Introduction
Following the pandemic, we can find many new communication situations. Social relationships have changed a lot and are developing differently due to digital development, new lifestyles, and the effects of COVID-19. These components: social media, the transformation of interpersonal relationships, and the use of the platforms provided by the internet can lead to addictive disorders as risk factors.
Objectives
In this presentation, we review studies investigating the relationship between the new digital techniques, social connection, and communication development of adults with addictive disorders. We attempt to provide a summary of new theories and the areas currently being researched around the topic. Another aim of our research is to present the new drama-based therapy theories and methods in adults with addictive disorders.
Methods
To learn about recent international results, we conducted a literature search in 3 databases (PubMed, Medline, Web of Science) using the following keywords: drama therapy, addiction, emotion regulation, and adults, over the past 5 years. Empirical journal articles in English were used to prepare the literature review. Exclusion criteria were: the appearance publication before the year 2017 and the adolescent population.
Results
Changes in social behavior, emotion regulation, and addictive disorder were correlated. The studies examined social communications and loneliness in primarily cross-sectional studies design. The escapism from interpersonal relations and low self-esteem is the highest motivation to start regular videogame playing or using social media without control which becomes an addictive disorder.
Conclusions
Problematic social media use and changes in social connection threaten adults’ mental health. The diagnosis of emotion dysregulation, low self-esteem, and social disconnection is the detection of risk factors for addictive disorders. The new methods and tools of drama-based therapy are new prevention possibilities for these risk factors. In this way, it is a relevant issue in the field of education science.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Safety on a psychological level is progressively renowned as fundamental to mental health issues and
psychological well-being. The concept of feeling safe based on polyvagal theory, proposed by Stephen Porges
(2011), has emerged as a comprehensive structure for understanding the autonomic nervous system's role in
regulating social behavior, emotional processing, and physiological reactions. This review aims to explore the
application of polyvagal theory in the understanding of psychiatric disorders, with a focus on how autonomic
nervous system dysregulation influences emotional and behavioral manifestations, thereby contributing to the
development of effective therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing feelings of safety and well-being in the
patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. The systematic literature review technique based on the PRISMA
model was used for this purpose. Sources were obtained through PubMed, APA PsycArticles, PLOS, Research
Gate, Google Scholar, and PubMed Central (PMC) database, using different keywords as the primary descriptor
and limiting the sources to English-language articles published in the last ten years from 2013 to 2023. The
review synthesized findings from various studies investigating the association between the polyvagal theory
and psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder, and childhood disorders including conduct disorder, attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The results exhibit that individual
suffering from these psychiatric disorders frequently displayed autonomic nervous system dysregulation, as
proposed by the polyvagal theory, which seems to be a shared feature in many psychiatric disorders. The
systematic review highlighted the significance of physiological aspects of mental health and indicates that
interventions focusing on autonomic regulation may hold the potential to assuage the basic symptoms relevant
to psychiatric disorders. Additional research work is defensible to clarify the primary mechanisms and improve
the implication of interventions which are based on polyvagal theory for better clinical outcomes.
Farah Fadilah Hasyim,1 Hari Setyowibowo,2 Fredrick Dermawan Purba2 1Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Farah Fadilah Hasyim, Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia, Tel +62895803776130, Email farah22009@mail.unpad.ac.idAbstract: In this review, the causes of the Quarter Life Crisis, a prevalent phenomenon in emerging adulthood, was evaluated. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was used for this research’s systematic review. We browsed a variety of academic studies that had been published in English language, published in PubMed, Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, and Semantic Scholars that examine quarter life crisis. The literature search generated a total of 3100 publications. After removing duplicates and screening titles, abstracts, and full-text evaluation, there were 14 articles were included in the final analysis. The results were validated and examined. There were internal and external factors impacting quarter life crisis. The most powerful internal influences were commitment to purpose, spirituality, and anxiety. Meanwhile, social support, age, and gender were the most important external influences.Keywords: quarter life crisis, early adulthood, systematic literature review
Introduction
The factor of textual coherence and sentence relation are divided into three categories according to Halliday and Hasan:
A) Lexical factor: including repetition, synergy and semantic domains.
