Yulia V. Kozlova, I. A. Savchenko, Vladimir D. Kuzmin
The concept of the city-text is substantiated as a methodological model for examining the value-based, motiva-tional, and meaningful dynamics of urban life. This article elucidates how the political contextuality of the city’s sign system delineates the unique subjective positioning of individuals and groups as actors within urban dis-course. The study explores the polysubjective integrative foundations and illustrates their impact on the trans-formations of personal, socio-cultural, and network identities of modern urbanites. It is emphasized that the concept of the city-text is shaped by linguistic, cultural, and social factors, among which urban identity and pol-ysubjectivity hold particular significance. Empirical research data – derived from sociological surveys and focus group interviews – are presented in the context of the stated model, revealing the nature of value and identity transformations in the dynamics of urban discourse. Based on the obtained results (theoretical and applied), the discourse of the city is defined as an intergenerational social relay race, the content of which is a multidi-mensional construct of the urban text unfolding at the intersection of subject fields and defining the parameters of the social identification matrix.
Sunarti Sunarti, Maya Damayanti, Mardwi Rahdriawan
et al.
Desa wisata rintisan memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan pariwisata pedesaan di Indonesia. Keunggulan kompetitif menciptakan daya saing untuk dapat menarik lebih banyak wisatawan. Namun, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal, Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang masih dalam tahap desa wisata rintisan menghadapi tantangan dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang dimiliki. Kapasitas sumber daya yang masih rendah, sulitnya perolehan sumber pembiayaan, dan belum adanya rencana tindak yang menjadi acuan realisasi wisata menjadi permasalahan dalam mengembangkan potensi di Desa Montongsari. Keberlanjutan wisata dapat tercapai dengan pendekatan partisipatif dan pengelolaan yang terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis keunggulan kompetitif melalui Community Based Tourism (CBT) dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan tim ahli, perangkat desa, dan masyarakat Desa Montongsari. Hasil FGD selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menghasilkan prioritas keunggulan kompetitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam analisis keunggulan kompetitif, daya tarik berupa event menjadi prioritas utama bagi Desa Wisata Montongsari. Hal ini didukung oleh kesiapan sumber daya, pengelola, dan masyarakat. Kebaruan penelitian adalah peran CBT dalam proses menentukan keunggulan kompetitif dan tantangan yang dihadapi. Dengan demikian, penerapan CBT dalam keunggulan kompetitif di Desa Montongsari cenderung mengintegrasikan antara partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan di Desa Montongsari.
This article explores social fragmentation as a source of social tension in urban environments through a multidisciplinary lens-philosophy, urban studies, sociology, behavioral science, anthropology, and neuroscience. The theoretical framework is grounded in the works of Henri Lefebvre, Jane Jacobs, Bryan Irwin, and other scholars of urban studies. The article proposes a comprehensive understanding of fragmentation across four interrelated dimensions.The first and central dimension is social fragmentation itself – the weakening of interpersonal ties and the blurring of group identities, which is particularly pronounced in large urban environments compared to rural settings. The second dimension is functional fragmentation, primarily caused by modernist approaches to urban planning, especially the division of cities into isolated functional zones, which undermines social interaction and reduces diversity. The third is spatial fragmentation, manifesting as physical ruptures in the urban fabric through physical and visual barriers, non-inclusive development, and empty in-between zones that hinder mobility and connectivity. The fourth dimension concerns human disconnection from nature, linked to a lack of green spaces, sensory overload, and the psychological effects of densely urbanized environments, which especially impact vulnerable social groups.The aim of the article is to develop a theoretical framework for a holistic analysis of the prerequisites for social tension and potential intergroup conflicts in urban settings. The proposed approach may serve as a basis for identifying new strategies of spatial organization focused on social cohesion, inclusivity, and the restoration of connections in the city.This study emphasizes the need to advance scientific approaches and calls for the development of new theoretical models for analyzing social fragmentation in cities across the following dimensions: social, functional, spatial, and comparatively anthropogenic–natural.
ABSTRACT:The article builds on perspectives in urban sociology on the modern city as a site of both freedom and constraint, as well as perspectives in urban literary criticism on the city as a system, as sense-specific, and as pointing to the future. These insights support the core goal of unpacking the young Swedish writer Eyvind Johnson’s meeting with the Continental European metropolis after World War I. This aim is realized in two steps. First, the article tracks Johnson’s subjective response to the city and the development of his aesthetic thinking through the lens of his correspondence from late 1921 to early 1923. Second, the article explores the literary outcome of the meeting with the metropolis in the form of a group of innovative but largely unappreciated short stories that Johnson published in newspapers in 1923. Finally, the article argues that the metropolitan experience furthered Johnson’s career as a writer, with the short fiction pieces serving as stepping stones toward his unique brand of expansive modernism, manifested in his subsequent book publications from the 1920s.
