Hasil untuk "Economic growth, development, planning"

Marc Barthelemy, Ulysse Marquis

Urban land cover doubled between 1985 and 2015, yet the spatial dynamics of urban form remain under-quantified, despite its importance for sustainability, infrastructure planning, and climate risk. Urban expansion is a non-equilibrium process shaped by interactions between population growth, infrastructure, institutions, and market failures -- rendering static and equilibrium models inadequate. We review key challenges and modeling approaches, focusing on partial differential equation (PDE) frameworks. Borrowed from statistical physics, PDEs capture spatial heterogeneity, anisotropy, stochasticity, and feedbacks between land use and transport networks. Integrating economic and institutional factors remains a major challenge for policy relevance. We propose a research agenda that bridges remote sensing, urban economics, and complexity science to develop dynamic, empirically grounded models of urban expansion.

Dante Ayaviri Nina, Gabith Quispe Fernández, Alba Isabel Maldonado Núñez et al.

Los sistemas productivos, en el contexto rural, adquieren una importancia desde la perspectiva social y económica; su abordaje como un fenómeno de estudio permite observar e identificar debilidades y oportunidades en el accionar de la actividad productiva local. Así, el sistema productivo del cantón Guano en Ecuador es un conjunto estructurado de actividades agrícolas, pecuarias y, en menor proporción, industrial. La investigación pretende determinar las estrategias de generación de unidades de negocios en la actividad productiva rural del cantón Guano, se apoya en un método de investigación no experimental, de tipo descriptivo, y asume un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. La muestra fue de 244 productores de una población de 21 851. Para la obtención de datos, se aplicó una encuesta con preguntas de tipo dicotómica, estructurada y de escala de Likert. Los resultados reflejan que la organización familiar, la inversión y los incentivos al sector productivo rural son las estrategias que contribuyen de forma significativa en el establecimiento de unidades productivas. En consecuencia, es relevante la importancia de las unidades productivas en el desarrollo rural del cantón Guano.

Macavilca Tello Bartolome, Kevin Fernandez, Oscar Cutipa-Luque et al.

This study explores the dynamic relationship between corruption and economic growth through an approach based on a system of stochastic equations. In the context of globalization and economic interdependencies, corruption not only affects investment and distorts markets, but it can also, under certain conditions, temporarily boost economic activity. Using data from the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), we implement a time-series-based model to capture the interactions between these two variables. Through a coupled vector autoregressive equations system, our model identifies patterns of interdependence between economic fluctuations and perceptions of corruption at a global level. Employing graph theory and Granger causality, we build a network of interconnections that illustrates how corruption dynamics in one country can influence economic growth and corruption perception in others. The results provide a robust tool for analyzing international political-economic relationships and can serve as a basis for designing policies that promote transparency and sustainable development.

Yixun Kang, Ying Li

This paper investigates the extent to which China's economic growth and development influence poverty levels, focusing on the dichotomy between absolute and relative poverty. Leveraging data from sources like the World Bank, Statista, and Macrotrends, and employing economic frameworks such as the Lewis Model, Poverty Headcount Ratio, and Gini Coefficient, the study examines China's transformation from combating absolute poverty to addressing relative poverty. The findings highlight that robust economic growth from 2011 to 2022, driven by urban development and rural infrastructure investments, successfully eradicated absolute poverty and elevated rural incomes. However, this progress also exacerbated income inequality, as evidenced by a rising Gini Coefficient, complicating efforts to alleviate relative poverty. Through multidimensional analyses encompassing regional disparities, migration patterns, educational access, and societal factors, the paper underscores the dual impact of economic development on poverty alleviation. It concludes by advocating for policies that balance economic growth with equitable resource distribution to tackle persistent relative poverty and foster sustainable development.

Yijian Pan, Yongchang Ma, Bolin Shen et al.

The goal of our project is to use satellite data (including nighttime light data and remote sensing images) to give us some statistical estimation of the economic development level of a selected area (Singapore). Findings from the project could inform policymakers about areas needing intervention or support for economic development initiatives. Insights gained might aid in targeted policy formulation for infrastructure, agriculture, urban planning, or resource management.

Luca Barbaglia, Sergio Consoli, Sebastiano Manzan et al.

