Hasil untuk "Professions (General). Professional employees"

A. Abbott

Michael Farrell

This study investigates whether professional translators can reliably identify short stories generated in Italian by artificial intelligence (AI) without prior specialized training. Sixty-nine translators took part in an in-person experiment, where they assessed three anonymized short stories - two written by ChatGPT-4o and one by a human author. For each story, participants rated the likelihood of AI authorship and provided justifications for their choices. While average results were inconclusive, a statistically significant subset (16.2%) successfully distinguished the synthetic texts from the human text, suggesting that their judgements were informed by analytical skill rather than chance. However, a nearly equal number misclassified the texts in the opposite direction, often relying on subjective impressions rather than objective markers, possibly reflecting a reader preference for AI-generated texts. Low burstiness and narrative contradiction emerged as the most reliable indicators of synthetic authorship, with unexpected calques, semantic loans and syntactic transfer from English also reported. In contrast, features such as grammatical accuracy and emotional tone frequently led to misclassification. These findings raise questions about the role and scope of synthetic-text editing in professional contexts.

Kaiwen Zhou, Shreedhar Jangam, Ashwin Nagarajan et al.

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant productivity gains, they also introduce critical safety risks that remain under-explored. Existing safety evaluations primarily focus on simple, daily assistance tasks, failing to capture the intricate decision-making processes and potential consequences of misaligned behaviors in professional settings. To address this gap, we introduce \textbf{SafePro}, a comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate the safety alignment of AI agents performing professional activities. SafePro features a dataset of high-complexity tasks across diverse professional domains with safety risks, developed through a rigorous iterative creation and review process. Our evaluation of state-of-the-art AI models reveals significant safety vulnerabilities and uncovers new unsafe behaviors in professional contexts. We further show that these models exhibit both insufficient safety judgment and weak safety alignment when executing complex professional tasks. In addition, we investigate safety mitigation strategies for improving agent safety in these scenarios and observe encouraging improvements. Together, our findings highlight the urgent need for robust safety mechanisms tailored to the next generation of professional AI agents.

Yao Lyu, Tawanna Dillahunt, Jiaying Liu et al.

One's profession is an essential part of modern life. Traditionally, professional development has been criticized for excluding people with disabilities. People with visual impairments, for example, face disproportionately low employment rates, highlighting persistent gaps in professional opportunities. Recently, there has been growing research on social media platforms as spaces for more equitable career development approaches. In this paper, we present an interview study on the professional development experiences of 60 people with visual impairments on TikTok (also known as "BlindTokers"). We report BlindTokers' goals, strategies, and challenges, supported by detailed examples and in-depth analysis. Based on the findings, we identify that BlindTokers' practices reveal an alternative professional development approach that is more flexible, inclusive, personalized, and diversified than traditional models. Our study also extends professional development research by foregrounding emerging digital skills and proposing design implications to foster more equitable and inclusive professional opportunities.

