Hasil untuk "Professions (General). Professional employees"

W. Schaufeli, M. Salanova, Vicente González-Romá et al.

Carlos Rafael Catalan, Patricia Nicole Monderin, Lheane Marie Dizon et al.

Popular language learning applications such as Duolingo use large language models (LLMs) to generate lessons for its users. Most lessons focus on general real-world scenarios such as greetings, ordering food, or asking directions, with limited support for profession-specific contexts. This gap can hinder learners from achieving professional-level fluency, which we define as the ability to communicate comfortably various work-related and domain-specific information in the target language. We surveyed five employees from a multinational company in the Philippines on their experiences with Duolingo. Results show that respondents encountered general scenarios more frequently than work-related ones, and that the former are relatable and effective in building foundational grammar, vocabulary, and cultural knowledge. The latter helps bridge the gap toward professional fluency as it contains domain-specific vocabulary. Each participant suggested lesson scenarios that diverge in contexts when analyzed in aggregate. With this understanding, we propose that language learning applications should generate lessons that adapt to an individual's needs through personalized, domain specific lesson scenarios while maintaining foundational support through general, relatable lesson scenarios.

Ayşe Özmen, Magdalena Graczyk-Kucharska, Maciej Szafrański et al.

Abstract The study mainly aims to learn about job candidates’ characteristics that influence the declared levels of their general skills (G). The set of characteristics examined included common skills (C), professional skills (P) and other economic and social characteristics of candidates. In this context, it is essential to observe the required knowledge and core skills on the market and to make this knowledge available to decision-makers from public institutions, entrepreneurs and educational institutions. The main research objective is also related to verifying the method used to analyse large multi-dimensional databases of competencies that can be used to improve vocational education and its fit to the labour market. An additional objective of the study is also to find the relationship between the characteristics of the offers (the time of visibility and publication of offers, the distance of the job from the place of residence) and the grouping of competencies in individual professions and occupational groups. It is linked to another problem: identifying factors that influence the design and availability of employee competencies. MARS and CMARS methods were used as neutral computing methodologies to determine the relationship between the response variable (G) and the input variables. Their use allows for commenting on how fulfilment can be determined between the requirements of employers and decision-makers in government. The duration of visibility and publication of the offer might be informative for job candidates and, thus, significantly influence the development of competences in the region. The innovative use of advanced statistical methods to achieve the goal in the area of competence management allows for high precision of the results, reducing risks in making management decisions.

Maja Plum, Eva Pallesen, Lene S.K. Schmidt et al.

Studies in elderly care, policing, hospitals, and schools point to moral stress as (part of) the explanation for the current recruitment and retention crisis in the welfare professions. Moral stress refers to the strain that arises when the working conditions hinder living out what one professionally assesses is the right thing to do. Experiences of failure and powerlessness are thus involved. Based on an ongoing study, this article seeks to understand moral stress as a phenomenon in a daycare context. We argue that moral stress as a daycare phenomenon must consider the working conditions as more than just a framework, but something that interweaves with and into the professionals' experiences and feelings of being professional. Taking an entrance through the sociology of emotions, we show how different moral imperatives and emotional demands pull pedagogues and pedagogical leaders in contradictory directions and stretch them into different ambivalences.

Fredrik Thue

S. Babanov, M. Lysova

The purpose of the work is to study the levels of professional burnout among GPs and surgical physicians in a specialized hospital. Research materials and methods. The study included: group 1 — gastroenterologists (n=52 participants); group 2 — cardiologists (n=58 participants); group 3 — oncologists of therapeutic profile (n=48 participants); group 4 — general surgeons (n=71 participants); group 5 — cardiovascular surgeons (n=30 participants); group 6 — oncological surgeons (n=65 participants); group 7 — control group: employees of engineering, technical, and economic specialties not related to medical organizations (healthy) (n=75 participants). The assessment of the level of professional burnout among medical workers was carried out according to the method of diagnosing the level of professional burnout by V. V. Boyko (V. V. Boyko, 2008, 2015). Results. The professional activity of GPs and surgical physicians is associated with the impact of chronic occupational stress, leading to the development of professional burnout. Conclusion. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the severity of the phases among GPs and surgical physicians, as well as differences in specialization. These features of burnout in the groups of GPs and surgical physicians imply conducting diagnostic tests in these groups with different multiplicities. Knowledge of the differences in the severity of certain professional burnout indicators for different groups of GPs and surgical physicians, taking into account specialization, can be used in the preparation of a prevention program for professional burnout in doctors. The data also indicate that when identifying risk factors for an increase in the level of professional burnout among healthcare workers providing medical care in specialized hospitals, there is the need to use specialized rehabilitation measures for medical workers with relaxation techniques, art therapy, as well as professional adaptation programs, physiotherapeutic techniques, such as electrosleep and reflexology, and, if possible, resort treatment in health care centers, local sanatoriums, etc. with visits to psychotherapy offices, as well as psychopharmacological medications. The work was carried out in compliance with ethical standards that guarantee respect for all research subjects and the protection of their health and rights in accordance with the requirements of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (WMA) (64th General Assembly of the WMA, Fortaleza, Brazil, October 2013). The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on November 23, 2021.