We propose an Economic Lexicon (EL) specifically designed for textual applications in economics. We construct the dictionary with two important characteristics: 1) to have a wide coverage of terms used in documents discussing economic concepts, and 2) to provide a human-annotated sentiment score in the range [-1,1]. We illustrate the use of the EL in the context of a simple sentiment measure and consider several applications in economics. The comparison to other lexicons shows that the EL is superior due to its wider coverage of domain relevant terms and its more accurate categorization of the word sentiment.

Ganapati Kumar Biswas

Financial inclusion is touted one of the principal drivers for economic growth for an economy. The study aims to explore the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in Bangladesh. In my study, I used the number of loan accounts as the proxy for financial inclusion. Using time series data from spans from 2004-2021, the study revealed that there exists a long-run relationship between GDP, financial inclusion, and other macroeconomic variables in Bangladesh. The study also found that financial inclusion had a positive impact on economic growth of Bangladesh during the study period. Therefore, the policymakers and the central bank of Bangladesh as the apex authority of financial system should promote financial inclusion activities to achieve sustainable economic growth.

Yuriy Safonov, Ievgen Bazhenkov, Svitlana Zaiets

The article presents the factors of the international policy of publication and provision of school textbooks at the national, regional and local levels in the context of modern requirements for the quality of education. Such research methods as analytical review, comparison, analysis, generalization, interpretation, synthesis were used. An analysis of existing problems and possible ways of improving the quality and objectivity of the system of textbook provision was carried out. The scientific and methodological approaches and practical recommendations of international organizations on the formation of textbook publishing policy, the role of central authorities, local self-government, private organizations, the public and parents of students in the financing, development and distribution of textbooks are considered. The peculiarities of textbook publishing in countries working with the system of centralized state publication, state approval of a list of textbooks by choice, mixed system and open market are analyzed. The similarities and differences of the main changes over the last 20-30 years in the position of countries regarding textbooks (with an emphasis on leading Asian countries) are identified in terms of types of policies, processes of approval and control of production, distribution of textbooks, priorities in providing students with textbooks. The analysis confirmed that in most countries there is a change in the role of central and local self-government, the private sector, parents and the public in the development and distribution of textbooks, as well as the interaction of subjects of educational book publishing. Recommendations for improving the process of textbook publishing have been developed based on the experience of the outlined work in the countries of the world.

Fu-Hsuan Chen, Hao-Ren Liu

This manuscript focuses on analyzing the growth dynamics of the Central Taiwan Science Park (CTSP) and Silicon Glen in Scotland with a specific emphasis on their approaches to energy, environmental conservation, and economic management. The objective is to provide insights into their sustainable development strategies. In terms of energy, CTSP addresses Taiwan’s energy security and green transformation challenges, while Silicon Glen concentrates on Scotland’s wind energy generation technologies. Both regions prioritize the advancement of renewable energy sources and smart grid technologies. In the realm of environmental conservation, both CTSP and Silicon Glen prioritize environmental protection and sustainability by implementing rigorous environmental monitoring measures. Regarding economic management, CTSP and Silicon Glen serve as vital technology industry hubs in Taiwan and Scotland, respectively, attracting a multitude of high-tech and startup enterprises. This growth is facilitated through various means, including policy support, access to research resources, and robust infrastructure. This manuscript presents a comparative analysis of these two industrial parks, focusing on their environmental and economic management strategies. It aims to elucidate the principles underpinning the sustainable development and economic growth of industrial parks, offering valuable insights to decision-makers and stakeholders involved in the planning of sustainable industrial parks.

Nayereh Hassanvand, Hassan Sattari Sarbanqoli

The cultural rituals of any society are the birth certificates of that society’s culture, history, religion, and ethics. These rites and rituals are an important factor in fostering cohesion and unity among the people of a society who gather together in various ceremonies. Mourning ceremonies and rituals vary in different provinces, cities, and villages across the country, particularly during the first decade of Muharram. Iran is considered one of the inheritors of world culture due to its diverse and rich cultural rituals. The purpose of this research is to do a comparative and documented study of Muharram rituals in these two provinces so that by revealing the manifestations of cultural rituals and their differences and similarities, we can reach the deep and rich layers of the culture of these two provinces. This research intends to investigate the differences and similarities between the rituals of the first decade of Muharram and their cultural differences in the two provinces of East Azarbaijan and Khuzestan, using a descriptive-comparative study method. These two provinces have a deep cultural and religious background and an ancient civilization. The results of this research show that despite the great similarity in the performance of Muharram rituals in the two provinces in question, the diversity of mourning rituals is also visible in these two provinces. The varieties and differences are closely related to cultural, climatic, and linguistic differences in these two provinces. These two provinces’ people have chosen to mourn in accordance with their religion, vegetation, culture, and language. The results of this research show that, in addition to these differences, the common points of this cultural ritual in the two provinces are the love of the Prophet’s family and devotion to Ashura culture.

