Hasil untuk "q-bio.OT"

Jing Kong, C. A. White, Anna I. Krylov et al.

A. Benvenuti, D. Bollini, G. Bruni et al.

J. Zhang, S. J. Zhang, H. Weng et al.

We report a successful observation of pressure-induced superconductivity in a topological compound Bi2Te3 with Tc of ∼3 K between 3 to 6 GPa. The combined high-pressure structure investigations with synchrotron radiation indicated that the superconductivity occurred at the ambient phase without crystal structure phase transition. The Hall effects measurements indicated the hole-type carrier in the pressure-induced superconducting Bi2Te3 single crystal. Consequently, the first-principles calculations based on the structural data obtained by the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns at high pressure showed that the electronic structure under pressure remained topologically nontrivial. The results suggested that topological superconductivity can be realized in Bi2Te3 due to the proximity effect between superconducting bulk states and Dirac-type surface states. We also discuss the possibility that the bulk state could be a topological superconductor.

Herbert Levine

Eshel Ben-Jacob, one of the co-organizers of this meeting on collective behavior and one of the pioneers in the field of collective behavior in biology, passed away suddenly just before we convened. This article presents a brief glimpse of Eshel's life-long path through science, seen from the perspective of a decades long collaboration on many disparate yet ultimately connected topics. The article attempts to convey how the concept of self-organization of complex interacting objects into higher order functional units, as evidenced so wonderfully by Eshel's experiments on bacterial colony formation, provides a unifying theme for the study of collective behavior. Our entire field will miss his unique ability to "let the complex become simple".

M. Wegdam-Blans, L. Kampschreur, C. Delsing et al.

M. Galli, S. Portalupi, M. Belotti et al.

L. Kampschreur, C. Delsing, R. Groenwold et al.

S. Cano, A. Klassen, A. Scott et al.

S. Cano, A. Klassen, A. Scott et al.

James Burridge, Steven Kenney

The songs and calls of many bird species, like human speech, form distinct regional dialects. We suggest that the process of dialect formation is analogous to the physical process of magnetic domain formation. We take the coastal breeding grounds of the Puget Sound white crowned sparrow as an example. Previous field studies suggest that birds of this species learn multiple songs early in life, and when establishing a territory for the first time, retain one of these dialects in order to match the majority of their neighbours. We introduce a simple lattice model of the process, showing that this matching behaviour can produce single dialect domains provided the death rate of adult birds is sufficiently low. We relate death rate to thermodynamic temperature in magnetic materials, and calculate the critical death rate by analogy with the Ising model. Using parameters consistent with the known behavior of these birds we show that coastal dialect domain shapes may be explained by viewing them as low temperature "stripe states".

D. Raoult, P. Houpikian, H. Dupont et al.

B. Abelev, M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed et al.

L. Kampschreur, S. Dekker, J. Hagenaars et al.

Previous cardiac valvular surgery, vascular prosthesis, aortic aneurysm, renal insufficiency, and older age increased risk.

C. Adler, Z. Ahammed, C. Allgower et al.

Elliptic flow holds much promise for studying the early-time thermalization attained in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. Flow measurements also provide a means of distinguishing between hydrodynamic models and calculations which approach the low density (dilute gas) limit. Among the effects that can complicate the interpretation of elliptic flow measurements are azimuthal correlations that are unrelated to the reaction plane (non-flow correlations). Using data for Au + Au collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130 GeV from the STAR TPC, it is found that four-particle correlation analyses can reliably separate flow and non-flow correlation signals. The latter account for on average about 15% of the observed second-harmonic azimuthal correlation, with the largest relative contribution for the most peripheral and the most central collisions. The results are also corrected for the effect of flow variations within centrality bins. This effect is negligible for all but the most central bin, where the correction to the elliptic flow is about a factor of two. A simple new method for two-particle flow analysis based on scalar products is described. An analysis based on the distribution of the magnitude of the flow vector is also described.

A. de Bruin, R. V. D. van der Plaats, L. de Heer et al.

I. Karagiannis, B. Schimmer, A. Lier et al.

Dimitri Volchenkov, Jonathan Helbach, Marko Tscherepanow et al.

Searching experiments conducted in different virtual environments over a gender balanced group of people revealed a gender irrelevant scale-free spread of searching activity on large spatiotemporal scales. We have suggested and solved analytically a simple statistical model of the coherent-noise type describing the exploration-exploitation trade-off in humans ("should I stay or should I go"). The model exhibits a variety of saltatory behaviours, ranging from Levy flights occurring under uncertainty to Brownian walks performed by a treasure hunter confident of the eventual success.

Tsutomu Tsunooka, M. Androu, Y. Higashida et al.

R. Paschotta, R. Haring, E. Gini et al.

J. Poterba, Lawrence H. Summers