B) Grammatical factors: including referral, replacement and deletion.
C) Connective factors: including conjunctions (Yahaghi and Fallahi, 2011, p. 331).
New linguists, in the course of their early studies, have relied only on the description of less linguistic units and have not paid attention to the study and analysis of disciplines beyond such as in the critique of these research approaches (De bougrand and Dressler, 1981, p. 21). Gradually, with the development of linguistic research and the development of new theories, Noam Chamsky's rotational method, became a concept between sentences, and the basic need for study was concentrated within the organization of the text so that the text could be studied by linguists as a larger linguistic unit. (Ibid 104-130).
As a result, it led to the discovery of semantic relationships between elements of language which arise from the function of elements of coherence in the text.
Methodology
Since from the end of 20th century, a more detailed study of speech has been opened especially with patterns such as the pattern of cohesion and on the other hand, Khaghani in Persian poetry is a symbol of the strength and stability of poetic speech in the form of Ode.
One should examine to see if the pattern of coherence confirms the coherence of Khaghani's speech. In the prevalence of some fascinations, it seems necessary to see and explore the magnificent Persian text from new perspectives in order to show their originality' strength and coherence.
Discussion
In 1976 Halliday and Hasan divided English text cohesion tools into three categories: Grammatical tools including “referral”, “substitution” and “deletion”. Link tools including conjunctions; and lexical tools including repetition. In 1985 they expanded this division into another joint work.
It is the coherence consistency and integrity of the text that keeps the components of the text together; That is the meaning of lexical units within each sentence depends on the other units within the same sentence (Taki, 1999, p.73-81).
Text coherence refers to the set of links and relationships that exist between the components of the text. These links and relationships distinguish the text from randomly stacked sentences and turn it into a coherent whole (Lotfipur, 1995, p. 110). Vocabulary coherence based on the relationship that lexical units of language have with each other in terms of the content of their meanings and the text trough these relationships can be continuous and coherent (Mohajer & Nabavi, 2014, p. 64). Word has no meaning in isolation. The meaning of a simple or compound word is related to other words in the language. The main task of semantics is the clarify words and determine these semantic relations (Tarask, 2001, p. 18).
Recursion has the highest value among the elements of other words and increase the musical level of the poem, the stability of the words, the unity of the subject or the embodiment images and poetic emotions and feelings and the single theme and solidarity of the verses and connect them with chains (yavari, 2000). Recursion comes in several forms: repetition, contradiction, semantic inclusion, synonym.
One of the factors of the lexical coherence in the text is the factor for repetition. According to Halliday, repetition is the most obvious type of lexical coherence. The cohesive factor of repetition includes all morphological construction of a word (yavari, 2018, p. 163-192).
In Khaghni's view like the formalists, the word has a special importance to the extent that various literary techniques such as: prosody, repetition of sounds, repetition of syllable in words, etc. As a tool to draw the reader's attentions to the word element (Alavi Moghaddam, 1995). The thirst for word choice is clearly evident in Khaghani's words (Tajlil & Musavi, 2014).
In this Khaghani's poem, 41 words are repeated more than once. The most commonly used word is morning (It is the most frequent word in this poem). Khaghani has been called the poet of morning. Maybe that is why he pays attention to the morning and sunrise in his poems.
Conclusion
Contemporary patterns in literary studies are clearly arguments for commenting on literary topics. One of these models is the model of Halliday and Hasan cohesion, which was reviewed by Hasan sometime after its publication and was finally presented by Halliday and Hasan shortly after. For decades, formal studies based on this model have become increasingly important. On the other hand, the importance and success of Khaghani in Persian has always been raised. In this research, using the evolved theory of coherence of Halliday and Hasan (1985) in role-oriented linguistics; analysis, coherence and continuity in verses of Khaghani's poem have been done to determine how the semantic connection of cohesive chains has been realized in this poem.