V. I. Evdokimov, M. Sannikov

Relevance. Firefighters rank among the ten most dangerous professions in the world. According to the working conditions criterion, firefighting belongs to dangerous occupations, impregnated the risk of acute diseases or even death.The objective is to analyze the medical and statistical indicators for major nosologies among the fire and rescue units based on the International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems, 10th revision (ICD–10) and respective disease chapters, with a focus on prevention measures.Methods. From 2020 through 2024, the outpatient department of the Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, performed regular medical examinations in 3,037 firefighters, including 77 % of officers with specialized ranks and 22.6 % of employees serving in fire and rescue units of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia. The firefighters’ age ranged from 19 to 54 years (mean age of 34.3 ± 0.14 years), with their professional experience spanning from 6 months to 36 years (mean value of 10.5 ± 0.13 years). All subjects were split in two subgroups by age (19–34 years vs. ³ 35 years) and in three subgroups by professional experience (0–5 years; 6–14 years; ³ 15 years). The results were calculated in ppm per 1,000 firefighters. A statistically significant extra morbidity rate was calculated for the subgroup aged ³ 35 years and the subgroup with ³15 years of work experience. The normality of data distribution was tested using the KolmogorovSmirnov test. Long–term average rates were calculated as the sum of absolute indicators over 5 years of observation. Average annual rates were calculated as arithmetic mean values and standard errors (M ± m) derived from annual rates. The similarity (or difference) in nosology indicators across disease chapters was determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test.Results and analysis. Based on the regular medical examination results obtained from 2020 through 2024, the average long–term morbidity rate among firefighters was 2700.4 ‰, with an average annual rate of 2946.4 ± 315.2 ‰. A decrease in overall morbidity and somatic burden was observed over time depending on age and work experience. For example, the morbidity rate among firefighters aged ³ 35 years was 2.5 times higher than among the 19–34 (p < 0.001) years subgroup; in the subgroup with ³ 15 years of work experience, the morbidity rate was almost 3.3 times higher than in the subgroup with 0–5 years of experience (p < 0.001). Although the firefighter morbidity rate was calculated by age and work experience, negative occupational factors exercised a more significant impact, e.g. the extra occupational contribution to the average long–term morbidity rate was 426.7 ‰ with statistically significant differences, if calculated by disease chapters, vs. 327 ‰ calculated by blocks. Among the general cohort of firefighters, 6 nosologies were identified responsible for ³ 5% of morbidity rate (listed top to bottom by prevalence): Dorsopathies (M40–M54) with an average long–term rate of 282.2 ‰ and 11 % of the total incidence; Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction (H49–H52) 276.9 ‰ and 10.8 %; Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–K31) 252.6 ‰ and 9.8 %; Metabolic disorders (E70–E90) 172.2 ‰ and 6.7 %; Other diseases of upper respiratory tract (J30–J39) 157.7 ‰ and 6.1 %; Obesity and other hyperalimentation (E65–E68) 153.8 ‰ and 6.0 %, respectively. The total contribution of these disease blocks was 50 % of the total morbidity rate.Conclusion. Efficient medical care and preventive measures contributed to a decrease in the age–related morbidity among firefighters. Unfortunately, greater exposure to adverse occupational factors has been registered as well noted. Early disease diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation can significantly improve the morbidity rates among firefighters.

Finn Wiedemann

Franck Vandewiele, Remi Synave, Samuel Delepoulle et al.

Text-to-image (TTI) models are increasingly used in professional, educational, and creative contexts, yet their outputs often embed and amplify social biases. This paper investigates gender representation in six state-of-the-art open-weight models: HunyuanImage 2.1, HiDream-I1-dev, Qwen-Image, FLUX.1-dev, Stable-Diffusion 3.5 Large, and Stable-Diffusion-XL. Using carefully designed prompts, we generated 100 images for each combination of five hospital-related professions (cardiologist, hospital director, nurse, paramedic, surgeon) and five portrait qualifiers ("", corporate, neutral, aesthetic, beautiful). Our analysis reveals systematic occupational stereotypes: all models produced nurses exclusively as women and surgeons predominantly as men. However, differences emerge across models: Qwen-Image and SDXL enforce rigid male dominance, HiDream-I1-dev shows mixed outcomes, and FLUX.1-dev skews female in most roles. HunyuanImage 2.1 and Stable-Diffusion 3.5 Large also reproduce gender stereotypes but with varying degrees of sensitivity to prompt formulation. Portrait qualifiers further modulate gender balance, with terms like corporate reinforcing male depictions and beautiful favoring female ones. Sensitivity varies widely: Qwen-Image remains nearly unaffected, while FLUX.1-dev, SDXL, and SD3.5 show strong prompt dependence. These findings demonstrate that gender bias in TTI models is both systematic and model-specific. Beyond documenting disparities, we argue that prompt wording plays a critical role in shaping demographic outcomes. The results underscore the need for bias-aware design, balanced defaults, and user guidance to prevent the reinforcement of occupational stereotypes in generative AI.

Diana Wolfe, Matt Price, Alice Choe et al.

