Hasil untuk "Property"

A. Alchian

R. Hahn

R. J. Zimmer

J. Cadzow

Herschel I. Grossman, Minseong Kim

HU Minglei, HU Bin, ZHANG Wei et al.

Specimen reconstitution technology is important for the in-service safety of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) in nuclear power plants. To verify the feasibility of electron beam welding for the restructured specimens, the electron beam welding to restructure the 16MND5, 10Cr12Ni3Mo2VN, and X6NiCrTiMoVB 25-15-2 Charpy impact specimens for three kinds of steels was adopted, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the restructured specimens were characterized, and the Vickers hardness and impact toughness of the specimens were tested by non-destructive flaw detection, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the microstructure of these three steels in weld zone is relatively dense, and no obvious crack defects occur. The welding quality of 10Cr12Ni3Mo2VN restructured specimens is the best, and the mechanical properties are relatively close to those of the original specimens, demonstrating that the electron beam welding has the good application potential of reconstitution in nuclear power field.

Li Zhou, Qing Liu, Zehui Fang et al.

The single-function agents with wide-spectrum activity which tend to disturb the ecological balance of oral cavity cannot satisfy dental treatment need. A multi-functional agent with specifically targeted killing property and in situ remineralization is warranted for caries management. A novel multi-functional agent (8DSS-C8-P-113) consisting of three domains, i.e., a non-specific antimicrobial peptide (AMP) (P-113), a competence stimulating peptide (C8), and an enhancing remineralization domain (8DSS), is fabricated and evaluated in this study. The findings demonstrates that 2 μM mL−1 of 8DSS-C8-P-113 eliminates planktonic Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) without disrupting the oral normal flora. At a concentration of 8 μM mL−1, it exhibits the ability to prevent S. mutans' adhesion. Furthermore, 8DSS-C8-P-113 self-assembles a hydrogel state at the higher concentration of 16 μM mL−1. This hydrogel self-adheres on the tooth surface, resisting acid attack, eradicating S. mutans’ biofilm, and inducing mineralization in order to facilitate the repair of demineralized dental hard tissue. Its significant effectiveness in reducing the severity of dental caries is also demonstrated in vivo in a rat model. This study suggests that the multi-functional bioactive AMP 8DSS-C8-P-113 is a promising agent to specifically target pathogen, prevent tooth demineralization, and effectively induce in situ bio-mimic remineralization for the management of dental caries.

Matteo Iaiani, Alessandro Tugnoli, Valerio Cozzani

The increasing interconnectivity with external networks and the higher reliance on digital systems make chemical and process industries, including waste and drinking water treatment plants, more vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Historical evidence shows that these attacks have the potential to cause events with severe consequences on property, people, and the surrounding environment, posing a serious threat. While the risks deriving from the malicious manipulation of the Basic Process Control System (BPCS) and the Safety Instrumented System (SIS) in chemical and Oil&Gas facilities have been systematically analysed in the available literature, including previous works of the Authors, the analysis of the consequences of cyber-attacks to drinking water treatment plants has not been conducted to date. To fill this gap, in the present study the methodology POROS 2.0 (Process Operability Analysis of Remote manipulations through the cOntrol System) developed by the Authors was applied to a drinking water treatment plant, providing valuable insights on possible critical scenarios originated by cyber-attacks in these facilities.

