Hasil untuk "Religion (General)"

C. Darwin

Stefan Huber, Odilo W. Huber

The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) is a measure of the centrality, importance or salience of religious meanings in personality that has been applied yet in more than 100 studies in sociology of religion, psychology of religion and religious studies in 25 countries with in total more than 100,000 participants. It measures the general intensities of five theoretical defined core dimensions of religiosity. The dimensions of public practice, private practice, religious experience, ideology and the intellectual dimensions can together be considered as representative for the total of religious live. From a psychological perspective, the five core-dimensions can be seen as channels or modes in which personal religious constructs are shaped and activated. The activation of religious constructs in personality can be regarded as a valid measure of the degree of religiosity of an individual. The CRS thus derives from the five dimensional measures a combined measure of the centrality of religiosity which is suitable also for interreligious studies. The paper presents the theoretical basis and rationale of its construction with different versions of the CRS in 20 languages with norm values for 21 countries. Furthermore, the paper presents versions of different extension and describes specific modifications that were developed for studies with Buddhists, Hindus and Muslims.

J. Norcross

P. Burnap, M. Williams

The use of “Big Data” in policy and decision making is a current topic of debate. The 2013 murder of Drummer Lee Rigby in Woolwich, London, UK led to an extensive public reaction on social media, providing the opportunity to study the spread of online hate speech (cyber hate) on Twitter. Human annotated Twitter data was collected in the immediate aftermath of Rigby's murder to train and test a supervised machine learning text classifier that distinguishes between hateful and/or antagonistic responses with a focus on race, ethnicity, or religion; and more general responses. Classification features were derived from the content of each tweet, including grammatical dependencies between words to recognize “othering” phrases, incitement to respond with antagonistic action, and claims of well-founded or justified discrimination against social groups. The results of the classifier were optimal using a combination of probabilistic, rule-based, and spatial-based classifiers with a voted ensemble meta-classifier. We demonstrate how the results of the classifier can be robustly utilized in a statistical model used to forecast the likely spread of cyber hate in a sample of Twitter data. The applications to policy and decision making are discussed.

A. Mahoney

E. Idler, M. Musick, C. Ellison et al.

Luca Ciotti

It has been proposed that the flat rotation curves observed at large radii in disk galaxies can be interpreted as an effect of General Relativity (GR) instead of the presence of dark matter (DM) halos in Newtonian gravity. In Ciotti (2022) the problem is rigorously explored in the special setting of the weak-field, low-velocity gravitomagnetic limit of GR. The rotation curves are obtained for purely baryonic disk models with realistic density profiles, and compared with the predictions of Newtonian gravity for the same disks, in absence of DM. The rotation curves are indistinguishable, with percentual GR corrections at all radii of the order of $\approx 10^{-6}$ or less, so that DM halos are required in gravitomagnetism as in Newtonian gravity. From a more general point of view, a list of the most urgent problems that must be addressed by any proposed GR-based alternative to the existence of DM, is given.

Hildegunn Valen Kleive, Vebjørn Horsfjord

Denne artikkelen er basert på observasjoner og intervjuer gjort på fire islamskoler i Norge. På disse ikke-formelle trosopplæringsarenaene finner vi spenninger og forhandlinger mellom muslimske normative idealer og hverdagslivets faktiske praksiser og tenkemåter. Vi finner at både moskeledere og foreldre knyttet til disse fellesskapene ønsker å styrke normative tolkninger av islam, samtidig som det er en betydelig anerkjennelse av og aksept for at idealene ikke nødvendigvis etterleves. Informantene framhever verdien av å møtes fysisk til undervisning i en tid med mange online-tilbud. Forfatterne benytter levd hverdagsreligions­perspektivet sammen med blant annet begrepet maksimalistisk islam. Nøkkelord: ikke-formell trosopplæring, islam, moske, ungdom, idealer

Abdulrazzaq Balaqrouz

افتتاحية العدد .. نحو إعادة الوصل بين علوم الوحي والدراسات الإنسانية

General Ozochiawaeze

Direct imaging methods recover the presence, position, and shape of the unknown obstacles in time-harmonic inverse scattering without a priori knowledge of either the physical properties or the number of disconnected components of the scatterer, i.e., on the boundary condition. However, most of these methods require multi-static data and only obtain partial information about the obstacle. These qualitative methods are based on constructing indicator functions defined on the domain of interest, which help determine whether a spatial point or point source lies inside or outside the scatterer. This paper explains the main themes of each of these methods, with emphasis on highlighting the advantages and limitations of each scheme. Additionally, we will classify each method and describe how some of these methods are closely related to each other.

N. V. Krishnendu, Frank Ohme

The detections of gravitational-wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescence by ground-based detectors have opened up the era of GW astronomy. These observations provide opportunities to test Einstein's general theory of relativity at the strong-field regime. Here we give a brief overview of the various GW-based tests of General Relativity (GR) performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration on the detected GW events to date. After providing details for the tests performed in four categories, we discuss the prospects for each test in the context of future GW detectors. The four categories of tests include the consistency tests, parametrized tests for GW generation and propagation, tests for the merger remnant properties, and GW polarization tests.