According to this theory, the coherence of the relations between elements is the constructor of the text, but it is not enough just to achieve the coherence factors in the texts; rather after showing these factors, it is necessary to examine the coherence of the text, based on coherence coordination. This study, following the achievement of coherence of the factors and coherence of the text of the poem, led to the conclusion that Khaghani's verses have a high coherence according to Halliday model. Although the strength of the structure of Khaghani's poetry does not need to be confirmed by such models but it is a conclusive argument and a valid argument that shows that the patterns favored by modern scholars also confirm the coherence of the words of the greats of Persian literature.
According to the collected analysis materials, the following contents were obtained. Repetition and reference have the highest frequency in the issue of coherence of Khaghni's logic poem. In the topic of repetition, the highest frequency of words, revolved around the following axes:
Topics related to religion: God, Guidance, Baggage, futurity, Clerics.
Topics related to nature: Morning, sky, night, sun, moon.
3.Vocabulary related to war: Cousin, dagger, armor, razor, ring, punch, kidnapping.
4.Topics related to clothing: Cloaks, robes, masks, hats.
It is as if Khaghani wants to sing the epic of the sultan of religion instead of the epic of sultan of the time and show us a deep alternative. In this axis, he combines all the elements of nature to achieve his goal. The method of Haliday and Hasan in the Latin articles that are available and in the Persian articles that have been published in prestigious academic journals in the last 35 years is the first case study- Khaghani's poem- is translated into text and then into words. and are checked. This method is very accurate in this regard and according to this model, we can speak with certainty about the coherence of Khaghani's speech.
Also, in response to the questions of expression of the problem, it was found that new patterns for examining the ancient texts are not prohibited and there is no problem and the firmness of Khaghani's speech, which is clear for Persian literature elites, was proved by this pattern. It was also answered that the use of modern patterns is not a problem for the study of ancient texts. This pattern which has good accuracy and detail, is suitable for the study of Khaghani's poem.
Organizational behaviour, change and effectiveness. Corporate culture, Fine Arts
A 55-year-old healthy lady underwent left side PCNL for a 1.5cm upper ureteric stone. The surgery was straightforward, and the stone was removed by pneumatic lithotripsy. We diagnosed bowel perforation while we were withdrawing the scope at the end of the procedure. Subsequently, she underwent exploratory laparotomy and jejunal perforation was identified, which was repaired primarily. To our knowledge, there were few similar case scenarios in the English literature, therefore we are sharing our experience on diagnosis and management of bowel perforation during PCNLs.
This study investigated Theology students’ Foreign Language Reading Anxiety (FLRA) and the relationship between their FLRA and their reading achievement. A number of 63 Theology students participated in this quantitative study. A questionnaire developed by Saito et al. (1999) was used in obtaining the data for the study. The study was conducted to fill the void in the literature on the scarcity of empirical research on FLRA in the Indonesian English for Specific Purpose (ESP) context, especially among Theology students who were required to read a lot of English text and thus were very likely susceptible to experience reading anxiety. The study found that in general, the students experienced a medium level of FLRA. Low self-perceived reading competence and the unfamiliar topic of reading passages were reported to be attributed to higher FLRA levels whilst the formation of reading habits, reading exposure, and reading strategies were believed to reduce reading anxiety. This study further found a statistically significant negative correlation between the students’ FLRA and their reading achievement, albeit the strength being weak. This finding suggested that students’ FLRA could be a factor hampering learning. The present study’s specific finding on the possible positive impacts of reading strategies and the duration of reading exposure may indicate the urgency to incorporate these two aspects in the instructional design of English reading classes. Based on the findings, contributions, limitations, and suggested future studies were formulated.
