Abstract In April 1929, the French authorities in Algeria commissioned a “general survey of the native female workforce,” as part of broader reforms in vocational education and handicrafts policy. Drawing on a wide range of administrative and missionary sources, this article traces the origin and implementation of the survey, showing how Algerian women’s work was made visible, classifiable, and governable in the service of colonial economic and ideological goals. It argues that cultural and statistical representations of Algerian women defined the forms and conditions of their integration into state-sponsored handicrafts, specifically through the promotion of home-based labor. It also explores how the data were shaped by the practices, interpretations, and agendas of the men and women who requested, collected, formatted, and transmitted them. Situating the survey within longer standing practices of quantification, this article shows how Algeria functioned as a colonial laboratory for experimenting with new categories aimed at transforming women into human resources in the service of colonial mise en valeur . After outlining the political goals of the survey in the 1920s, this article examines the measurement criteria used, which reveal the difficulty of capturing forms of work that blur the boundaries between home-based labor and wage labor. It then reconstructs the chain of information production, highlighting the political and personal factors underlying it, as well as the intermediaries on whom administrators relied. Finally, it turns to one of these actors, the missionary congregation of the White Sisters, whose private archives offer valuable insight into everyday practices of quantification.
Niels van Doorn, Niels Beerepoot, Meg Kitamura
et al.
This article reports on a Roundtable Workshop organised to reflect on the continuities and changes in the geographically variegated development of the gig economy and to assess the state of the art in gig economy research. The workshop brought to light how, despite growing academic attention over the past decade, gig economy research still grapples with a number of blind spots that deter advancements in the field. The main contribution of the workshop was to stage a debate on how these theoretical and methodological blind spots may be overcome and to sketch an innovative research agenda that can push the field ahead in its second decade.
El artículo profundiza en la relación entre historia, patrimonio y memoria, con sus respectivos tratamientos del pasado, ante el fenómeno de la desindustrialización en España durante el último medio siglo. Atento principalmente a la población trabajadora de las comarcas de tradición industrial, se detiene en algunas lagunas de conocimiento. Plantea la posibilidad de argumentar el reconocimiento de la clase obrera como patrimonio industrial inmaterial.
Idalmis Acosta Pérez , Fernando Marrero Delgado , José Ángel Espinosa Acosta
et al.
Introducción: La inclusión de la gestión de riesgos de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en la planificación estratégica constituye una herramienta necesaria para que la organización pueda anticiparse y mitigar posibles amenazas e identificar oportunidades para el crecimiento y la mejora continua.
Objetivo: Diseñar un procedimiento, científicamente fundamentado, que permita la inclusión de la gestión de riesgos de Seguridad y Salud dentro de la proyección estratégica, en aras de mejorar el sistema de gestión y por ende, el entorno laboral y las condiciones de trabajo.
Métodos: Incluyó el diseño de un procedimiento para la gestión estratégica de los riesgos de Seguridad y Salud, con una secuencia lógica de cuatro fases, que incluye métodos empíricos como el criterio de expertos y revisión de la documentación legal en materia de gestión de riesgo. Además, el procedimiento contiene pasos para la realización de un diagnostico estratégico donde se definen la política y la filosofía en materia de gestión de riesgos, se identifican los riesgos y se evalúan según la severidad, ocurrencia y detectatibilidad, para luego calcular el Nivel del Prioridad del Riesgo (NPR).
Resultados: Se logró la inclusión de los riesgos de Seguridad y Salud desde la planificación estratégica, además, se conoce el Nivel de Percepción de Convergencia Estratégica en la Gestión de Riesgos de SST (NCERSST).
Conclusiones: El procedimiento diseñado permitirá identificar las principales debilidades que presenta la organización relacionada con la gestión estratégica de sus riesgos
Introduction: The inclusion of Occupational Health and Safety risk management in strategic planning constitutes a necessary tool so that the organization can anticipate and mitigate possible threats and identify opportunities for growth and continuous improvement.