Piotr T. Chrusciel

A review of selected topics in mathematical general relativity

Jarosław Sobkowiak

e concept of the subjectivity of a person presented in this article has shown that man as a subject appears in constant references and relations in which his existence is embedded. On the one hand, it escapes the determinism of nature, on the other hand, it reveals a certain crack between its nature and action. is leads to the conclusion that even if a person is characterised by individuality, it is not a separate existence. It seems justified to return to the question of what makes a person, in spite of both external and internal variability; they remain the same or otherwise what builds and what destroys the subjectivity of the person? e question thus posed reveals the first threat to human subjectivity which is the fact of the existence of evil. For it is not only something external to man but also something that makes man both the “place” of the appearance of evil and responsible for evilB8. While staying in Ricoeur’s philosophy characterised by a dialectical movement one can already see in the language discussing evil a threat to certain “deposits of hope” present in his thoughtB<. For the religious language to which Ricoeur ultimately reduces the problem of evil is the language of hope and eschatology. Freedom also takes on a new meaning in this context. It is no longer just something that has been enslaved but above all something that is a “desire for the possible.” A possible freedom is the Resurrection. In this perspective, even evil and suffering can find their ultimate meaning, and the subjective character of morality does not threaten to fall into subjectivism. Moreover, it is in the name of such subjectivism that morality demands for the subject this “otherness,” the hope that comes from the Resurrection.

Leonardo Correia Bastos

Procura-se evidenciar a ligação existente entre a consciência de si e as relações intersubjetivas como principal elemento definidor do caráter humano em seus principais contornos. Com apoio na Dialética do Reconhecimento de Hegel, são buscados subsídios para indicar o fenômeno da aquisição da consciência de si como fruto de um impulso que se concretiza no encontro relacional entre sujeitos, numa dinâmica que se origina na busca de reconhecimento pelo sujeito individual (eu). As consequências obtidas pelo processo relacional vão criar, por meio da linguagem, as condições para um enorme desenvolvimento cognitivo do ser-humano, fruto do desenvolvimento de novas percepções e pensamentos. Característica singular que é fundamental para a compreensão das ações e comportamentos dos seres-humanos ao longo da sua existência, tanto individual quanto coletivamente.

Mahdi Ja&#039;afari, Abolfazl Shahabadi

Qardh al-hasan (or benevolent lending known as a form of interest-free loan), is introduced as a good tool to realize the general approach of "prohibition of Riba or usury". Also, the rights and privileges this contract provides to both parties make it attractive both for raising and saving funds and for the supplying of the invested funds; but the lender's complete confidence in the future purchasing power of the borrowed money is one of the key factors in people's decision to invest in Qardh al-hasan deposits, which depends on the quality of the economic environment. This paper examines the determinants of Qardh al-hasane deposits with emphasis on economic security in public and private Iranian banks over the period 1984-2016. The results show that economic security has a positive and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits. Also other variables such as volume of liquidity and Qardh al-hasane deposits and savings have positive and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits, while interest rate of bank deposits has negative and significant effect on Qardh al-hasane deposits.

Mohammad Taqiuddin Mohammad, Abdul Hannan, Alan Suud Maadi

Being declared in 2015 in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, sustainable development goals (SDGs) has an aim to answer various humanitarian-environment crisis of millennium era (MDGs). One of the main problems which become a focus is woman’s participation. Especially in development context, whether in international, national, or local scope. This paper entitle, The Marketing Strategy of Madura Tourism Industry Area trough Sustainable Development Based Gender. In particular, this study has an aim to analyze the existential of Madura woman, dealing with the area development based SDGs. Various crucial issues which become a focus of this study namely; the dynamic Madura tourism industry, sustainable development concept, and development idea based gender. The three crucial issues above will be elaborated based on the three research problems below: 1).How is the existence of Madura tourism? 2).Whatis the definition of sustainable development? 3). How is the position of gender plays a role and strategic function in marketing activity of Madura tourism industry for the next? This study is qualitative method. The data of this paper is from two sources namely primary and secondary data. The theory perspective of this study is using area marketing theory of Richard Florida and Femenis George Ritzer theory. In general, this paper has an aim to describe how the dynamic Madura tourism industry is, this study has big contribution in offering the Madura development idea, especially in promoting the local industry area to sustainable development area carrying the spirit of equality.  Keywords: Marketing area, Madura tourism, sustainable development, Gender.

Amritendu Haldar, Ritabrata Biswas

In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of Reissner-Nordström black holes embedded in higher $(d)$ dimensions in the framework of rainbow gravity incorporating the effects of the generalized uncertainty principle. We also examine all the properties graphically by varying the rainbow gravity parameter $η$ and the generalized uncertainty principle parameter $α$. We find the existence of remnant and critical mass of the concerned black hole. We calculate the local temperature, local internal energy and hence we analyse the thermal stability of the black hole by computing the local heat capacity. Further, we study the phase transitions of the aforesaid black hole solution under the effects of generalized uncertainty principle. From the analysis of the specific heat at the horizon, we observe that there are phase transitions for all dimensions but when we analyze the same, measured by the local observer, we find that there exist only two phase transitions.

K. Galek, K. Flannelly, C. Ellison et al.

Uus Uswatusolihah

This study focused on public speaking learning process for Indonesian moderation located at An Najah, Al Amin and Darussalam as pesantren partners of IAIN Purwokerto. Public Speaking learning process in pesantren has been conducted for long period of time and it has distinctive characters to be studied. This study is using explorativephenomenological methodology to uncovered this learning process. Data is collected using observation, interview and documentation. Result shows that public speaking and speaking techniques in general is mandatory subject for An Najah, Al Amin dan Darussalam. The objectives of Public speaking learning in those three pesantren is that the students could conveyed Islamic value and religion effectively. Public speaking is conducted in many methods and activities, such as muhadharah, discussion, role play on many programs and events where santri has responsibilities and authority for managing the process. There are differences in practising muhadharah on those three pesantrens. There are also workshops hosted by experts. With that the process of public speaking learning is more in practical way without theoretical-conceptual background. This results in public speaking theoretical concepts is rarely mastered, whereas pesantren is well known for its rich oral speech tradition.