CHEN Meng-han, Amel Mohamed, XU Ying-shu, YANG Zi-fan, JIA Hong-bing*

"Rubber blending was an effective way to develop new rubber materials that could achieve better properties than those of single components. The properties of blend could be precisely controlled by using different types of rubbers. However, most blends tended to phase separation, which led to deterioration in mechanical properties. Graphene oxide (GO) could be used as a novel compatibilizer to improve compatibility between rubbers［1-2］. 　In this work, GO was added to the blends of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) and styrene-butadiene rub-ber (SBR). The XNBR/SBR blend with different blend ratios were designed, and the effect of GO on the mechanical properties of GO/XNBR/SBR blended systems was analyzed in detail by a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments. The formulation of rubber compounds was XNBR/SBR 100 phr (in mass, the same below), GO 0 or 3.0 phr, antideteriorant 4010 NA 2.0 phr, zinc oxide 2.0 phr, stearic acid 2.4 phr, accelerator CZ 2.2 phr and sulfur 1.5 phr. The mass ratios of XNBR/SBR were 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25, respectively. 　Through MD simulation, the number of hydrogen bonds of GO/XNBR/SBR blends was shown in Fig 1. The results showed that plenty of hydrogen bonds existed in GO/XNBR/SBR blends, and both the total number of hydrogen bonds and the number of interfacial hydrogen bonds increased with increasing XNBR content, indicating that the interfacial interaction of GO/XNBR/SBR blends was enhanced. After adding 75 phr of XNBR, the number of hydrogen bonds was the highest［3］. ■ Fig 1 Number of hydrogen bonds of GO/XNBR/SBR blends 　Tensile strength of XNBR/SBR and GO/XNBR/SBR blends were shown in Fig 2. It could be seen that the tensile strength of XNBR/SBR blend increased gradually with the growing of XNBR content, mainly due to the higher strength of XNBR compared to SBR. The higher the proportion of XNBR rubber was, the better the mechanical properties of the blends were. Compared to that of XNBR/SBR blend, the tensile strength of GO/XNBR/SBR blend increased by 86% when adding XNBR of 75 phr. The strong interfacial interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, may lead to a remarkable increase in the mechanical properties of the blend. ■ Fig 2 Tensile strength of XNBR/SBR and GO/XNBR/SBR blends"

D. Gould, William C. Gruben

Christopher K. Clague, P. Keefer, Stephen F. Knack et al.

J. Dales

In this classic book, originally published in 1968 by University of Toronto Press, John Dales proposed a new policy instrument for tackling pollution problems, namely ‘markets in pollution rights’. Dales was one of the first economists to put forward such a solution, and in subsequent years a system of emissions trading has evolved which is now a centrepiece in international discussions of how to address the problem of global climate change.

Carmelo Mario Vicario, Vito Scavone, Chiara Lucifora et al.

Evidence suggests that incidental modulation of affective states affects the ability to keep track of time. Alexithymia represents an ideal condition to further address the emotion-time processing link, as it refers to a trait characterized by a deficit of affective processing. 31 healthy participants completed an online version of the TAS-20 scale, which measures alexithymia, and a time reproduction task of visual stimuli related to positive (i.e., happiness) and negative (i.e., anger) facial expressions. Results documented a positive correlation between TAS-20 score and the variability in reproducing sub-second durations of the anger expression stimuli We also found an overestimation of sub-second durations of non-affective expressions in borderline/alexithymic participants. Finally, in line with the literature, we confirmed the overall tendency to overestimate the duration of anger expression stimuli. These findings, which can be interpreted in terms of abnormal scalar timing property in alexithymia, expand previous investigations linking this personality trait with abnormal processing of negative emotions. The evidence that alexithymia predicts the reproduction variability of sub-second durations of negative affective stimuli corroborates previous neuroimaging studies documenting cerebellar deficits in these individuals.

Chunzhi Xia, Yinggang Liu, Xiaoguo Song et al.

Abstract The laser welded joint of 2000MPa cold rolled annealed hot pressed steel (PHS) is easy to break during cold rolling. In this paper, the laser welding method is used to butt weld four kinds of PHS2000 with a thickness of 3.5mm. The four kinds of PHS2000 steel are added with elements of 0% Nb, 0.04% Nb, 0.06% Nb + Cr and 0.08% Nb + Cr. The microstructure of the four kinds of welded joints is compared and analyzed. The mechanical properties of the four kinds of joints are compared through hardness test and tensile test. The results show that after adding 0.04% Nb, residual austenite appears in the weld zone and fully quenched zone, the width of columnar crystal decreases, the average hardness of the weld zone decreases from 595HV to 408HV, and the tensile strength increases from 608MPa to more than 800MPa. For chromium containing steel, the increase of niobium content can reduce the size of columnar crystal in weld zone.

Ruijia NIU, Lijuan WEN, Mengxiao WANG et al.

Many lakes are widely and densely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Due to the high altitude， the lakes seasonally freeze with a long ice-covered period.Lake ice can significantly affect the local and regional climate and the sub-glacial aquatic ecosystem by changing the transfer process of radiation energy on and in the lakes.However， their characteristics during the ice-covered period still remain unclear.Therefore， from February 6 to 28， 2022， we conducted a systematic observation of water ice air in Qinghai Lake， the largest lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Using field observation data， video images and the precipitation data of peripheral observation stations， the influence of different ice cover conditions on the radiation and temperature of the water-ice-atmosphere on Qinghai Lake during the ice-covered period was analyzed.Results showed that different weather processes such as snowfall， sand and gale could remarkably change the property of cover on the ice， leading to variations of ice thickness on Qinghai Lake.Furthermore， the discrepancies of solar radiation absorption and reflection of different covers result in energy equilibrium that directly dictate ice surface temperature at water-ice-atmosphere interface.Bare ice with low albedo and low absorption induced the relatively strong net solar radiation and the correspondingly large diurnal variations of ice temperature.Compared to bare ice， the high reflection of snow cover and the strong absorption of sand and dust make the ability of net short-wave radiation to penetrate ice weaker， and the diurnal variation of lake ice temperature is smaller.