This study investigates whether demographic factors shape adoption and attitudes among employees toward artificial intelligence (AI) technologies at work. Building on an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), which reintroduces affective dimensions such as attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety, we surveyed 2,257 professionals across global regions and organizational levels within a multinational consulting firm. Non-parametric tests examined whether three demographic factors (i.e., years of experience, hierarchical level in the organization, and geographic region) were associated with AI adoption, usage intensity, and eight UTAUT constructs. Organizational level significantly predicted AI adoption, with senior employees showing higher usage rates, while experience and region were unrelated to adoption. Among AI users (n = 1,256), frequency and duration of use showed minimal demographic variation. However, omnibus tests revealed small but consistent group differences across several UTAUT constructs, particularly anxiety, performance expectancy, and behavioral intention, suggesting that emotional and cognitive responses to AI vary modestly across contexts. These findings highlight that demographic factors explain limited variance in AI acceptance but remain relevant for understanding contextual nuances in technology-related attitudes. The results underscore the need to integrate affective and organizational factors into models of technology acceptance to support equitable, confident, and sustainable engagement with AI in modern workplaces.

Soumita Roy, Md Muntasir Kamal Dihan, Tasnimah Haque et al.

Purpose With an emphasis on elements like financial knowledge, financial attitude, social influence, financial self-efficacy, and financial management practices, this study explores the factors that influence employees' saving behavior in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We also welcome others to work on saving behavior, which is the main reason for publishing. The purpose is to make others aware of the methods for quantitative financial behavior analysis in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design. Data was collected from 40 participants through a structured questionnaire adapted from reliable sources. The questionnaire captured demographic information and used established items to measure the key variables. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis using Cronbachs alpha, and regression analysis to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings The results indicate that among the factors examined, only financial management practices had a significant positive relationship with saving behavior. Rest of the factors did not show significant relationships with saving behavior in this study sample. Limitation or Disclaimer It is still a work in progress, this paper is meant for pre-print with mostly incomplete and limited data. No data cleaning was performed, so it is very likely to include outliers and faulty data. Originality or value This study contributes to the limited research on saving behavior determinants in the Bangladeshi context, specifically among employees in the capital city of Dhaka. It explores the influence of multiple factors, including the rarely studied aspect of social influence.

С. Е. Филиппова

Исследование направлено на изучение вопросов психологической безопасности и предотвращение риска профессионально-эмоционального выгорания педагогов – кураторов студенческих групп вуза. Внимание уделено влиянию психологического климата, профессионального самочувствия профессорско-преподавательского состава на безопасность образовательной среды. В качестве гипотез выдвинуты предположения, что академическая и воспитательная среда вуза в целом удовлетворяет требованиям безопасности с точки зрения психологического благополучия преподавателей и кураторов (при этом часть кураторов могут нуждаться в психологической поддержке) и что существует связь между показателями психологического благополучия и удовлетворенностью трудом. В исследовании прияли участие 93 куратора студенческих групп педагогического вуза, из них 79 женщин, 14 мужчин, возрастной диапазон 22–66 лет. Безопасность образовательной среды оценивалась через критерии: удовлетворенность трудом, профессиональное выгорание, психологическое здоровье кураторов студенческих групп. Диагностические инструменты: симптоматический опросник SCL-90, «Интегральный показатель удовлетворенности трудом», «Диагностика профессионального „выгорания“ (К. Маслач, С. Джексон, в адаптации Н.Е. Водопьяновой)». Установлено, что в целом академическая и воспитательная среда вуза удовлетворяют требованиям безопасности с точки зрения психологического благополучия преподавателей и кураторов, при этом часть кураторов испытывает определенные проявления психологического неблагополучия, им требуется психологическая помощь. Выявлены слабые корреляции между симптомами выгорания и общей удовлетворенностью профессией, демонстрируя сложную динамику факторов, влияющих на психологическое здоровье преподавателей. Работа подчеркивает необходимость комплексного подхода к обеспечению психологического благополучия преподавателя, особенно учитывая влияние кураторов на создание безопасного пространства для студентов. Эти выводы могут быть использованы при реализации воспитательного процесса в вузах и помогают разрабатывать программы поддержки сотрудников университета. The study is aimed at studying the issues of psychological safety and preventing the risk of professional-emotional burnout of teachers-curators of student groups of the university. Attention is paid to the influence of the psychological climate, professional well-being of the teaching staff on the safety of the educational environment. As hypotheses, it is suggested that the academic and educational environment of the university, in general, meets the safety requirements in terms of the psychological well-being of teachers and curators, while some curators may need psychological support; there is a link between measures of psychological well-being and job satisfaction. The study involved 93 curators of student groups of a pedagogical university, of which: 79 women, 14 men, age range 22-66 years. The safety of the educational environment was assessed through the criteria: satisfaction with work, professional burnout, psychological health of the curators of student groups. Diagnostic tools: Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), «Integral Index of Job Satisfaction», «Professional Burnout Diagnosis» (C. Maslach, S. Jackson, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova). It has been established that, in general, the academic and educational environment of the university meets the safety requirements in terms of the psychological well-being of teachers and curators, while some curators experience certain manifestations of psychological distress, they require psychological assistance. Weak correlations between the symptoms of burnout and general satisfaction with the profession were identified, demonstrating the complex dynamics of factors affecting the psychological health of teachers. The work emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to ensuring the psychological well-being of the teacher, especially given the influence of curators to create a safe space for students. These conclusions can be used in the implementation of the educational process in universities and help develop programs to support university employees.