For college students, mastering foreign language such as English brings profitable for their career. Producing the language decently such as the ability of writing in English is one of the output in the language acquisition. In this study, non-English students in the end of their study were chosen as they’ve completed English courses. Moreover, the students were finishing their final project, definitely including the English abstract. Based on their learning experience, the writing process of English abstract showed indirectly their language ability. Regarding with, this study aims at finding whether the students have any learning progress during their study in the college. Additionally, not only the learners’ motivation but also their learning habit, their confidence, and the learning facility during learning English were questioned in this study. The students completing their final project at the certain time were interviewed towards their learning language habits particularly in writing. The data collected were transcribed, analyzed and interpreted qualitatively. The results show that 77.3% of the students felt they have more progress during the target language instruction. Furthermore, 50% of the students believe in stating English on text though they confessed they (68.2%) have lack of English practicing at home. The students’ positive attitudes presented due to their motivation in learning the language. The findings also indicated that all students (100%) believed that their teacher or lecturer motivates them to practicing writing English.
Se’era May Anstruther, Erin Barbour-Tuck, Hassan Vatanparast
Introduction: Early childhood overweight and obesity, as a result of unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary life, is a growing global public health concern, particularly in Canada. There are limited data on how socioeconomic factors influence dietary habits of young children living in developed countries. Methods: We conducted a scoping review to examine the existing literature on how socioeconomic settings influence food consumption patterns of children 2–5 years old in developed countries. The inclusion criteria were relevant articles in the English language between 2007 and 2019. Results: From the initial 1854 articles, only 12 articles from Europe, Canada, and the United States met the inclusion criteria. There are differences in eating patterns of preschool-aged children based on parental education, whereas income level did not have a clear influence on dietary patterns. The existing studies suffer from a variety of limitations that limit a cohesive conclusion. Conclusion: Studies with children 2–5 years old are scarce. Parental education seems to influence the dietary habits of young children, whereas the role of income is not clear. There is a need for further high-quality research, preferably longitudinal studies, to inform health promotion initiatives and preventive strategies to facilitate healthy growth and development in young children.
In The Testaments, Margaret Atwood takes readers deeper into her dystopian world of Gilead, also through the imagery of food and eating. The oppressive patriarchal regime enforces its power through dietary restrictions, reducing women into edibles. The Testaments (2019), moreover, creates the impression of a highly individual and authentic narratorial perspective. Thus, Atwood’s characters’ daily lives in a nightmarish theocracy are illustrated with images of dystopian food that reflect the limitations, constant control, and abuse of human rights in the Republic of Gilead. This article explores how Atwood employs the literary form of testimony to create fragments of individual lives in a dystopia brought closer to us through food metaphors and metaphors of cooking, or rendered shocking through metaphors of cannibalism. Since food (and lack of food) has emotional as well as political significance, it pervades the testimonial literature of oppressive regimes.
In “Borderlands/La Frontera” (1987), Gloria Anzaldúa writes about the “tradition of long walks” (11) across physical and imaginary borders, which defines her Mexican-American people. The borderland is both a space of transit and a state of transition from where the Chicanos venture into unknown territories. Their identity is constructed around and across space(s). In this paper, I seek to examine the Chicanos’ fluid spatial identity in their searches for a real home, in Pat Mora’s “House of Houses”, Sandra Cisneros’ “The House on Mango Street”, Gloria Anzaldúa’s “Borderlands/La Frontera”. I argue that in these literary and autobiographical works, the cosy domestic home is impossible to find because of constant displacement and imposed mobility.
Sara Mansouri, Bahram Hadian, Omid Tabatabaei
et al.
