Hasil untuk "The Bible"

Peter Stotz

David Thompson

Lynette R. Muir

Ernst R. Wendland

Ernst Wendland

J.W. Harris

Rachel M. Angogo

Frederick H. Borsch

AARON ROSEN

Mark W. Elliott

The place for an account of the Writings that is Christian in light of the New Testament is considered along with what one might make of them in their canonical place within the Hebrew Bible. A Christian reading is only in part the reception of the Old Testament by the New Testament. The theology of as disparate a collection as the Writings can only really be a theology of each of them. Nevertheless, a steer is given by the large and most significant Psalter with its account of God’s special providence, followed by Wisdom books and the attached Megilloth, with Daniel and the historical books with their sacred history coming later as much in terms of logic as of chronology. The interests are wider and more universal than simply the salvation and preservation of Israel, even if that does not cease from being a deeply felt theme.

Anna Kernbach

Hans de Wit, Janet Dyk

Daniel L. Dreisbach

David Wright

This article focuses on sin in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. “Sin” may be defined as a behavior that is unacceptable to a deity or supernatural being and subject to punishment by him. This theological construct is largely built on an analogy to the way humans interact. Just as humans might be offended by behaviors of others, and just as they might castigate offenders and could be pacified by verbal apology and gift-giving, so supernatural beings are imagined to be offended and pacified. In the Hebrew Bible, as well as in other religious traditions, analogy with regard to sin operates in two different modes: the personal and the cultic. The personal mode reflects the basic interactive relationship between humans, where an offender engages an offended party directly. In this mode, the sinner appeals to the deity directly by prayer, sometimes accompanied by formal ritual activity, such as mourning behaviors or making an offering as a gift to the deity. The cultic mode, which is most prominent in the Priestly Holiness writings of the Pentateuch, builds on the personal approach but also contextualizes sin and its effects in the framework of a sanctuary or temple. An additional analogical conception operates here. The sanctuary is thought to be the dwelling of the deity, like the palace of a king or other ruling figure in society. Sin, even that committed outside the sanctuary boundaries, is imagined to create impurity that pollutes this dwelling. In order to keep the deity in good spirits and retain his presence, sacrificial purification rites are performed to clean the divine dwelling. Parts of these sacrifices (e.g., the fat) may also be given as gifts to appease the deity.

Othmar Keel

Julio Trebolle Barrera, Wilfred G.E. Watson