V.V. Barkova, A. Savchenkov, N. Mamylina et al.

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical review of specific features of students’ socialization, adjusted to the contemporary conditions of multi-vector social challenges, and also assesses the impact of unregulated (creative) and strictly algorithmic professional orientation on the process of students’ socialization within the cultural learning environment of higher educational institutions. Interest in the problem of the phenomena under study is determined by recent discussions around the cultural learning environment of higher educational institutions, the specifics of its self-deployment in a rapidly and unpredictably changing social reality. The purpose of the article is to study the phenomenon of professional orientation and its role in the students’ socialization within the cultural learning environment of higher educational institutions. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study was socio-philosophical and systemic approaches. The authors used the methodological principles of dialectics, historicism, determinism, unity of consciousness and activity, development and personal approach (A.N. Leontyev, K.K. Platonov, S.L. Rubinstein and others); the principle of sociocultural determination of processes and phenomena (B.G. Ananyev, L.S. Vygotsky, S.L. Rubinstein and others); the principle of a systematic approach to the study of a holistic personality and individuality (A.V. Karpov, B.F. Lomov, V.D. Shadrikov, E.F. Yashchenko and others); the principle of metasystem as a general principle of organization (A.B. Karpov, E.V. Karpova, E.F. Yashchenko); the principle of a systemic genetic approach to the study of problems of professional development and fulfillment of employees (E.F. Zeer, A.K. Markova, L.M. Mitina, Yu.P. Povarenkov, V.D. Shadrikov). Among the methods used by the authors are: comparative historical, deductive, chronological, generalization and analysis. In order to assess the professional orientation of the individual, O.P. Eliseev’s ‘Orientation of the individual’ inventory was used. Results. The main results consist in identifying the role of professional orientation in students’ socialization within the cultural learning environment of higher educational institutions. (1) It was revealed that professional orientation is identified with the manifestation of a general orientation in professional activity, indicating a selective attitude to the profession, determined by all motives in the motivational sphere of an individual. (2) It was revealed that traditionally professional orientation includes subsystems of technical and humanitarian preparation that differ from each other and were identified on the basis of a criterion reflecting the relationship between personal characteristics and the professional sphere. (3) The position that personality orientation plays one of the key roles in the professionalization of an individual, determines their motivation, and also contributes to successful socialization in the context of studying at a university is substantiated. The authors highlight current problems of the phenomenon of individual’s professional orientation as a complex structured system of cognitive knowledge, which acts as a basis for the student to master the understanding of the humanistic role of professional education in the development of not just an individual zone of the competence field of action, but, above all, civic responsibility for the quality of one's own activities in the certain sphere of social existence. Conclusions. Finally, the authors conclude that as a result of theoretical analysis, they have identified specific features of the genesis of such concepts as individual’s professionalization, personality orientation, socialization, professional orientation) in the comparative context of the socio-philosophical paradigm of socio-cultural characteristics of education. The position is substantiated that professionalization, taking into account the orientation of students in the cultural learning environment of higher educational institutions, is a criterion for their socialization.