David Oluseun Olayungbo, Aziza Zhuparova, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
et al.
The relationship between oil price movements and stock markets during the COVID-19 pandemic and the geopolitical crisis like the ongoing Russian-Ukraine war is yet unexplored extensively. This study therefore examines the return-correlation effects of oil prices on stock markets and their spillover effects in oil-exporting and European countries using daily closing data. After estimating the GARCH process, we employ the static and dynamic Markov Switching model that allow the relationship between oil price and stock market to switch between two regimes coined the COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine war periods. The static model shows stock price returns to respond positively and significantly to oil price returns in Italy, Germany and the US during the Covid-19 period while the response is significantly positive only for US in the Russia-Ukraine war period. As regards the volatility spillover, significant spillover is found from stock to oil market for Nigeria, vice versa for Saudi Arabia and bi-directional volatility spillover found for the US, Italy and Germany during the COVID-19 period. The policy implication is that Nigeria and Saudi Arabia should prioritize financial policy and energy policy respectively while US, Italy and Germany should adopt policy coordination to stabilize oil-stock market volatility during low oil price period like the COVID-19 period.
Cities. Urban geography, Urbanization. City and country
Hlengiwe P. Maila, Lianne P. Malan, Adrino Mazenda
Background: The public housing delivery practices in South Africa are fragmented, resulting in various outcomes concerning housing delivery. There is a pressing need to overhaul public housing delivery that puts citizens at the core of the delivery process.
Aim: The current state-led model of delivering housing is not effective and by design, the model for housing delivery should include the participation of beneficiaries. The aim was to develop a co-production model for housing delivery.
Setting: The article focused on the housing sector in South Africa.
Methods: A qualitative research approach and grounded theory as research design was used. Instruments were document analysis and semi-structured interviews with participants who are stakeholders in housing co-production. Data collected was analysed through inductive thematic analysis.
Results: The results suggested a self-reliant approach to housing delivery, which is demand driven with the state as a facilitator and not the provider of housing. The model for housing should have a component that does not perpetuate a culture of dependency and entitlement but promotes the concept of co-production.
Conclusion: The article explored the possibility of introducing a co-production model for housing delivery model in South Africa. It was established that the role of government must shift to that of an enabler and facilitator instead of a provider of housing.
Contribution: This proposed model contributes towards the body of knowledge in terms of promoting public service delivery and performance (in this instance in the housing sector) in South Africa as a country situated in Africa.
Political institutions and public administration (General), Regional planning
The subject-matter and aim of this paper is to present the extent of poverty and economic and social exclusion in the countries of the European Union (EU-27). The specific aim is the comparative assessment and reduction of these processes between 2011 and 2022.
Regional economics. Space in economics, Economics as a science
Relevance. This article examines the topical issue of the role of the non-profit sector in urban development from a philosophical point of view. The authors cite key concepts that reveal the socio-legal aspects of the work of NGOs; define the socio-philosophical significance of the activities of non-profit organizations in Russian cities.The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of volunteer initiatives of the non-profit sector on the development of creative locations of cities, the dynamics of territorial development.Objectives: to determining the relationship of NGOs with the development of the creative potential of the city; socio-philosophical analysis of competitive materials of applications from non-profit organizations to civil society development funds; identification of directions for the formation of urban creative and innovative spaces created with the help of NGOs.Methodology. The work uses a systematic method, an analytical review and synthesis of the information under study. The authors used materials from open data reports on the evaluation of the results of the projects of the winners of the competitions for grants from the President of the Russian Federation for the development of civil society in 2022.Results. The result is an idea of the socio-cultural modernization of the urban sphere. Initiative in the implementation of voluntary urban socially significant projects forms the sustainability of urban living conditions, the investment and image attractiveness of the city, and the positive migration issue. The interrelation between initiative projects of representatives of the non-profit sector and socio-cultural design of the environment, activation of the creative class, and improvement of the comfort level of urban areas is revealed. Modern active NGOs in Russian cities represent the avant-garde, implementing creative projects and broadcasting cultural trends, creative practices that define the conceptual meanings of the development of a particular city (region). Projects based on the voluntary aspirations of citizens and related to the assistance of specific social groups acquire a sustainable character of development and form the features of the city.Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the work of the non-profit sector in Russian cities is transforming urban spaces by developing creative resources and creative industries.
