Hasil untuk "Metaphysics"

Emmanuel Ofuasia

Brook Ziporyn

Francesco Totaro

Sanja Särman

Abstract: The author explores whether Spinoza can consistently maintain two doctrines which he espouses in his Ethics . The first doctrine is the equivalence between perfection, reality, being, and essence. The second doctrine is the Metaphysical Difference between that in which essence and existence are identical (God) and those things for which essence and existence are distinct (everything but God). The article is structured as follows. First, the author shows that these two key doctrines apparently clash. Second, she shows two ways in which this clash can be avoided. The first way consists in drawing a line between mere being and existence. This reading of Spinoza has sometimes been called “Platonist” in the secondary literature. The second way consists in denying that the Metaphysical Difference cuts reality at its joints. Instead, the Metaphysical Difference, on this reading, differentiates between appearances (those things in which essence and existence come apart) and reality (that thing in which they are one). This reading of Spinoza has sometimes been called Eleatic in the secondary literature. The author concludes by suggesting that, if the Spinozist rejects both the Eleatic and the Platonist approach, she is obliged to find another way to salvage her system.

Leonid G. Antipenko

Until recently, there was one unsolved riddle regarding the logic that Lobachevsky followed when creating his non-Euclidean (hyperbolic) geometry. This article shows that such a logic is implicitly present in him, and it coincides with the logic already formed now, called complementary-dialectical logic. This logic stems from Heidegger’s fundamental ontology. In the field of the geometric discipline of thought, complementary-dialectical logic makes it possible to combine the historical and logical aspects of the genesis of Lobachevsky’s geometry. Allows us to understand how and why imaginary points appear on a hyperbolic line, how they are related to points at infinity, etc. constructing a geometric picture of the world as part of the overall scientific picture.

Elizabeth C. Shaw, Mor Segev

William M. R. Simpson

Giulia Cabra

Keren Wilson Shatalov

Piotr Jaroszyński, Hugh McDonald

Daniel D. Novotný

Kurt Smith

AbstractThis chapter looks specifically at Leibniz's conception of mathematical structure—an ideal structure underlying the very possibility of the actual world. Both his early and late views are considered. The chapter shows how it is that Leibniz employed mathematics as a metaphor aimed at explicating his metaphysical views. The metaphysical concepts of unity and harmony, for example, are made clearer by looking at how Leibniz conceived them via the mathematical concepts of function and determinant.

Michael Loux