С.А. Софронова

В статье определяется роль профессиональной этики в механизме обеспечения баланса между требованиями права и нравственности в юридической деятельности. Поиск компромисса между правом и моралью в процессе принятия юридически значимых решений в условиях возможности субъективного толкования права посредством использования оценочных понятий, при наличии властных полномочий, в рамках реализации функции государственного принуждения остается актуальной задачей, решение которой достигается различными способами. Одним из таких является предъявление повышенных этических требований к представителям юридической профессии в целом, так и правоохранительной службы в частности. Исследуется роль кодексов профессиональной этики как регулятора служебного поведения сотрудников на примере уголовно-исполнительной системы, определяется их вспомогательная функция при толковании норм законодательства, содержащего указания на необходимость соблюдения норм профессиональной этики, а также обобщенные оценочные понятия, анализируется судебная практика по вопросам их практического применения. The article defines the role of professional ethics in the mechanism of ensuring a balance between the requirements of law and morality in legal activity. It is crucial to search for a compromise between law and morality in the process of making legally significant decisions, since subjective interpretation of law is possible by means of evaluative concepts within the framework of the implementation of the coercion function of the state. The problem can be solved in various ways. One of these is the imposition of increased ethical requirements on representatives of the legal profession in general and the law enforcement service in particular. The article considers the role of professional ethics codes as a regulator of official behavior of employees on the example of the penal system, defines their auxiliary function in interpreting legislation that contains indications of the need to comply with professional ethics standards, as well as generalized evaluative concepts, and analyzes judicial practice on their practical application.

A. A. Buchek, Natalia N. Zubareva, L. Gabueva et al.

INTRODUCTION. The professional activity of the subject of labor is viewed primarily through the phenomenon of professional activity, understood as a manifestation of subject activity, the need to “serve”, enthusiasm, demonstrated in professional activity and providing the degree of interaction and the nature of relationships, and reflecting the hierarchy of personality motives, designed to ensure the optimal functioning of a person in the profession and in life. The key importance is given to the structure of motivation of professional activity. Job satisfaction is thus considered to be one of the significant characteristics of the quality of satisfaction of a person’s psycho-emotional, personal, and social needs, affecting his or her psychological well-being. The article is focused on the study of the structure of professional motivation among education workers with different levels of professional satisfaction. AIM. Research into the structure of professional motivation among education workers with different levels of professional satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was conducted using the “Integral satisfaction with work” method by Batarshev A.V., the “Motivation of professional activity” method (Zamfir K. in the modification of Rean A.A.), the “Self-assessment of professional development” and “Professional development and motivation” methods by Lazareva M.V. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the SPSS Statistical 23 program. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The authors reviewed the results of an empirical study of the structure of professional motivation among employees of general education organisations in five Russian regions (n = 371). The components of motivation for professional activity that are most significant for managers and teachers of modern schools were found: personal interest (average = 7.12), relationships with employees (average = 6.26), satisfaction with the level of professional aspirations (average = 5.74), preference for job content over earnings (average = 5.62). A divergence in the structure of the motivational organization of education workers was identified, categorized by high and low levels of professional satisfaction. It was found that teachers with high levels of satisfaction are characterized by a motivational structure in which internal motivation and a focus on professional development play a key role. Teachers with low levels of satisfaction have a more uniform motivational structure, which is mainly expressed in a focus on extrinsic incentives. CONCLUSION. The results of the study, aimed at studying the psychological well-being of a person in a professional environment through the formation of satisfaction with professional activity, led to the conclusion about the different structure of professional motivation of teachers with high and low levels of job satisfaction, and therefore identified the need for a differentiated approach to building managerial decisions. Social conditions and pragmatic incentives are considered by us as a possible reason for a decrease in teachers’ satisfaction with their professional activities, and therefore their maintenance is important at the level of an educational institution. The research results can be used to develop organizational programs aimed at increasing teachers’ satisfaction with professional activities and improving their psychological well-being.