The concept of the Right to the City, introduced into scientific use by Henri Lefebvre in the late 1960s, is actively used in the study of conflicts between residents and city authorities, as well as between different groups of citizens. However, such studies tend to overlook a special type of city — capitals, where the social demands of local residents oppose the political expectations of the country's population. In this case the debate around the interpretation of space comes to the fore, and here the conflict is transferred from the field of social and political activism to the field of symbols. This problem is especially acute in countries with ambiguous identities, where the capital is aimed to represent geographically and culturally diverse territories. Moscow is one of such capitals. This article, using the example of Moscow Zaryadye Park, examines the conflict of capital city space interpretation and possible ways of resolving it. Drawing on such sources as the projects, created by the participants of the contest to create the architectural concept of the park, analytical materials of “Zaryadye” digest, issued by Moscow Architecture and Urban Planning Committee, as well as Yandex.Wordstat web service statistics, the author shows, that the symbols of the capital and the local can coexist in one landscape. The article demonstrates that Zaryadye Park contains images of the capital that represent national identity. These images are embodied in specific design solutions that provide a balance between the interests of citizens, who perceive this space mainly physically, and the perception of the country’s population, for whom visual images play an important role. According to the author’s conclusion, it is precisely thanks to such objects as Zaryadye Park that it is possible to resolve the conflict around the interpretation of capital city space, which for the population of the country turns out to be political (the space of images), and for citizens — social (the space of functions).
We report on the findings of a qualitative research study exploring the benefits to mental, physical, and social well-being of regular interaction with the city’s green and blue spaces using a walking interview method to gauge the views of fifty frequent visitors to the city’s parks. This was followed by a second phase of research consisting of four focus groups exploring the experiences of those whose access to the city’s green and blue spaces is restricted, noting the effects of these limitations on their general well-being. Despite government-backed urban sustainable redesign initiatives to promote greater access to the city’s biodiversity, its elderly, disabled, and poorer socio-economic communities continue to encounter restrictions regarding their access to its green and blue spaces. By highlighting these issues, our aim is to show how a partial membership of the city’s sustainable development plan is enacted (i.e., a simultaneous inclusion of all community members rhetorically and an exclusion of the needs of many in practice) and reinforced in ways that reproduce socially embedded patterns of inequality. It calls for a more sociologically grounded analysis of the persistence of such inequalities as an important appendage to current discourse on the restorative benefits of the ‘15-minute city’ and as a corrective to current public participation measures that fail to incorporate lived experiences of unequal access to the city’s nature. It proposes a framework that addresses more effectively the distributive, recognition, and procedural dimensions of inclusive, sustainable city living.
Abstract Carroll Estes identifies a central aim of an ‘emancipatory gerontology’ as ‘advancing knowledge and the realization of dignity, access, equity and social justice through individual and collective agency and social institutions.’ Wright argues that the word ‘emancipation’ signals a central moral purpose in the production of knowledge, with ‘the elimination of oppression and the creation of conditions for human flourishing’. But the achievement of these aims has been undermined with the dismantling of the welfare state, extremes of economic inequality, and the expansion of precarious employment. The impact of such trends on groups such as older people continue to be the subject of extensive research. However, of additional concern are divisions created by economic and social forces operating within urban environments. Savage argues that large cities are not just products but drivers of inequality, with many European and North American cities no longer serving people from a wide range of communities, reflected in the decline of affordable housing, and the impact of gentrification. The presentation will consider how a political economy of the city, drawing on research in urban sociology, can re-vitalise a critical gerontology, bringing new perspectives on ageing and the life course. The paper will explore how this approach can be used as a framework for understanding new forms of inequality affecting later life. It will conclude by arguing that different ideas are needed for ‘thinking about’ ageing within cities, highlighting how innovations produced by urban environments can serve as a catalyst for emancipation and liberation from oppression.
The article handles the existence of the Adyghe language among the Adyghe youth studying in the universities of Maykop. In particular, two groups of Adyghe students are compared: students born in the city and those born in the countryside. This study is based on the results of an ethno-sociological mass survey of student youth in universities in Maikop, conducted in the spring of 2021. The data obtained show that Adyghe city students, less often than students born in rural are-as, use the Adyghe language in communication at home, on the street, and at work. The most sig-nificant reasons for such existence of the Adyghe language seem to be that students born in the city are less likely to speak the Adyghe language, and also live in a multi-ethnic environment that limits the use of the language in everyday life.