Objective: To design a scientifically based procedure, which allows the inclusion of Health and Safety risk management within the strategic projection, in order to improve the management system and therefore, the work environment and the working conditions.
Methods: Included the design of a procedure for the strategic management of Health and Safety risks, with a logical sequence of four phases, which includes empirical methods such as expert judgment and review of legal documentation on risk management. In addition, the procedure includes steps to carry out a strategic diagnosis where the policy and philosophy regarding risk management are defined, risks are identified and evaluated according to severity, occurrence and detectability, and then calculate the Priority Level of Risk (PLR).
Results: The inclusion of Health and Safety risks is achieved from the strategic planning, in addition, the Level of Perception of Strategic Convergence in (Security and health at work) Risk Management (NCERSST) is known.
Conclusions: The designed procedure will allow identifying the main weaknesses that the organization presents related to the strategic management of its risks
Medicine (General), Industrial hygiene. Industrial welfare
Reseña de Jacinto Cerdá, Negras tormentas. La FORA anarquista en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (1930-1943), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Grupo Editor Universitario, 2023, 133 pgs.
1789-, Labor in politics. Political activity of the working class
O texto analisa a contribuição do livro "Lula e a política da astúcia: de metalúrgico a presidente do Brasil", de John French à historiografia brasileira
In many ways, the vast industrial complexes that developed on the Central African Copperbelt and the Fushun coalfields in the early twentieth century were very different places. One on a high plateau stretched out across the border between what is now Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia with a sub-tropical climate; the other on the rolling foothills of Changbai Mountains in what is now Liaoning Province, northeastern China, with a humid continental climate. Yet anyone who visited either of these places would immediately and unavoidably have become aware of a basic fact about both: that racial hierarchies governed life and work on the mines. This article is about that basic fact, and in it we aim to make a two-fold contribution: First, it is a comparative history of mining regions, which, although it might seem an area of study ripe for comparison, is seldom undertaken. Second, through this comparison to argue that the prevalence and significance of race as a way of organizing life and work in the mining industry has been underestimated. We support this claim with an overview of production and everyday life in two seemingly very different mining regions: the Fushun coalfields and the Central African Copperbelt (see figure 1).
Background: The coordinated and combined movement of 2 parts gleno-humeral to 1 part of scapulo-thoracic movement adds to normal shoulder elevation range. It was later accepted as 2:1 ratio between Gleno-humeral elevation and scapulo-thoracic upward rotation and this kinematics interaction is known as “scapulo-humeral rhythm”. Along with many other techniques to improve shoulder range of motion the scapulothoracic mobilizations are helpful specially in improving external rotation of shoulder.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of scapular mobilizations in improving external rotation range of motion (ROM) in frozen shoulder
Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted in physiotherapy department- Ittefaq hospital, Lahore which was carried out over a period of 6 months from approval of synopsis. 51 patients of age 35 to 65 years with symptoms of frozen shoulder from at least 3-4 months were included in this study. Patients with any surgical history, trauma or psychological conditions were excluded from the study. A semi structured questionnaire was administered and pre-treatment and post treatment were recorded and documented by the physical therapist.
Results: The results show that external rotation (ER) after scapulothoracic mobilizations improved, with mean value before treatment recorded to be 43.4314 degrees with S.D 11.067 degrees and 83.6863 degrees with S.D 12.394 degrees post treatment. Wilcoxen Sign Rank test showed significant different between the two measurements.
Conclusion: Patients had their external rotation range of motion improved after sessions of scapulothoracic mobilizations sessions provided by the physical therapist, thereby improving the functional outcomes of patients.
Keywords: External rotation; Frozen shoulder, Scapulothoracic mobilization
Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy
El artículo tiene por objetivo reconstruir las actividades políticas y gremiales desarrolladas por el dirigente chileno Luis E. Recabarren en el Partido Socialista y en el movimiento obrero argentino, durante su residencia en Buenos Aires, entre 1906 y 1908. Recabarren gozó de un seguimiento de La Vanguardia por su importante trayectoria en el movimiento obrero chileno entre 1904 y 1906. Al autoexiliarse en la Argentina, sus objetivos eran estudiar en profundidad la doctrina socialista, conocer la estructura y organización del PS, su actividad política y su inserción en el movimiento obrero y, a través de esta experiencia, vincular al movimiento obrero chileno con el movimiento socialista internacional.
