Hasil untuk "Philosophy"

M. Saunders, P. Lewis, A. Thornhill

A. Mol

The Body Multiple is an extraordinary ethnography of an ordinary disease. Drawing on fieldwork in a Dutch university hospital, Annemarie Mol looks at the day-to-day diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. A patient information leaflet might describe atherosclerosis as the gradual obstruction of the arteries, but in hospital practice this one medical condition appears to be many other things. From one moment, place, apparatus, specialty, or treatment, to the next, a slightly different “atherosclerosis” is being discussed, measured, observed, or stripped away. This multiplicity does not imply fragmentation; instead, the disease is made to cohere through a range of tactics including transporting forms and files, making images, holding case conferences, and conducting doctor-patient conversations. The Body Multiple juxtaposes two distinct texts. Alongside Mol’s analysis of her ethnographic material—interviews with doctors and patients and observations of medical examinations, consultations, and operations—runs a parallel text in which she reflects on the relevant literature. Mol draws on medical anthropology, sociology, feminist theory, philosophy, and science and technology studies to reframe such issues as the disease-illness distinction, subject-object relations, boundaries, difference, situatedness, and ontology. In dialogue with one another, Mol’s two texts meditate on the multiplicity of reality-in-practice. Presenting philosophical reflections on the body and medical practice through vivid storytelling, The Body Multiple will be important to those in medical anthropology, philosophy, and the social study of science, technology, and medicine.

M. Saunders, Philip E. T. Lewis, A. Thornhill

G. Posner, K. Strike, P. Hewson et al.

A. Coffey, P. Atkinson

C. Goeldner, J. Ritchie

W. James

A. Favell

D. Curran-Everett

N. Mclaughlin

W. Cummings, J. Tobin, David Y. H. Wu et al.

Shuhua Hou, Xianhe Liu, Xiaoqing Shen et al.

This study investigates whether English proficiency moderates core Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) pathways in the context of AI-enhanced English MOOCs for vocational students. Drawing on an extended TAM that links Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Behavioral Intention (BI), and Perceived Learning Outcomes (PLO), we surveyed 516 learners from a provincial AI-powered MOOC. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed strong measurement properties (all factor loadings > 0.74, AVE > 0.57, CR > 0.80). Structural analysis revealed robust direct effects: PEOU → PU (β = 0.756), PU → BI (β = 0.696), and BI → PLO (β = 0.814). Hierarchical regression showed no significant moderating by English proficiency on any TAM path, though a small positive direct effect on BI was observed (β = 0.064, p = 0.042). Results suggest that well-designed AI personalization can mitigate language-related barriers, allowing core TAM mechanisms to operate consistently across proficiency levels. The findings highlight the potential of adaptive AI tools to foster equitable engagement in vocational language learning. Future research should employ multi-item or objective proficiency measures and incorporate actual usage data to further validate these insights.

Danur Putut Permadi, Teguh, Nur Kholis

This research is motivated by the efforts of the Yogyakarta regional government to submit the Yogyakarta Palace's Philosophical Axis as a cultural heritage to UNESCO. This axis is a road that stretches from the Krapyak Stage, the Yogyakarta Palace, and the Yogyakarta Monument. This axis is the implementation of one of the Javanese philosophies, Sangkan Paraning Dumadi. This philosophy explains that humans must be able to understand how they can be born in this world and what their goal is born. This study aims to analyze the meaning of the Yogyakarta Palace in the philosophical axis and analyze the position of the Yogyakarta Palace using the perspective of cultural philosophy. The data obtained in this study came from in-depth interviews and documentation. By using a phenomenological approach, it is found that the Yogyakarta Palace is the center of the Philosophical Axis because it symbolizes harmony and eternity between the people, nature and the king. Besides, in the Mitis stage, the palace is interpreted as a sacred complex where various traditional ceremonies take place. And at the functional stage, the palace is not only interpreted as part of the philosophical axis. And at the functional stage, the palace is not only interpreted as part of the philosophical axis. But also interpreted as the center of tourist destinations in the city of Yogyakarta. From these findings it can be concluded that there has been a shift in the meaning of the Yogyakarta Palace as the center of the philosophical axis into one of the tourist attractions that are economically valuable.

M. Meyers, M. Woerkom, J. Paauwe et al.

Abstract HR managers have different beliefs about the nature, value, and instrumentality of talent—referred to as ‘talent philosophies’. In line with cognitive psychology, we reason that talent philosophies are similar to mental models that influence how HR managers interpret and use talent management (TM) practices within their organizations. In this article, we explore the prevalence of four different talent philosophies (exclusive/stable; exclusive/developable; inclusive/stable; inclusive/developable) in a sample of 321 HR managers. We then explore how talent philosophies relate to organizational context (i.e. size, ownership form, multinational orientation) as well as to HR managers’ perceptions of their organization’s TM practices. Cluster analysis corroborated the presence of the four talent philosophies in our dataset. All four talent philosophies were represented almost equally often in the overall dataset. Organizational size was found to be related to talent philosophies, such that HR managers who worked in smaller organizations were more likely to hold an inclusive talent philosophy. We also found support for the relationship between talent philosophies and perceptions of the exclusiveness or inclusiveness of the organization’s definition of talent, and its degree of workforce differentiation. Contrary to expectations, results did not support a link between talent philosophies and perceived talent identification criteria.