S. A. Demkin, S. A. Peredelskaya, V. Adzhienko et al.

The effectiveness of a district general practitioner (DGP) largely depends on their value orientations and their attachment to the workplace. New opportunities for diagnosing personal traits at the stage of selection and recruitment of medical personnel demonstrate their usefulness and potential for effective application. The number of publications confirming the influence of an employee’s personality traits on the selection and recruitment process, as well as on the quality of their work – including among district general practitioners – is increasing. The aim of this study is to examine the most important value orientations for DGPs as an element of the medical job profile, using the example of district general practitioners at the State Healthcare Institution "Polyclinic No. 2" in Volgograd. Materials and Methods. Value orientations in the careers of district general practitioners at the State Healthcare Institution "Polyclinic No. 2" were studied within the framework of medical job profiling. Edgar Schein’s Career Anchors methodology was used for the study. A survey was conducted involving 35 specialists from the medical organization. Results and Discussion. The dominant career anchors among the group of doctors were "service" and "lifestyle integration". The main values within the "service" anchor included "working with people", "serving humanity", "helping people", and "the desire to make the world a better place", which define commitment to the profession, love and patience towards patients, as well as the specifics of the therapeutic and diagnostic process in the role of a district general practitioner. Conclusion. The intensive and demanding work of a district general practitioner requires the development of appropriate professional and personal skills during the adaptation process. The success of this process is largely possible due to the career anchors of "service", "lifestyle integration", "professional competence", and "autonomy" at the early stages of professional development of young specialists.

Lars Frode Frederiksen, Jakob Ditlev Bøje

To become the principal of a high school has traditionally been something highly honorable. An appointment filled with pride, significance, and, like so much else in high school, professionalism. Over the past 20 years, the high school sector has been subjected to a series of reforms that question this appointment process. Primus inter pares, the best among equals, is no longer an automatic principle. Therefore, this article poses the question: Through which mechanisms are principals chosen and choose themselves to become leaders, and what can these mechanisms reveal about the development and stability of high schools? The conclusion is that the traditional mechanism for becoming a principal, primus inter pares, is preserved while also undergoing change. The examined principals emphasize experience within the high school, and they have all been identified by another principal. However, it is no longer solely the narrow professional aspect that determines one's suitability to be primus inter pares. And increasingly, the best among equals is a woman.

Mahyar Karimi, Kamyar Seyedkazem Viliyani

Employee's knowledge is an organization asset. Turnover may impose apparent and hidden costs and irreparable damages. To overcome and mitigate this risk, employee's condition should be monitored. Due to high complexity of analyzing well-being features, employee's turnover predicting can be delegated to machine learning techniques. In this paper, we discuss employee's attrition rate. Three different supervised learning algorithms comprising AdaBoost, SVM and RandomForest are used to benchmark employee attrition accuracy. Attained models can help out at establishing predictive analytics.

Amani Emad Jawad Al Radhi, A. Abdulahad

The auditors knowledge of professional risks is one of the basic means of success in practicing the profession, and this requires a review of the methodological framework related to qualification of the auditor; use of technology has led to the emergence of many risks, and these risks have been classified into different types, and use of technology has brought almost radical changes In the practice of the profession, as it affected types of services provided by the auditing profession, such as assurance services or advisory services. The research aims mainly to identify the extent to which it is possible to reduce the risks of auditing profession in improving quality of auditing from point view of auditors and employees in auditing offices who are allowed to practice occupation. Among the most important results reached: The most important factors in judging audit quality are experience with the client, knowledge in the field of activity, and the effect of the auditors assessment of audit risks on the audit procedures necessary to respond to the assessed risks when auditing the financial statements. The recommendation that it proposes is to pay attention to continuing professional education and intensifying training courses in auditing and accounting. Paying attention to the consolidation of moral values by senior management to reduce the risks of the auditing profession in economic units.

