation, and assuming that the sources are razor-thin disk of magnetically polarized matter. We find analytical expressions for the surface energy density, the pressure, the polarization vector, the electromagnetic fields, the mass and the rotational velocity for circular orbits, for two particular solutions. In each case, the energy-momentum tensor agrees with the energy conditions and also the convergence of the mass for all the solutions is proved. Since the solutions are well-behaved, they may be used to model astrophysical thin disks, and also may contribute as initial data in numerical simulations. In addition, the process to obtain the solutions is described in detail, which may be used as a guide to find solutions with magnetized material in General Relativity.

Ivano Damião Soares

A solution of Einstein's vacuum field equations that describes a boosted Kerr black hole relative to an asymptotic Lorentz frame at the future null infinity is derived. The solution has three parameters (mass, rotation and boost) and corresponds to the most general configuration that an astrophysical black hole must have; it reduces to the Kerr solution when the boost parameter is zero. In this solution the ergosphere is north-south asymmetric, with dominant lobes in the direction opposite to the boost. However the event horizon, the Cauchy horizon and the ring singularity, which are the core of the black hole structure, do not alter, being independent of the boost parameter. Possible consequences for astrophysical processes connected with Penrose processes in the asymmetric ergosphere are discussed.

Wolfgang Muschik, Horst-Heino von Borzeszkowski

In generalizing the special-relativistic one-component version of Eckart's continuum thermodynamics to general-relativistic space-times with Riemannian or post-Riemannian geometry, we consider the entropy production and other themodynamical quantities such as the entropy flux and the Gibbs fundamental equation. We discuss equilibrium conditions in gravitational theories which are based on such geometries. In particular, thermodynamic implications of the non-symmetry of the energy-momentum tensor and the related spin balance equations are investigated, also for the special case of General Relativity.

Julián Santos Guerrero

El artículo pretende fijar la atención sobre el funcionamiento de la figura del círculo en el interior del pensamiento del joven Nietzsche de El Nacimiento de la tragedia. Al mismo tiempo, se ensaya una tesis sobre el origen de la fascinación que dicha figura ejerce en el texto nietzscheano

A.V. Degtyarev

In this article, deviant behavior is considered as a combination of different manifestations of personality, leading eventually to its social desaptation. It is shown that an effective method of preventing deviant behavior is psychological training. Group training activity helps to solve the problems associated with the development of various behavioral skills, to provide psychological support, and can be used as a means of psychological work with teenagers with behavioral problems. We discuss the basic points required to effectively create and conduct training programs in general, as well as the challenges and opportunities of designing trainings in order to develop emotional intelligence as a method of prevention of deviant behavior