This article reflects on personal observations during twenty years of professional career about the ideas developed within New Institutional Economics (NIE). The general theory is analysed by studying the views of Coase, North, Williamson and Ostrom and subsequently the characteristics and specific requirements of network industries are confronted with each of the authors. Is it relevant to study network industries using the tools and ideas developed by NIE scholars? If so, what views are more relevant in the current multi-channel and multi-level reality? Do “institutions matter” for the case, and if so, in what way?
A methodological approach to the formation and description of data on the design and technological features of parts under technological preparation of machining industries is presented, the difference, if compared to other well-known approaches, lies in recording of additional data that is not explicitly reflected in the reference design. As an additional information component, it is proposed to use: information on the mutual influence of one elementary surface on another or others, i.e. dimensioning specifications of other surfaces; data on the dimensional features of each elementary surface, which is not shown in the drawings; extreme geometric shape deviations for elementary surfaces and also mutual arrangement between elementary surfaces; data on the design bases of the part in question. The formation of a database of machined parts is given graphically, which makes it possible to use a wide range of mathematical tools technique in the creation of formalized models, providing their uncomplicated adaptation for using in existing computer-aided design systems. The analysis of additional design and technological parameters allows assessing the interdependence of the dimensions and characteristics of each of the part surfaces and the parameters of other surfaces, ensuring the quality of decision-making at the stages of technological preparation based on increasing the degree of reliability of information flows. The obtained results expand the possibilities of conducting dimensional analysis of the basic, operational and interoperation connections of the developed technical processes, increasing the level of automation in design procedures. Produced graphical models, aimed at reducing the complexity of design actions outline, are able to expand, due to the approximation to the traditional data specification of technological equipment, the possibility of taking into account the state of production capacities in machining production on a real time scale. They also contribute to the deciding modern issues on effective engineering complexes formation.
Ann Tymoshenko, Larisa Saganovskaia, Oksana Danylko
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In this chapter, the authors present an imitation model for calculating the weight and centering of the airship, taking into account the errors that arise in the process of determining these parameters. Also in this chapter there is the analysis of existing means, methods, and methods for determining the weight and alignment of the airship in domestic airlines and air companies. The authors made the research of the sources of errors and identified their types. This chapter provides a new model of the takeoff weight and balance of the aircraft determining process, as well as the weight distribution of passengers law. These materials allow simulating one of the main operations in the preparation for departure process.