1789-, Labor in politics. Political activity of the working class
Movidos por el suceso epidemiológico actual, el covid-19, y los resquebrajamientos económicos a los que asistimos, en este estudio nos interrogamos por el impacto que supuso la pandemia más cruenta del siglo XX sobre la economía y las condiciones de trabajo en Argentina: la gripe española. Esta aproximación, llevada a cabo mediante una metodología cualitativa anclada en la hermenéutica, se asienta en el estudio de fuentes periodísticas y testimonios médicos de época. A partir de ellos pretendemos mostrar cómo el advenimiento de la dolencia – cristalizado en dos grandes oleadas – sacudió las estructuras económicas y productivas de diferentes regiones del país, generando lógicas laborales particulares.
<p>El envejecimiento de la población mundial y la cuestión de la dependencia en la vejez son dos desafíos sociales importantes que conducen a la creación de nuevos empleos, trabajos y profesiones. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el modo en que está siendo constituida la profesión de cuidador de personas mayores en el Brasil. Con base en un análisis del contenido del Proyecto de Ley 4702/2012 (sobre el ejercicio de la profesión de cuidador de personas mayores), abordando entrevis-tas en profundidad con estos cuidadores, con estudiosos del tema y con militantes del derecho de los cuidadores, el artículo explora las arenas de conflictos generadas en la construcción del cuidador de personas mayores como profesión.</p><p><em>Arenas of conflict in the professionalization of elderly care in Brazil</em></p><p><em>The aging of the world-wide population and the question of dependency in old age are two important social challenges which lead to the creation of new occupations, jobs and professions. The aim of this article is analyze to way in which the profes-sion of «elderly caregiver» is being shaped in Brazil. Based on a content analysis of the Bill 4702/2012 (on the exercise of elder caregiver profession); intense interviews with caregivers, experts and activists on caregivers rights, the article explores the arenas of conflict over the construction of elderly caregivers as a profession.</em></p>
The exercise of reading reflective data coming from training activities with educators who work in prison schools guides the arguments and propositions of this paper, to broaden the aim in the field of teacher training. Being a teacher in the context of deprivation of liberty is to work with diversity, fear, facing tense situations of the criminal world and bet on humans – these skills require very different learnings from those offered in initial training. The prison setting is unique: it features needs from the students’ school life, their social and cultural histories, alongside issues relating to violence and crime – this context has specific characteristics that emphasize the relevance of continuous training. The analysis of reflective data, from field diaries, teachers’ reports, participant observation, conversation rounds, indicate that the teacher should promote educational situations beyond school curriculum, which rescue students for the historical dimension in the present, and the wishes and dreams in the future. Therefore, the principles of continuous training – learning collaboratively with peers, knowing the context, collectively solving problem situations, sharing successes and failures, taking the risk of innovation, participating in the design of educational policies – are the tools that can guide the improvements of school education in prisons.
___
O exercício de leitura de dados reflexivos advindos de atividades formativas com educadores que atuam em escolas nas prisões norteia as argumentações e as proposições deste artigo, com vistas a ampliar a mirada no campo da formação de professores. Ser professor nos contextos de privação de liberdade é trabalhar com a diversidade, o medo, enfrentar as situações tensas do mundo do crime e apostar no ser humano – essas habilidades exigem aprendizagens de outra natureza, diferentes daquelas oferecidas na formação inicial. O cenário da prisão é singular, apresenta necessidades advindas da trajetória escolar dos estudantes, sua história social e cultural, ao lado de questões vinculadas à violência e ao delito – esse contexto tem especificidades que enfatizam a relevância da formação continuada. A análise dos dados reflexivos advindos de anotações em diários de campo, relatos de professores, observação participante, rodas de conversa indica que cabe ao professor promover situações educativas para além dos conteúdos escolares, que resgatem nos estudantes a dimensão histórica no presente e os desejos e os sonhos do futuro. Para tanto, os princípios da formação permanente – aprender de forma colaborativa com os pares, conhecer o contexto, resolver as situações-problema coletivamente, compartilhar sucessos e fracassos, assumir o risco da inovação, participar no desenho das políticas educativas – constituem ferramentas que podem balizar a melhoria da educação escolar nas prisões.