Jonas Andreasen Lysgaard, Sanne Haase

Artiklen undersøger, i hvilken grad bæredygtig udvikling optræder inden for strategiske satsninger blandt danske universiteter og professionshøjskoler (Lysgaard & Haase 2021). Dette sker på baggrund af en forståelse af, at danske institutioner rykker på bæredygtighedsdagsorden i forskellige tempi og retninger (Bauer, Rieckmann, Niedlich & Bormann 2021). Grundlaget for bidraget er en kortlægning og komparativ analyse af danske professionshøjskoler og universiteters strategiske satsninger inden for området med specielt fokus på sammenhænge, overlap og modsætninger mellem strategier, uddannelsesudvikling og uddannelsespraksis (Lysgaard & Jørgensen 2020b; Wals & Jickling 2002). Forskningsfelterne, som bidraget bevæger sig inden for, er uddannelse for bæredygtig udvikling (UBU) og kritiske perspektiver på institutionelle translationsprocesser (Czarniawska 2012; Læssøe 2020; Røvik 2016). Vi har undersøgt tilgængelige strategi-papirer og andre relevante dokumenter fra alle 15 danske universiteter og professionshøjskoler, og i hvilken grad bæredygtig udvikling og nabo-begreber som bæredygtighed, grøn omstilling, verdensmål etc. optræder. Vores resultater peger på, at tre forskellige tilgange til bæredygtig udvikling er på spil: 1) Bæredygtighed som vækst, 2) Bæredygtig udvikling som understøttelse af praksis og 3) UBU som en del af en større holistisk transformation af uddannelse og samfund. Dette peger på en række forskellige tilgange til arbejdet med og implementeringen af UBU, der spænder over forgrønning af campus, komplekse koblinger mellem uddannelse og praksis, svære møder mellem ledelse og underviser-/forsker-interesser og generelt store nuanceforskelle på ambitionsniveauet mellem de forskellige institutioner.

David Noever, Matt Ciolino

Using a novel professional certification survey, the study focuses on assessing the vocational skills of two highly cited AI models, GPT-3 and Turbo-GPT3.5. The approach emphasizes the importance of practical readiness over academic performance by examining the models' performances on a benchmark dataset consisting of 1149 professional certifications. This study also includes a comparison with human test scores, providing perspective on the potential of AI models to match or even surpass human performance in professional certifications. GPT-3, even without any fine-tuning or exam preparation, managed to achieve a passing score (over 70% correct) on 39% of the professional certifications. It showcased proficiency in computer-related fields, including cloud and virtualization, business analytics, cybersecurity, network setup and repair, and data analytics. Turbo-GPT3.5, on the other hand, scored a perfect 100% on the highly regarded Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP) exam. This model also demonstrated competency in diverse professional fields, such as nursing, licensed counseling, pharmacy, and aviation. Turbo-GPT3.5 exhibited strong performance on customer service tasks, indicating potential use cases in enhancing chatbots for call centers and routine advice services. Both models also scored well on sensory and experience-based tests outside a machine's traditional roles, including wine sommelier, beer tasting, emotional quotient, and body language reading. The study found that OpenAI's model improvement from Babbage to Turbo led to a 60% better performance on the grading scale within a few years. This progress indicates that addressing the current model's limitations could yield an AI capable of passing even the most rigorous professional certifications.

Veera Vimpari, Annakaisa Kultima, Perttu Hämäläinen et al.

Text-to-image generation (TTIG) models, a recent addition to creative AI, can generate images based on a text description. These models have begun to rival the work of professional creatives, and sparked discussions on the future of creative work, loss of jobs, and copyright issues, amongst other important implications. To support the sustainable adoption of TTIG, we must provide rich, reliable and transparent insights into how professionals perceive, adopt and use TTIG. Crucially though, the public debate is shallow, narrow and lacking transparency, while academic work has focused on studying the use of TTIG in a general artist population, but not on the perceptions and attitudes of professionals in a specific industry. In this paper, we contribute a qualitative, exploratory interview study on TTIG in the Finnish videogame industry. Through a Template Analysis on semi-structured interviews with 14 game professionals, we reveal 12 overarching themes, structured into 49 sub-themes on professionals' perception, adoption and use of TTIG systems in games industry practice. Experiencing (yet another) change of roles and creative processes, our participants' reflections can inform discussions within the industry, be used by policymakers to inform urgently needed legislation, and support researchers in games, HCI and AI to support the sustainable, professional use of TTIG to benefit people and games as cultural artefacts.