Hasil untuk "Demography. Population. Vital events"

Hisashi Inaba

Peter R. Cox

Christopher A. Lepczyk, Marc Linderman, Roger B. Hammer

J.P. Mackenbach

Chiao-min Hsieh

William Petersen

Anatole Romaniuk

Immanuel Ness, James Ciment

Glenn Firebaugh

Abstract Do agriculturists in the Third World sometimes adjust to increasing population density by having fewer children? Over-time data (1961–1972) for 22 farm villages in India point to such a possibility. Cross-sectionally, villages with higher density tend to have lower fertility, even with controls for village caste composition, prior fertility, female literacy, and agricultural production. Similarly, the regression coefficient for village density is negative when the cross-sections are “pooled.” Population density apparently has an inhibiting effect on fertility in these villages.

Páll Hersteinsson

Gerry E. Hendershot

Abstract A causal model. relating population size, economic development, military power and antinatal population policy is tested using data from 83 developing nations. The statistical findings are interpreted as supporting two hypotheses: (1) population size is a major determinant of military power; and (2) military power is a minor determinant of anti-natal population policy.

Julie E. Backer

Eduardo E. Arriaga

Abstract This paper has two principal aims: (1) to analyze and measure how the demographic variables—mortality, fertility, and im migration—affect the cost of education; (2) to evaluate what possibilities developing countries, such as those of Latin America, have for a rapid educational improvement. The paper relates demographic and educational variables of three different populations: Sweden, 1840–1965; the United States, 1850–1960; and Latin America, 1930–2000. Three educational variables are also considered: (a) school attendance rates by sex and age; (b) distribution of students of same age by grade; and (c) cost of student by grade. Demographic changes in countries such as Sweden and the United States were favorable for the development of education. For the future, unless an increase of fertility occurs, mortality and fertility changes will not have a significant effect on the cost of education in these countries. In current less developed countries the demographic changes during the past were less favorable to educational development. A future reduction of fertility will significantly help them to achieve a higher educational level.

Paul A. Samuelson

J. Hd.