Hasil untuk "Psychology"

R. Singer, H. Hausenblas, C. Janelle

Partial table of contents: SKILL ACQUISITION.Levels of Performance Skill: From Beginners to Experts (C. Wrisberg).Skill Acquisition During Childhood and Adolescence (K. Thomas, et al.).Attention (B. Abernethy).Expert Performance in Sport and Dance (J. Starkes, et al.).PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH LEVEL PERFORMANCE.Modeling: Considerations for Motor Skill Performance and Psychological Responses (P. McCullagh & M. Weis).Personality and the Athlete: Challenges and Promises for the Next Decade (Y. Auweele, et al.).Self--Efficacy Beliefs of Athletes, Teams, and Coaches (D. Feltz & C. Lirgg).The Psychophysiology of Sport: A Mechanistic Understanding of the Psychology of Superior Performance (B. Hatfield & C. Hillman).MOTIVATION.Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Sport and Exercise: A Review Using the Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation (R. Vallerand & F. Rouseau).Group Cohesion in Sport and Exercise (D. Paskevich, et al.).PSYCHOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE.Goal Setting (D. Burton, et al.).Imagery in Sport and Exercise (C. Hall).LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT.Moral Development and Behavior in Sport (D. Shields & B. Bredemeier).Youth in Sport: Psychological Considerations (R. Brustad, et al.).EXERCISE AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY.Using Theories of Motivated Behavior to Understand Physical Activity: Perspectives on Their Influence (S. Culos--Reed, et al.).Psychology of Sport Injury Rehabilitation (B. Brewer).A Social--Cognitive Perspective of Perceived Exertion and Exertion Tolerance (G. Tenenbaum).FUTURE DIRECTIONS.Future Directions in Sport Psychology (J. Silva).Index.

V. Noreika

At a time when environmentalists and economists are proclaiming that "small is beautiful" (383, 398), the research literature on human behavior in relation to its environmental settings continues to expand at a staggering rate. The rapid expansion of environmental psychology can be gauged by the diversity and sheer quantity of publications that have appeared since Kenneth Craik’s 1973 review of this area in the present series (92). During the past 5 years (from early 1972 through early 1977), no fewer than ten text books (13, 72, 151,194, 214, 271,306, 307a, 344, 372) and six edited readers (160, 210, 320, 352, 360, 400) were published, all of which pertain to the interface between human behavior and the sociophysical environment. In addition, two multiple volume series designed to communicate significant theoretical and methodological dvances in the field (15, 16, 41) were established, while more than 30 "state of the art" monographs and edited volumes on specific topics within the environment-and-behavior area appeared (5, 18, 33, 39, 42, 82, 89, 96, 102, 115, 116, 135, 157, 172, 176, 179, 212, 259, 264, 276, 304, 305, 307, 315, 318, 324, 388, 389, 408, 415, 426, 433, 443, 453, 490, 494). Also during the same period, numerous reviews and programmatic analyses of environmental psychology were published in existing psychological, sociological, and geographical journals (11, 12, 38, 69, 95, 180, 234, 277, 349, 375, 407, 432, 437), as well as in several textbooks on social psychology (36, 158, 330, 390, 423). Environmental psychologists have maintained a vigorous level of professional and interdisciplinary contact as evidenced by the published proceedings of recent Environmental Design Research Association (EDRA) meetings (74, 204, 346, 347, 420, 445) and International Architectural Psychology Conferences (71,258). As a fur-

Janet M. Gibson

HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY Master of Science: Specialization in Health Psychology This two-year, 39-credit program is designed for the student who wishes to obtain a research oriented graduate degree in the Behavioral Sciences. This program focuses on theory and research in Health Psychology. The program is intended to serve several populations including students who would like to continue graduate training in a research related behavioral sciences field, as well as individuals who require an advanced degree to further their careers. It should be noted that this program is not intended to lead to limited licensure as a clinician in Michigan.

Gordon Pennycook, David G. Rand

We synthesize a burgeoning literature investigating why people believe and share false or highly misleading news online. Contrary to a common narrative whereby politics drives susceptibility to fake news, people are 'better' at discerning truth from falsehood (despite greater overall belief) when evaluating politically concordant news. Instead, poor truth discernment is associated with lack of careful reasoning and relevant knowledge, and the use of heuristics such as familiarity. Furthermore, there is a substantial disconnect between what people believe and what they share on social media. This dissociation is largely driven by inattention, more so than by purposeful sharing of misinformation. Thus, interventions can successfully nudge social media users to focus more on accuracy. Crowdsourced veracity ratings can also be leveraged to improve social media ranking algorithms.

B. Mandel'

The manual is a unique course that includes a work program with modular technology. Each Chapter is accompanied by a list of key words for memorization and repetition, questions and tasks. The textbook also contains a list of required and additional literature, about the themes of the seminars and practical training, the approximate list of questions for self-study for exams and credits, the modular division of the. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. For students and teachers of pedagogical universities, psychologists, pediatricians, and for anyone interested in child psychology and psychology of development as an integral part of General psychology.

S. Chaiken, Y. Trope

M. Pickering, S. Garrod

E. E. Maccoby, C. Jacklin

B. Major, Laurie T. O’Brien

E. Yalow

P. Baltes

R. Gagné, D. Ausubel

J. Cohen, B. MacWhinney, M. Flatt et al.

Philipp Koehn

This chapter explores the entanglement of cognitive psychology with science fiction, but avoids familiar motifs from post-cyberpunk fiction. The beginnings of cognitive psychology are traced to the foundational work of figures such as George Miller and Noam Chomsky, subsequently codified into a self-conscious school by Ulrich Neisser. Jack Finney’s classic narrative, The Body Snatchers (1955), draws upon earlier proto-cognitivist discourses to contend, often quite didactically, that the human mind typically operates as a biased, limited capacity information processor. With this psychological and political thesis, the novel explores possible personal, political and aesthetic strategies that might free the human mind from its stereotypes and blind spots. The unsettling of everyday perception in The Body Snatchers is systematically generalized by the linguistic novums of Ian Watson’s The Embedding (1973), Samuel Delany’s Babel-17 (1966), and Ted Chiang’s ‘Story of Your Life’ (1998), which imagine that language (and thought) is fundamentally constructive of perceived reality. These stories ask broader, cosmological questions about the nature and accessibility of ultimate reality – with Watson’s novel ultimately proposing a mystical riposte to cognitivism’s model of the mind.

R. Larson

J. Thibaut, H. Kelley

R. Donovan, J. Rossiter

G. Holmbeck

R. Elliott, C. Fischer, D. Rennie

L. Waters, S. Algoe, J. Dutton et al.

ABSTRACT As the COVID-19 global health disaster continues to unfold across the world, calls have been made to address the associated mental illness public crisis. The current paper seeks to broaden these calls by considering the role that positive psychology factors can play in buffering against mental illness, bolstering mental health during COVID-19 and building positive processes and capacities that may help to strengthen future mental health. The paper explores evidence and applications from nine topics in positive psychology that support people through a pandemic: meaning, coping, self-compassion, courage, gratitude, character strengths, positive emotions, positive interpersonal processes and high-quality connections. In times of intense crisis, such as COVID-19, it is understandable that research is heavily directed towards addressing the ways in which people are wounded and weakened. However, this need not come at the expense of also investigating the ways in which people are sustained and strengthened.