Oksana Buhaichuk, Vitalina Nikitenko, Valentyna Voronkova

The relevance of the study is that the digital challenge is important and stimulating, requiring the formation of digital education in the digital economy. The purpose of the article is to develop a model of digital education as a factor of improving the efficiency of digital competencies that contribute to the development of the digital economy. The object of research is the formation of a digital education model as a factor in the implementation of digital literacy. The subject of the study is the impact of the digital education model on the development of the digital economy. The methodology for researching digital education, which cultivates a smart economy, smart governance and smart people, is represented by the Agile methodology (flexible adaptive), based on the use of the values of artificial intelligence and deep learning, which can create effective tools for education, increasing their effectiveness through rapid change. The results of the study: 1) analyzes the formation of digital competencies in the context of the European educational paradigm that contribute to the development of the digital economy; 2) identifies the directions of implementation of digital competencies in the context of the European educational paradigm; 3) reveals digital tools and educational platforms that contribute to the formation of digital education; 4) formulates the concept of quality, inclusive, accessible digital education as a factor in improving digital competencies and adapting education to the digital age; 5) traces the impact of digital education and digital competencies on the development of the digital economy. The concept of digital education contains both its potential and its risks, which can have serious consequences for the future of the educational process if digital literacy is not developed. The combination of four factors – cultural change, technological innovation, national policy leadership and internal development of the digital education system – stimulates the digital transformation of society.

Anurag Ajay, Seungwook Han, Yilun Du et al.

To make effective decisions in novel environments with long-horizon goals, it is crucial to engage in hierarchical reasoning across spatial and temporal scales. This entails planning abstract subgoal sequences, visually reasoning about the underlying plans, and executing actions in accordance with the devised plan through visual-motor control. We propose Compositional Foundation Models for Hierarchical Planning (HiP), a foundation model which leverages multiple expert foundation model trained on language, vision and action data individually jointly together to solve long-horizon tasks. We use a large language model to construct symbolic plans that are grounded in the environment through a large video diffusion model. Generated video plans are then grounded to visual-motor control, through an inverse dynamics model that infers actions from generated videos. To enable effective reasoning within this hierarchy, we enforce consistency between the models via iterative refinement. We illustrate the efficacy and adaptability of our approach in three different long-horizon table-top manipulation tasks.

Md. Toaha, Laboni Mondal

The paper examined the impact of agricultural credit on economic growth in Bangladesh. The annual data of agriculture credit were collected from annual reports of the Bangladesh Bank and other data were collected from the world development indicator (WDI) of the World Bank. By employing Johansen cointegration test and vector error correction model (VECM), the study revealed that there exists a long run relationship between the variables. The results of the study showed that agriculture credit had a positive impact on GDP growth in Bangladesh. The study also found that gross capital formation had a positive, while inflation had a negative association with economic growth in Bangladesh. Therefore, the government and policymakers should continue their effort to increase the volume of agriculture credit to achieve sustainable economic growth.

Eugene Kharitonov, Oksana Zakharchuk, Lin Mei

This study investigates the long-term effects of temperature variations on economic growth using a data-driven approach. Leveraging machine learning techniques, we analyze global land surface temperature data from Berkeley Earth and economic indicators, including GDP and population data, from the World Bank. Our analysis reveals a significant relationship between average temperature and GDP growth, suggesting that climate variations can substantially impact economic performance. This research underscores the importance of incorporating climate factors into economic planning and policymaking, and it demonstrates the utility of machine learning in uncovering complex relationships in climate-economy studies.

Muriel Figueredo Franco, Christian Omlin, Oliver Kamer et al.