S. Babanov, M. Lysova

The purpose of the work is to study the characteristics of professional burnout in general practitioners and surgeons of general and specialized profiles. The study included: Group 1 – gastroenterologists (n = 52 participants); Group 2 – cardiologists (n = 58 participants); Group 3 – oncologists of the therapeutic profile (n = 48 participants); Group 4 – general surgeons (n = 71 participants); Group 5 - cardiovascular surgeons (n = 30 participants); Group 6 – surgical oncologists (n = 65 participants); Group 7 – the control group – employees of engineering, technical, and economic profiles, not related to medical organizations (healthy) (n = 75). The assessment of the level of professional burnout in medical workers was carried out using the MBI method developed by K. Maslach and S. Jackson, as adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova. The obtained data indicate that when identifying risk factors for an increase in the level of professional burnout among healthcare workers providing medical care in general therapeutic, general surgical, and specialized hospitals, there is the need to use specialized rehabilitation measures for medical workers with relaxation techniques, art therapy, as well as professional adaptation programs, physiotherapeutic techniques, such as electrosleep and reflexology, and, if possible, resort treatment in health care centers, local sanatoriums, etc. with visits to psychotherapy offices, as well as psychopharmacological medications.

Venkat Ram Reddy Ganuthula, Krishna Kumar Balaraman

This perspective paper examines a fundamental paradox in the relationship between professional expertise and artificial intelligence: as domain experts increasingly collaborate with AI systems by externalizing their implicit knowledge, they potentially accelerate the automation of their own expertise. Through analysis of multiple professional contexts, we identify emerging patterns in human-AI collaboration and propose frameworks for professionals to navigate this evolving landscape. Drawing on research in knowledge management, expertise studies, human-computer interaction, and labor economics, we develop a nuanced understanding of how professional value may be preserved and transformed in an era of increasingly capable AI systems. Our analysis suggests that while the externalization of tacit knowledge presents certain risks to traditional professional roles, it also creates opportunities for the evolution of expertise and the emergence of new forms of professional value. We conclude with implications for professional education, organizational design, and policy development that can help ensure the codification of expert knowledge enhances rather than diminishes the value of human expertise.

Tania-Amanda Fredrick Eneye, Ashlesha Malla, Pawan Paudel

This study explores the relationship between LinkedIn profile characteristics and professional success, focusing on the indicators of promotions, follower count, and career progression rate. By leveraging a dataset of over 62,000 anonymized LinkedIn profiles, we developed predictive models using machine learning techniques to identify the most influential factors driving professional success. Results indicate that while promotions are highly predictable, follower growth exhibits greater complexity. This research provides actionable insights for professionals seeking to optimize their LinkedIn presence and career strategies.

Amr S. Mohamed, Emily Nguyen, Deepa Kundur

Amidst the growing demand for implementing advanced control and decision-making algorithms|to enhance the reliability, resilience, and stability of power systems|arises a crucial concern regarding the safety of employing machine learning techniques. While these methods can be applied to derive more optimal control decisions, they often lack safety assurances. This paper proposes a framework based on control barrier functions to facilitate safe learning and deployment of reinforcement learning agents for power system control applications, specifically in the context of automatic generation control. We develop the safety barriers and reinforcement learning framework necessary to establish trust in reinforcement learning as a safe option for automatic generation control - as foundation for future detailed verification and application studies.