Inspired by the concept of organizational knowledge, this research intended to analyze a corpus of 180 writing performances of two tasks of the General Training IELTS-practice scripts across three band scores, 7, 8 and 9 in grammatical (GK) and textual knowledge (TK) features. It adopted the taxonomies of Bachman and Palmer (2010) and Connor and Mbaye's (2002) to makes analysis through Coh-metrix in 22 GK and TK features. The band comparisons indicated that the highest-scored scripts tended to be longer and include structurally more diverse sentences. Lexically, 8 and 9 band scripts almost showed no differences, however, they were denser and involved more multiple-meaning and abstract words than those of band 7. Textually, band 9 writings proved to be more coherent and cohesive, although they did not differ from band 8 or even band 7 in some other discourse features. The task comparisons demonstrated task two (T2)'s superiority in length, structural diversity, density, noun phrase (NP) concentration and reading and comprehension difficulty. Lexically, task one (T1) superseded in using more frequent words but not in diverse, multiple-meaning and the abstract ones. It was also indicated that T2 needed more coherence, conceptuality, causality but not coreferentiality in cohesion than T1.
Resumen: Este artículo explora las complejas circunstancias que convierten en un psicópata transexual a Rahul Rai, personaje de la novela A Son of the Circus, de John Irving. Los abusos sexuales a los que lo somete su tía y tutora en su infancia, junto con un conflicto de identidad de género mal resuelto influenciado por el modelo de tercer género autóctono de la India –lxs hijras- contribuyen al desarrollo de una sociopatía que Rahul canalizará dedicándose a asesinar prostitutas en los burdeles de Bombay y Londres.
Abstract: This article explores the complex circumstances that lead Rahul Rai, from the novel A Son of the Circus, by John Irving, to become a transsexual serial killer. A victim of sexual abuse when he was a child, and in deep conflict with his gender identity (which is strongly influenced by the Indian third sex option, the hijras), Rahul becomes a sociopath who kills prostitutes in the brothels of London and Bombay for over two decades.
La pretensión central del presente artículo consiste en el análisis comparativo e interdisciplinar de uno de los componentes literarios de la novela Die Blechtrommel (1959) a la homónima película de Volker Schlöndorff (1979): la figura del simpatizante nacionalsocialista. Profundizaremos en los problemas que surgen al trasladar esta figura, que se caracteriza por un alto grado de complejidad, desde el referente literario a la adaptación cinematográfica y trataremos de mostrar como el director cinematográfico, uno de los más prestigiosos del cine contemporáneo alemán, realiza tan ardua labor con los medios que el cine pone a su disposición. Especialmente importante en dicha tarea es la caracterización psicológica y física de las figuras fílmicas en cuestión. Nosotros estudiaremos si éstas se corresponden con las que pueden inferirse de la lectura del libro y como cobran vida por medio de recursos narrativos más esquemáticos que en dicho texto.
Vera Lucia Lopes Cristovão, Isabela Rodrigues Vieira
This project aims at contributing to the project called Initiatives of reading and writing in Higher Education (ILEES) in Latin America, whose objective was to identify and describe the initiatives of teaching and research in reading and writing in higher education in Brazil. In this article, we aim at covering the second stage of the research by identifying the writing centers and analyzing the interviews with the researchers mostly cited as references or those considered responsible for gathering research groups and/or literacy projects in different state and federal universities in the country. For our analyses, we use Bronckart’s (2008) and Bulea’s (2010) methodological framework in order to recognize, in the interviews, the themes (thematic organization segment – SOT) and how the interviewees (E) develop such themes in their discourse through the thematic treatment segments (STT). The results show five writing centers regarding academic reading and writing in the national context. The interviews emphasize theoretical frameworks towards literacy and recognize the lack of initiatives in different Brazilian universities and, regarding sustainability, enlargement, strengthening and recognition are urgent needs, according to our interviewees.
We live in an age that favours character migration. The numerous platforms and online communities dedicated to fans of specific media products encourage people to unleash their creativity and produce content based on their favourite characters, occasionally even disregarding their initial context and designing for them alternative narratives or universes. Furthermore, the entire idea of transmedia narratives is based on the users’ shifting situations and individuals over several platforms. This paper aims to further investigate this phenomenon together with other instances in which the migration proved challenging. In addition, my study will look at other effects fandoms can have on character migration.