Christoph Dlapa, Martin Helmer, Georgios Papathanasiou et al.

Abstract We provide evidence through two loops, that rational letters of polylogarithmic Feynman integrals are captured by the Landau equations, when the latter are recast as a polynomial of the kinematic variables of the integral, known as the principal A-determinant. Focusing on one loop, we further show that all square-root letters may also be obtained, by re-factorizing the principal A-determinant with the help of Jacobi identities. We verify our findings by explicitly constructing canonical differential equations for the one-loop integrals in both odd and even dimensions of loop momenta, also finding agreement with earlier results in the literature for the latter case. We provide a computer implementation of our results for the principal A-determinants, symbol alphabets and canonical differential equations in an accompanying Mathematica file. Finally, we study the question of when a one-loop integral satisfies the Cohen-Macaulay property and show that for almost all choices of kinematics the Cohen-Macaulay property holds. Throughout, in our approach to Feynman integrals, we make extensive use of the Gel’fand, Graev, Kapranov and Zelevinskiĭ theory on what are now commonly called GKZ-hypergeometric systems whose singularities are described by the principal A-determinant.

Tudor I. Oprea

P. Keefer, Stephen F. Knack

We argue that social polarization reduces the security ofproperty and contract rights and, through this channel,reduces growth. The first hypothesis is supported by cross-country evidence indicating that polarization in the form ofincome inequality, land inequality, and ethnic tensions isinversely related to a commonly-used index of the security ofcontractual and property rights. When the security of propertyrights is controlled for in cross-country growth regressions,the relationship between inequality and growth diminishesconsiderably. This and other evidence provides support for oursecond hypothesis, that inequality reduces growth in partthrough its effect on the security of property rights.

There has been considerable public and scientific interest in the use of phytochemicals derived from dietary components to combat human diseases. They are naturally occurring substances found in plants. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phytochemical commonly found in fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, sweet corn and rice bran. It arises from metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine by Shikimate pathway in plants. It exhibits a wide range of therapeutic effects against various diseases like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative. A wide spectrum of beneficial activity for human health has been advocated for this phenolic compound, at least in part, because of its strong antioxidant activity. FA, a phenolic compound is a strong membrane antioxidant and known to positively affect human health. FA is an effective scavenger of free radicals and it has been approved in certain countries as food additive to prevent lipid peroxidation. It effectively scavenges superoxide anion radical and inhibits the lipid peroxidation. It possesses antioxidant property by virtue of its phenolic hydroxyl group in its structure. The hydroxy and phenoxy groups of FA donate electrons to quench the free radicals. The phenolic radical in turn forms a quinone methide intermediate, which is excreted via the bile. The past few decades have been devoted to intense research on antioxidant property of FA. So, the present review deals with the mechanism of antioxidant property of FA and its possible role in therapeutic usage against various diseases.

Wahyu Widyasih

This study aims to identify the types of art archives and arrange their arrangement designs in order to support the development of the tridharma of higher education at the Indonesian Institute of the Arts (ISI) Surakarta. The archives studied are the archives of performing arts that are the result of the Tridharma organization. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. That is describing a situation based on the facts that appear. The results of field observations show that the performing arts document consists of text, audio, and video. Its creation cannot be separated from previous works of art as a reference or source of works of art. Artwork documents are archives because they are the result of the tridharma process, but have only been managed as a library. The archives are dominated by final works of art from study programs at the Faculty of Performing Arts, results of artistic research from the Research Centre, and results of community service works of art from the Centre for Community Service. ISI Surakarta Archives Retention Schedule stipulates the archive as a static archive (permanent) after the retention period expires. Its arrangement requires a design according to archival standards. The design is made by taking into account the principle of provenance and original order. The design includes archive creators, archive classification (final project reports, research, and community service), archive indexes (reports, audio visual recordings, and intellectual property certificates), archive cross-linking to link different types of archives for the same archive, information archives, access conditions and archive service procedures.   Keywords: archive, arrangement, design, performing arts, tridharma