Cybersecurity planning is challenging for digitized companies that want adequate protection without overspending money. Currently, the lack of investments and perverse economic incentives are the root cause of cyberattacks, which results in several economic impacts on companies worldwide. Therefore, cybersecurity planning has to consider technical and economic dimensions to help companies achieve a better cybersecurity strategy. This article introduces SECAdvisor, a tool to support cybersecurity planning using economic models. SECAdvisor allows to (a) understand the risks and valuation of different businesses' information, (b) calculate the optimal investment in cybersecurity for a company, (c) receive a recommendation of protections based on the budget available and demands, and (d) compare protection solutions in terms of cost-efficiency. Furthermore, evaluations on usability and real-world training activities performed using SECAdvisor are discussed.

Sidi Mohammed Chekouri, Abderrahim Chibi, Mohamed Benbouziane

Abstract The Central Bank of Algeria has announced a managed float of the Algerian dinar since 1994. Yet, there are some substantial differences between various de facto classifications of Algeria’s exchange rate regime. This study looks into the exchange rate regime of Algeria, aiming to identify de facto regime. To identify the implicit basket weights for the Algerian dinar, first the OLS rolling window methodology is used to estimate the celebrated Frankel-Wei regression. Then, the wavelet-based methods are applied to study the co-movement patterns of the exchange rates of the Algerian dinar, US dollar, and Euro. In the main, the OLS rolling window results show that the US dollar and the Euro are the currencies with the most influence over the Algerian dinar. Further, from the Wavelet Multiple Correlation (WMC) results, the US dollar is identified as the potential leader in the implicit basket for the Algerian dinar. Additionally, from the Wavelet Local Multiple Correlation (WLMC) results, it is found that the Algerian DZD, US dollar, and Euro are highly correlated, with a correlation value around 0.90 for most of the time scales. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that Algeria’s exchange rate regime could be a crawling peg and band around the US dollar and Euro.

Viktor Stojkoski, Philipp Koch, César A. Hidalgo

To achieve inclusive green growth, countries need to consider a multiplicity of economic, social, and environmental factors. These are often captured by metrics of economic complexity derived from the geography of trade, thus missing key information on innovative activities. To bridge this gap, we combine trade data with data on patent applications and research publications to build models that significantly and robustly improve the ability of economic complexity metrics to explain international variations in inclusive green growth. We show that measures of complexity built on trade and patent data combine to explain future economic growth and income inequality and that countries that score high in all three metrics tend to exhibit lower emission intensities. These findings illustrate how the geography of trade, technology, and research combine to explain inclusive green growth.

Julene Siddique, Peter Joseph

Social theories and humanitarian movements, despite their good intentions, have had limited effectiveness. This paper introduces Socio-Systemic science as a conceptual and implementation framework designed for effective high impact systemic action. The science of Socio-Systemic impact is led by the Social Architect who understands how to consciously catalyse key drivers of systemic change. The rise of a systems-based worldview forms the basis of a new way of understanding modern problems, inferring the kind of thinking and leadership required today. The Social Architect is a new entity in this development, working to apply grounded sociological science and understandings of natural systems to improving the human condition. Where traditional activism falls short through structural illiteracy and continually stumbles in engaging mere symptoms of world issues, the Social Architects act as the compassionate analysts addressing the systemic causes of world issues. We can no longer turn a blind eye to structural violence and systemic failure. Inside the dark heart of structural violence are the keys of societal re-architecting that are in fact our only hope out of it. The first part of this paper outlines the science of Socio-Systemic impact. The second part explains how to put the science into practice; reviews current implementation methods being deployed by leading Social Architects; outlines the key skills and roles of the Social Architect working individually as well as strategies for integral systemic action, and, lastly, suggests further action strategies and prospects for the future.

Nikša Alfirević, Boštjan Aver, Mihone Kerolli Mustafa

This is an editorial to the Special issue of Management - Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, dedicated to novel coronavirus-related crisis and crisis management. Guest editors for this special issue are Boštjan Aver (GEA College, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, Ljubljana, Slovenia) and Mihone Kerolli-Mustafa (International Business College, Mitrovica, Kosovo).

Ilche Georgievski

Cloud providers are facing a complex problem in configuring software applications ready for deployment on their infrastructures. Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning can provide effective means to solve such deployment problems. We present an HTN planning domain that models deployment problems as found in realistic Cloud environments.