A mathematical model has been proposed for processing data from tests of building materials and obtaining optimal links between the characteristics of the bearing capacity and technological parameters of building materials for the use of these connections in refined design and construction procedures for building structures. To improve the accuracy of the results obtained, a three-level optimization principle was applied using the least squares method and a computational algorithm was compiled that allows us to develop an additional computational subroutine expanding the capabilities of the corresponding standard computer programs.
Siti Khalijah Yaman, Abd Halid Abdullah, Hairuddin Mohammad
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Primarily due to contractors’ faults, construction industries in Malaysia have been facing problems such as delays, wastages, cost overruns and others. Inability of construction manager (CM) to efficiently manage construction projects is the major contribution to projects’ failure, and the lack of terms of reference on the technical competency for CM are believed to be the major setback. This paper reports the results of a preliminary study which was carried out to identify the technical competencies of CM. Exploratory mixed research methods were selected by employing qualitative and quantitative approaches. Multi-layered thematic analysis was embedded into literature analysis to maintain reliability and then validate through structured interviews. It was found that CM requires several technical competencies including managing staff, materials, labours, plants, sub-contractors, safety, money, quality, time, environment, administration, pre-construction, closeout and handover, responsibility to other parties, computer literacy, and administration of construction contract. Hence, the technical competencies for CM are believed to be exhaustive and holistic in singling out the appropriate technical knowledge and skills, and bring about numerous advantageous towards technically competent CM.
In a society with a high growth rate and increased standards of comfort arises the need to minimize the currently high energy consumption by taking advantage of renewable energy sources. The mortars with incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) have the ability to regulate the temperature inside buildings, contributing to the thermal comfort and reduction of the use of heating and cooling equipment, using only the energy supplied by the sun. This paper aims to contribute to the study of mortars incorporating PCM. The main characteristics of the material and the mortars doped with PCM, will be presented. It also aims to clarify the differences in the physical and mechanical characteristics of mortars doped with different types of PCM.
The increasing global awareness of environmental issues has led to a growing demand for sustainable practices in various industries. One crucial aspect is the development and utilization of eco-friendly materials, which are designed to minimize the environmental impact of production, consumption, and disposal. This abstract provides an overview of the concept of eco-materials, highlighting their significance, characteristics, and potential applications. Eco-materials, also known as environmentally friendly materials or green materials, are those that are sourced, processed, and used in a way that has minimal negative effects on the environment. These materials aim to reduce resource depletion, energy consumption, and waste generation throughout their life cycle. Key characteristics of eco-materials include recyclability, biodegradability, low carbon footprint, and the use of renewable resources. The development of eco-materials involves a multidisciplinary approach, combining principles from materials science, chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. Researchers and industries are actively exploring innovative ways to replace conventional materials with eco-friendly alternatives in various applications such as construction, packaging, textiles, and electronics. Several types of eco-materials have emerged, including bio-based polymers, recycled materials, sustainable composites, and materials designed for disassembly. Bio-based polymers, derived from renewable resources like plants and bacteria, offer a biodegradable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. Recycled materials, such as recycled metals, paper, and glass, contribute to reducing the demand for virgin resources. Sustainable composites combine materials like natural fibers with recycled polymers to create durable and environmentally friendly alternatives. In conclusion, the development and utilization of eco-materials represent a crucial step towards achieving a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future. As research continues to advance in this field, the integration of eco-friendly materials into mainstream industries will contribute to a more circular and regenerative economy, fostering a harmonious relationship between human activities and the natural environment.
Abstract. This experimental research aims to investigate the effect of adding polyethylene terephthalate plastic fibers (PETF) on the behavior of recycled self-compacting concrete (RSCC) based on recycled fine concrete aggregates (RFCA). Twenty RSCC mixes were made for this study. RFCA was obtained from the laboratory demolition of a moderate concrete slab and substituted by natural fine aggregates (NFA) at various mass fractions (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Furthermore, four volumetric fractions (Vf) of plastic fibers (0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.2%) were added and sorted from plastic bottle recycling. The properties of the fresh and hardened new composite (RSCC made with PETF and RFCA contents) are analyzed and compared. The results showed that the mechanical performances of RSCC in terms of flexural strength and elasticity modulus were improved, where the compressive strength decreased with an increase in the Vf content of PETF and RFCA. The incorporation of 100% RFCA combined with 1.2% of PETF can enhance both flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete up to 9% and 24%. This type of concrete can be recommended for structural repair applications.