Benedikt Kranemann

The centre of Christian liturgy is the revelation of God in Jesus of Nazareth. In the first section of this article, the understanding of this liturgical centre is unpacked within different denominational contexts (mystery celebration, proclamation event, sacred play, staging of the gospel, etc.). Concepts of time and spatiality within liturgy, which are not only functional but also theologically enriched, are presented. The second section deals with the liturgical assembly and its structures, and the significance of assembly for the liturgy is explained. The place of assembly is addressed before looking at roles and ministries in worship. The third section explores the Bible and liturgy. It examines the different ways in which the Old Testament and New Testament are received in liturgy (e.g. readings and pericope systems, biblical prayers, readings of the Psalms, and sermons). The function of the Bible and place of intertextuality in liturgy (anamnetic, catechetical, etc.) are discussed. The fourth section focuses on different rites and textual forms and the significance of bodies in liturgy. The importance of different media for worship is unpacked before discussing different text types (oration, acclamation, etc.). The fifth section is devoted to the dynamics and diversity of liturgy. It briefly turns to historical phenomena and then demonstrates the factors at work in the dynamics of liturgy (top-down, bottom-up). The sixth section centres on theology and liturgical scholarship, in which different concepts of theology of liturgy and liturgical theology are explained. It also shows how liturgy has been reflected differently at different times in church history. Finally, current questions of liturgical scholarship on worship are explored.

Johanna Freund, Claudia Buntrock, Lina Braun et al.

Introduction: Farmers, forest workers and gardeners have a higher risk of developing depression compared to other occupational populations. As part of the German pilot project “With us in balance”, the potential of six guided internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) to prevent depression among their insurants is examined. The IMI program is tailored to various risk factors of depression, individual symptoms, and needs. Although IMIs have been shown to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms, there is little qualitative research about the acceptance of digital preventive IMIs. The aim of this qualitative study is to gain insights into participants' experiences with the guided IMIs by focusing on determinants for acceptance and satisfaction. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22/171 (13 %) intervention group (IG) participants of a randomized controlled trial. The interview guide was developed based on theoretical models of user acceptance (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) and patient satisfaction (evaluation model, discrepancy theory). The interviews were evaluated independently by two coders performing a deductive-inductive content analysis and attaining a substantial level of agreement (K = 0.73). Results: The qualitative analysis revealed 71 determinants for acceptance and satisfaction across ten dimensions: performance expectancy, organisation, e-coach, usability, training content and structure, training usage, training outcome, financing, social influence, and behavioural intention. The most frequently identified drivers for the IMI use include “location independence”, “positive relationship to the e-coach” (each n = 19, 86 %), “personal e-coach guidance”, “expertise of the e-coach”, “target group specific adaptation” (each n = 18, 82 %), “flexibility”, “high willingness for renewed participation” (each n = 17, 77 %), “fast and easy availability”, “training of health enhancing attitudes and behaviours” and “content with figurative expressions” (each n = 16, 73 %). Discussion: The qualitative findings predominantly suggest the acceptance of and satisfaction with the IMI program for the prevention of depression in famers and related lines of work. Many identified positive drivers are related to the e-coach guidance, which emphasizes its importance in the preventive setting from the perspective of the participants. Nevertheless, some negative aspects have been identified which help to understand potential weaknesses of the IMI program. Participants indicated different needs in terms of IMI content and usage, which points towards the potential benefit of individualisation. The possibility of being able to use IMIs anonymously, flexibly and independently of location might be highly relevant for this specific target group.

Yadong Luo

Lluís Coromina, Edurne Bartolomé Peral

Institutional trust is in decline in many western democracies. Since the 2008 global economic and financial crisis, this increasing distrust has been closely related to trust in political institutions. Trust in institutions is one of the pillars of democracy, and its decline is one of the most evident and shared symptoms of the recession, especially in those contexts where it has been particularly acute. This article has both substantive and methodological aims. From a substantive point of view, it deals with trust in political institutions in Europe, and its decline during the recession. Differences are found among European countries, depending on the severity of the economic crisis. From a methodological point of view, the article compares two methodologies for cross-cultural analyses: the more traditional Multiple-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and the newer Alignment method. Recommendations for the use of the newer method in certain circumstances are provided.

Fidele Podga

María Fernanda Toribio Gutiérrez

Este artículo busca ofrecer algunas intuiciones acerca del significado de la fórmula “οὐ μᾶλλον” tal y como aparece en uno de los fragmentos más controvertidos del libro viii del Sobre la filosofía de Aristocles (Praep. Evag. 14.18.1-5), dedicado a los pirrónicos. Según defiendo, mucho más que una indicación de carácter epistemológico o metafísico, el “οὐ μᾶλλον” posee ahí una función práctica y terapéutica en tanto juega el papel de un fármaco purgativo contra la “predicación”. Es, en este sentido, una herramienta filosófica contra las vanidades del dogmatismo. Para cumplir este propósito, analizo algunos aspectos del lugar que ocupa la fórmula dentro del pasaje, así como sus posibles raíces en la filosofía socrática.