Special aspects of education, Labor. Work. Working class
The aim of the article is, on the one hand, to analyze the content and scope of fundamental right to the protection of personal data, provided by art. 18.4 of the Spanish Constitution; on the other, to decline this right in the context of the employment relationship starting from the interpretation given by the Spanish Constitutional Court in judgment no. 39/2016. The contrast between this right and the freedom of enterprise, which is realized in the power of organization, control and supervision of work performance, is resolved by the Constitutional Court in the light of the principles of proportionality, suitability and necessity. The outcome of the balancing leads the Constitutional Court to establish the prevalence of the entrepreneurial freedom on the right to privacy of the employee.
AbstractThis article analyzes household workers’ discursive strategies before the Tribunal of Domestic Work (TDW) between 1956 and 2013. The TDW is an institution created in 1956 to arbitrate labor relations within domestic service in Buenos Aires. This article shows that workers’ strategies use alternatively a language of rationality and labor relations on the one hand, and of affection and family-like bonds on the other. The overlap of languages of rationality and affection persisted during the entire period under analysis. However, it did not have the same significance over time. Specific articulations of affect or rationality legitimated workers’ rights at different moments in relation to particular labor relations. Based on a close reading of more than 800 case records, the article shows that, despite the particularities of any individual cases, patterns of argument emerged, connected to changes in the world of labor and transformations in the dynamics of domestic service.
After acquainting themselves with Nicolas Frize, a contemporary music composer working out of an artist’s residence, the two filmmakers use this setting to make a film about industrial employment in PSA Peugeot-Citroën’s Saint-Ouen stamping plant near Paris. They get the workers to say how they really feel about their work and the images that are commonly associated with it. These scenes are then mixed with others showing the composer recording music in the factory; concert rehearsals (in which the workers also participate); and factory workshops. The combination of these scenes stages a dialogue between music and industrial labour, without any attempt being made to soften the reality or difficulties of the work in question. The interviews featured in this movie will be of particular interest to film sociologists since they highlight the kinds of problems that cinematographers face when making a movie about work—while also suggesting ways to overcome these obstacles.
Este texto trata-se de um relato elaborado a partir de um projeto de extensão, cujo objetivo foi apresentar a alunos do ensino fundamental de uma escola de Diamantina-MG os sistemas morfológicos do corpo humano, correlacionando-os a temas ligados à saúde, hábitos saudáveis e prevenção de doenças. Inicialmente, foi realizado um breve histórico a respeito da Anatomia Humana, bem como a conceituação de educação em saúde. Em seguida, aplicou-se um questionário específico aos sujeitos da pesquisa, o qual direcionou os conteúdos morfológicos que seriam abordados. Em seguida, foram desenvolvidas atividades teóricas e práticas com enfoque nos assuntos ora propostos, no âmbito do Laboratório de Anatomia da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), fornecendo aos participantes uma maior abordagem em ações educativas e preventivas pertinentes ao seu cotidiano. Observou-se que a atividade prática associada ao conteúdo teórico facilitou o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Quando acrescido o conhecimento sobre danos e ações preventivas, juntamente ao da educação em saúde, minimizou-se a ideia de não vulnerabilidade que os adolescentes possuem. Ainda, espera-se que atividades educativas nesta fase do desenvolvimento dos alunos envolvidos na pesquisa possam trazer benefícios futuros a sua saúde.
Social Sciences, Labor in politics. Political activity of the working class