Fredrik Thue

O. Andreeva, N. N. Vasyagina, K. A. Volodina

Introduction. The problem of professional ethics is discussed in various spheres of activity, in some spheres ethical codes that allow regulating the activities and behavior of an employee have been developed. Despite this, in the fi eld of education, in particular higher education, such a code has not been developed for university teachers. However, professional ethics is a marker of the level of professionalism of a teacher. The main goal of the research was to examine the peculiarities of students’ ideas about the professional ethics of a university teacher among students of pedagogical and psychological areas of training: to study the dynamics of these ideas from the first to the fourth course of study; determining differences in ideas about the professional ethics of a university teacher, taking into account their gender attribute (male teacher, female teacher). Materials and Methods. The main method of studying students’ ideas about the professional ethics of the teacher was the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was compiled on the basis of a study conducted by David E. Barrett, J. Elizabeth Casey, Ryan D. Visser, Kathy N. Headley on teachers’ ethical and unethical behavior. During the modification phase of the questionnaire, the focus group method was used. Statistical processing of data was performed using factor analysis methods and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The study sample consisted of 28 people, divided into 4 focus groups (teachers and students of various areas of training of Tyumen State University) at the stage of modification of the questionnaire and 80 people (students of the 1st and 4th years majoring in Pedagogical Education and Psychology of Tyumen State University) at the main research stage. Study results. As a result of the study, it was revealed that students have general ideas about the professional ethics of the teacher: when comparing two groups of students of pedagogical and psychological directions, minimal differences were revealed. The views on the most unacceptable behavior are grouped around the following topics: “Discrimination by the teacher for any characteristics”, “Humiliation and coercion, including sexually colored”, “Socially taboo behavior (profanity, intoxication, etc.)”, “Violations of ethics in relation to colleagues”. The most lenient students perceive the non-standard appearance of the teacher, informal behavior and violation of the rigid boundaries of the “student-teacher”. Students are generally more loyal to the teacher’s actions on social networks (less often they are marked as unacceptable). Students of the pedagogical direction are more strict, critical of the unethical behavior of the teacher, and students of the psychological direction are more tolerant. Students are more loyal to the behavior of a male teacher than to the behavior of a female teacher: if a male teacher is allowed to exhibit unethical behavior after hours, then it is strictly unacceptable for a female teacher to use behavior incompatible with teaching activities, both in the classroom and after hours (including in the space of social networks). Conclusion. The results support the hypothesis that students’ perceptions of different areas of training about professional ethics share a number of common characteristics based on basic (general social) ethical values; at the same time, the views of students formed as a result of training in various fi elds diff er from each other in accordance with the peculiarities of the profession and ethical principles formed in this particular direction. The research has practical value for higher education educators, allowing them to better understand their students’ expectations and build professional communication around those expectations. The results of the study can be used to develop professional development programs for teachers, including elements of professional ethics.

Fajri Koto

While knowledge evaluation in large language models has predominantly focused on academic subjects like math and physics, these assessments often fail to capture the practical demands of real-world professions. In this paper, we introduce IndoCareer, a dataset comprising 8,834 multiple-choice questions designed to evaluate performance in vocational and professional certification exams across various fields. With a focus on Indonesia, IndoCareer provides rich local contexts, spanning six key sectors: (1) healthcare, (2) insurance and finance, (3) creative and design, (4) tourism and hospitality, (5) education and training, and (6) law. Our comprehensive evaluation of 27 large language models shows that these models struggle particularly in fields with strong local contexts, such as insurance and finance. Additionally, while using the entire dataset, shuffling answer options generally maintains consistent evaluation results across models, but it introduces instability specifically in the insurance and finance sectors.

