Hasil untuk "q-bio.TO"

K. Sørensen, S. van den Broucke, J. Pelikan et al.

BackgroundSeveral measurement tools have been developed to measure health literacy. The tools vary in their approach and design, but few have focused on comprehensive health literacy in populations. This paper describes the design and development of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q), an innovative, comprehensive tool to measure health literacy in populations.MethodsBased on a conceptual model and definition, the process involved item development, pre-testing, field-testing, external consultation, plain language check, and translation from English to Bulgarian, Dutch, German, Greek, Polish, and Spanish.ResultsThe development process resulted in the HLS-EU-Q, which entailed two sections, a core health literacy section and a section on determinants and outcomes associated to health literacy. The health literacy section included 47 items addressing self-reported difficulties in accessing, understanding, appraising and applying information in tasks concerning decisions making in healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion. The second section included items related to, health behaviour, health status, health service use, community participation, socio-demographic and socio-economic factors.ConclusionsBy illuminating the detailed steps in the design and development process of the HLS-EU-Q, it is the aim to provide a deeper understanding of its purpose, its capability and its limitations for others using the tool. By stimulating a wide application it is the vision that HLS-EU-Q will be validated in more countries to enhance the understanding of health literacy in different populations.

H. V. Hasselt

Di Xiao, M. Chang, Q. Niu

Ever since its discovery, the Berry phase has permeated through all branches of physics. Over the last three decades, it was gradually realized that the Berry phase of the electronic wave function can have a profound effect on material properties and is responsible for a spectrum of phenomena, such as ferroelectricity, orbital magnetism, various (quantum/anomalous/spin) Hall effects, and quantum charge pumping. This progress is summarized in a pedagogical manner in this review. We start with a brief summary of necessary background, followed by a detailed discussion of the Berry phase effect in a variety of solid state applications. A common thread of the review is the semiclassical formulation of electron dynamics, which is a versatile tool in the study of electron dynamics in the presence of electromagnetic fields and more general perturbations. Finally, we demonstrate a re-quantization method that converts a semiclassical theory to an effective quantum theory. It is clear that the Berry phase should be added as a basic ingredient to our understanding of basic material properties.

Viorica Marian, Henrike K. Blumenfeld, Margarita Kaushanskaya

Neil Genzlinger

Kilian Q. Weinberger, L. Saul

David Q. Mayne, James B. Rawlings, C. V. Rao et al.

C. Watkins, P. Dayan

Tania B. Huedo-Medina, J. Sánchez-Meca, Fulgencio Marín-Martínez et al.

Dongyuan Zhao, Jian-yong Feng, Q. Huo et al.

F. Hayashi

D. Tuch

Q. Du, V. Faber, M. Gunzburger

John D. Storey

Kee H. Chung, Stephen W. Pruitt

R. Stulz

C. Watkins, P. Dayan

J. Q. Candela, C. Rasmussen

M. V. Rybin, K. Koshelev, Z. Sadrieva et al.

Recent progress in nanoscale optical physics is associated with the development of a new branch of nanophotonics exploring strong Mie resonances in dielectric nanoparticles with a high refractive index. The high-index resonant dielectric nanostructures form building blocks for novel photonic metadevices with low losses and advanced functionalities. However, unlike extensively studied cavities in photonic crystals, such dielectric resonators demonstrate low quality factors (Q factors). Here, we uncover a novel mechanism for achieving giant Q factors of subwavelength nanoscale resonators by realizing the regime of bound states in the continuum. In contrast to the previously suggested multilayer structures with zero permittivity, we reveal strong mode coupling and Fano resonances in homogeneous high-index dielectric finite-length nanorods resulting in high-Q factors at the nanoscale. Thus, high-index dielectric resonators represent the simplest example of nanophotonic supercavities, expanding substantially the range of applications of all-dielectric resonant nanophotonics and meta-optics.

Peide Liu, Peng Wang

The theory of $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy sets ($q$-ROFSs) proposed by Yager effectively describes fuzzy information in the real world. Because $q$-ROFSs contain the parameter $q$ and can adjust the range of expressed fuzzy information, they are superior to both intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy sets. Archimedean T-norm and T-conorm (ATT) is an important tool used to generate operational rules based on the q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers ($q$-ROFNs). In comparison, the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator has an advantage because it considers the interrelationships between the different attributes. Therefore, it is an important and meaningful innovation to extend the BM operator to the $q$-ROFNs based upon the ATT. In this paper, we first discuss $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy operational rules by using ATT. Furthermore, we extend BM operator to the $q$-ROFNs and propose the $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy Archimedean BM $(q\hbox{-}{ROFABM})$ operator and the q-rung orthopair fuzzy weighted Archimedean BM $(q\hbox{-}{ROFWABM})$ operator and study their desirable properties. Then, a new multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) method is developed based on $q\hbox{-}{ROFWABM}$ operator. Finally, we use a practical example to verify effectiveness and superiority by comparing to other existing methods.