Mada Sophianingrum, Melisa Angelina, Prihadi Nugroho
Migration for rural communities is part of an adaptation strategy to deal with stresses and risks to their livelihoods. In fact, the rural agricultural sector is formidable compared to other sectors because it can survive and increase significantly even though the economy is being disrupted due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the role of migration strategies carried out by migrant households in Padas Village, Jono Village, and Gawan Village. The sustainable livelihood framework becomes a reference for assessing comprehensive household livelihood. This research uses a case study approach. In-depth data collection is carried out on migrants and migrant families with various migration characteristics. The results show that the migration strategy that occurs in Padas Village, Jono Village, and Gawan Village is influenced by the time of migration, differences in resources/livelihood capital characteristics, the context of vulnerability to livelihoods, and the migration strategy conducted. At the regional scale, although there are differences in the characteristics of resources/livelihood capital between the three villages, the role of migration remains the same. Meanwhile, the role of the migration strategy can be seen more clearly based on the time of migration that occurred in the three villages.
The purpose of this contribution is to discuss what roles the different economic sectors, and in particular services activities (the tertiary sector) play in regional develop ment, understood as growth in production, incomes and employment in weakly developed regions. This question is approached in two ways. The contribution first contains a - primarily theoretical - re-examination of the so-called economic base model, which states that services play a passive role in regional development. The discussion leads to substantial modifications of the model. The second approach is more empirical. It will take as its point of departure the proposition - often heard, but rarely examined - that since service activities are more concentrated in big cities than other activities and in recent decades have shown higher growth rates than other economic activities, it follows that the economic development is now pulled towards big city regions. Examined by way of a statistical analysis in Denmark and France, this proposition could not be verified.
Cities. Urban geography, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
Built on a cross-national sociological research that retraces the genesis of two large-scale urban renewal projects in the urban areas of Lille and Hamburg, this article shows to what extent they might be considered as gentrification policies and as a way to question this analytical category. Even if both—Union and IBA Hamburg—projects imply the social and symbolic triage of firms and populations that are legitimate to occupy the targeted neighbourhoods, the coalitions of actors who try to turn these “problem areas” into symbols of “metropolitan attractiveness” are far from acting in a coherent, omnipotent and unequivocal way. The processes of eviction and of real estate value-creation or -destruction throughout the design and implementation of these large-scale urban projects are the result of the action of these public-private coalitions as well as the consequence of their inaction and their (relative) incapacity to actually govern people and capital flows. Therefore, the (in)capacities of local governments to remove populations and businesses from these districts or to enhance the market and symbolic value of these spaces depends on the social and economic embeddedness of these policies.
Aesthetics of cities. City planning and beautifying, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
This paper proposes a new theoretical perspective for understanding urban social spaces and their interrelations. In an effort to understand these multifaceted, complex relations, an inquiry committed to a flat ontology was deployed. Accordingly, we draw our theorization on the Lacanian ontological lack, Harman’s object-oriented ontology, and Laclau and Mouffe’s discursivity of social reality. Thus, we propose that urban social spaces are discursive and real entities with real and sensual qualities and constituted through specific relations. They are located within discursive social relations, where each urban social space has a “differential position” in an urban system of relations. Each urban social space has an “identity,” defined by its specific mixture of social groups and its specific real and sensual qualities. These qualities construct a sensual object with a specific sensual identity within the web of different urban social spaces. Therefore, urban social spaces are being made through multiple interrelations and are constituted through their location in a nexus of positions. The proposed framework that captures the interrelations among urban social spaces is based on three interrelated logics: the logic of difference, the logic of equivalence, and the fantasmatic logic. Understanding the relations of urban social spaces through these logics offers multifaceted social, political, psychological, and spatial illumination, details, and a more nuanced and flexible investigation of the formation and change of these spaces. Hereby, the city is conceived as comprised of spatiotemporal configurations where social spaces have social and political relations ranging from harshly antagonistic to inclusive and equivalent. This proposed framework informs both sociological and political realms of planning theory. It provides planning theory with new perspectives for understanding the city as a web of interrelated social spaces. Furthermore, it allows a more critical understanding of urban reality by illuminating inequality, injustice, antagonism, and the formulation of “otherness.”
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this paper is to identify the professional expectations of students of Economics at the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska. The paper presents also respondents’ opinions on particularly desirable values of potential employers.
Regional economics. Space in economics, Economics as a science