M. S. Chvanova, I. A. Kiseleva

Importance. The active digitalisation of the economy leads to the transformation of students’ professional and value orientations. The process is exacerbated with the development of new forms of their online socialisation and requires pedagogical management. In order to build adequate pedagogical technologies it is necessary to identify the most sensitive components and criteria for the transformation of students’ professional value orientations. Novelty lies in the fact that (using computer science students as an example) for the first time changing professional needs are presented, which are reflected in the results of complex analysis of communication on popular forums in IT sphere; on web-sites of professional communication and large IT-companies; communication on telegram channels of employees of world IT-industry leaders. It has been proved that the identified needs contribute to the formation of professional interest and involvement in professionally oriented practice. As evidence, the results of a social survey among IT students on the use of their professional communication on the Internet for real work are presented. Quantitative methods of collecting information were used to collect the data required for the study: analysis of documents, surveys, questionnaires. For the first time, the logic of forming emerging professional value orientations in the context of Internet socialisation and the unsustainability of the future world of professions is presented. Based on the identified value orientations, relevant criteria for assessing the transformation of professional and value orientations under conditions of Internet socialisation are substantiated. The assumed most transformation-sensitive elements of value orientations in this context are identified.Research Methods. To achieve the research goals, various methods were used, including the method of analyzing information sources, the method of questioning through the digital resource Google Forms. The experimental base for the pilot study was 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year students from universities in Tambov and Moscow, numbering 507 people aged 17 to 23 years.Results and Discussion. As a result of the study, criteria for assessing the transformation of the system of professional value orientations in the conditions of Internet socialization and instability of professions were identified and justified: the formation of values – relationships with the professional Internet community; formation of values – knowledge of digital technologies of professional activity and knowledge of the functionality of the Internet environment for solving professional problems; formation of values – goals of achieving a high level of fulfillment of professional needs in the Internet environment and confidence in self-realization in the future world of professions; the formation of values – the result of Internet socialization in a professional environment, satisfaction in achieving one’s professional needs; formation of value – the quality of rapid professional self-adaptation in the changing world of professions using the functionality of the Internet environment; formation of values – the ability to use Internet technologies and realize oneself in the profession.Conclusion. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that the most sensitive components of the transformation of value orientations may be values – relationships with the professional Internet community, as well as values – qualities characterized by rapid professional adaptation and selfadaptation in the changing world of professions using the functionality of the Internet environment.

Stephanie Kim Löbl

V. Korniat

The article analyzes and characterizes the peculiarities of the organization of practice in the process of professional training of social work specialists in higher education institutions. It is determined that the process of professional training of any specialist is a reflection of changes and changes in society. High-quality professional training of social specialists also contributes to the establishment of the profession itself, and the competence of the specialist affects the effectiveness of social work. The essence of practice as the main component of professionalism, personal and professional growth of the future specialist in the social sphere is considered. Difficulties in organizing the internship are emphasized (lack of a social worker as a specialist or lack of appropriate professional education, unclear definition of his professional responsibilities, inconsistency of the general activities of the social institution and the content of the social worker's professional activities, unwillingness to hire students). Forms and methods of working with students at the stage of choosing the base of practice (meetings-presentations in the institution councils, independent work, volunteering) are offered. The basic principles of organization of practice are defined and characterized (feedback of theoretical training and practice, consistency, continuity, dynamism, field functionality, perspective, freedom of choice, cooperation). Further prospects of research of use of various organizational forms for formation of professional competence of experts of social sphere, in particular its practical component are offered.

A. Brekhunets, O. Honcharenko

The actualization of scientists' attention to the axiological problems of education is connected with the understanding that positive changes in society indirectly depend on the same changes in the education system. The main criterion of these changes in education is the training of future teachers from the standpoint of awareness of the realities of the modern world. The value orientations of the individual are diverse and depend, on the one hand, on the content of the values, chosen by the individual, on the other – on the degree of assimilation of these values. Universal values are at the heart of the value orientations of the individual, and a future teacher, as a representative of society, must have an appropriate orientation to them. After all, a special role in the general system of professional training of future teachers is given to pedagogical practice, because, as we know, the most successful formation of the personality of the specialist occurs in activities close to her/his future profession. Therefore, today the most important task of teaching and extracurricular in higher education is the formation of a system of value orientations of the future teacher; this will create a basis for enriching the inner spiritual potential of applicants in the higher education system. The purpose of the article is the process of formation of professional and value orientations of future teachers of technology during a pedagogical practice. The research methods. In the course of the research general scientific and pedagogical research methods were used: theoretical: analysis (comparative, systemic, inductive, deductive); synthesis (general scientific, interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary); classification, systematization, generalization; empirical: studying the results of students' activities by analyzing student documentation on pedagogical practice. The results and discussion. The process of formation of professional and value orientations of future teachers in the conditions of their psychological and pedagogical training is considered. At the same time, such an aspect of professional and practical training of future specialists as the importance of the pedagogical practice influence on the process of formation of their professional and value orientations is insufficiently studied. The essence of pedagogical practice is the application by students of psychological-pedagogical and special-methodical theoretical knowledge in the real conditions of the educational process and extracurricular and mastering the methods of professional and pedagogical activities on this basis. Practical training includes all types of practices and is an integral part of the training of future technology teachers. The practical component of the educational process in higher education, namely the specialty «Secondary Education (Labor Education and Technology)», is carried out on a thorough theoretical basis, which in turn consists of psychological and pedagogical, methodological and special disciplines. Conclusions. It was found that an important condition for the professional development of future teachers of technology is the formation of values in teaching, and changes in the value orientations of student youth require revision and introduction of new forms and methods of work in higher education. The essence of the concept of «pedagogical practice» as a component of professional training of future teachers, which complements and enriches the theoretical training of applicants, creates opportunities for consolidation and deepening of knowledge, use of theoretical principles of professional disciplines to solve practical problems. The main aspects, structure and factors of pedagogical practice are studied, its functions are characterized.

O. Torychnii, E. Denysenko

The article substantiates the role and place of scientific-research competence in the system of military-professional education of future officers. The essence of military-professional competence following the goals, tasks, and nature of the military activity as an integrative characteristic of future officers is determined, which is a set of professionally crucial qualities, the ability, and readiness to solve professional problems and tasks that arise in real situations of the military profession, using knowledge, skills, abilities, professional and life experience, values and culture. The list of general competencies in the system of military-professional education of future officers in military higher educational institutions (instrumental, interpersonal, research, intellectual, professional-practical, information-communication) is given. The interpretation of the concept of «scientific-research competence» from the positions of systemic, knowledge-operational, procedural-technological, functional-activity, and competence approaches is analyzed. The features of the components of the scientific and research competence of future officers have been singled out and systematized: motivational-value, cognitive, personal, and activity-operational. Conclusions were made regarding the possibility of considering the process of forming future officers’ scientific and research competence in the direction of a holistic educational result. The involvement of cadets in practical and fundamental research will allow them to learn the forms and methods of independent work with scientific literature, deepen the content of educational disciplines of various purposes, and develop creative skills in solving complex professional tasks.

A. Volnuhin, E. Samokhina, M. V. Andrievsky et al.

The feminization and middle age decreasing in general practitioner profession is a worldwide trend.Purpose of the study is to explore gender and age structure, professional characteristics of general practitioners in Moscow.The retrospective analysis of personal records of students of the Chair of General Medical Practice of the Institute of Professional Education of the The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University trained from 2016 to 2020 (n = 400).It is established that women made 80.5% out of them. The average age was 50.7 ± 0.7 years; average general professional experience - 28.8 ± 0.8 years, in general medical practice - 9.7 ± 0.3 years. The internship/residency in therapy was graduated by 84.2% of students. Up to 96.3% worked in state medical organizations. The majority (97.0%) had no academic degree. Indicators with positive dynamics: share of women, physicians with internship/residency in therapy, employees of state medical organizations, without an academic degree. Indicators with negative dynamics: age, professional experience. Differences between men and women were established for residency and professional experience in general medical practice.The average social and professional portrait of general practitioner in Moscow: woman 50 years old graduated internship/residency in therapy, professional experience of more than 20 years, with professional retraining about 10 years ago, working in state medical organization, no academic degree.The activities were proposed considering gender and age specifics, professional characteristics of general practitioners, directed to increasing efficiency and comfort of training.

Oxana Teregulova, E. Baeva

The problem of professional formation of personality interested representatives of various fields of sciences: sociology, psychology, pedagogy. The impetus for the study of the personality of police officers and their professional qualities, as well as students in departmental educational organizations was the creation of a psychological service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The process of studying the psychological characteristics of the professionogram of various departments of the Department of Internal Affairs is still relevant at the present time in conditions of rapidly changing social, political and economic conditions. The article examines the features of professional activity, the tasks facing the juvenile affairs units, as well as the personal qualities of PD employees who help them effectively perform the tasks assigned to them. With the help of a 16-factor Kettell questionnaire, psychological professionally important qualities that meet the requirements of the profession, their features and impact on professional activity were identified. A combination of general, special and individual qualities necessary for the successful performance of their functions, namely sociability, emotional stability, responsibility, rationality, practicality, conservativeness, willpower and concentration, the concepts of "social security", cohesion, preparedness, organization, etc. are studied in the complex of professionally important qualities of employees of juvenile affairs units. manageability and openness of the team.