Hasil untuk "Political institutions and public administration (General)"

Sidrah Khalil, Sarah Mansour, Marwa Shibl Biltagy

Materialism, characterized by prioritizing material possessions over intrinsic values, has been shown to negatively impact well-being, social behavior, and economic activities. However, limited research addresses interventions to reduce materialism in non-WEIRD societies, particularly in the Middle East. This study examines the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in lowering personal materialism among Egyptian youth, a demographic displaying significant materialistic tendencies. Utilizing a survey experiment with 296 participants from Egypt’s 25 governorates, the study employed Richins and Dawson’s Material Values Scale (1992) to measure materialism. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three interventions: boosting self-esteem, fostering gratitude, or promoting empathy, in addition to a control group. Results indicate that interventions targeting self-esteem and empathy significantly reduced materialism overall score (p < 0.05) and (p < .01), respectively, and materialism score was associated with centrality, while self-esteem, gratitude, and empathy notably lower materialism in dimensions associated with success. However, no significant impact was observed on materialism's score. These findings highlight the potential of governance measures and behaviorally-informed policies in addressing materialism and suggest tailored interventions to promote intrinsic values among youth.

Eliud Shani Ominde, Justine Mukhungulu Maira

Increasingly, countries world-over are promoting citizenship in the planned curricula in schools as a medium of sustaining cohesion and unity within the society. This study employed the praxis of Kenneth Kaunda’s African humanist philosophy ideas in enhancing citizenship education in primary school education. Since this is a philosophical inquiry, the study adopted conceptual analysis as the main technique of investigation. Conceptual analysis is a traditional method of clarifying constructs in the form of a philosophical inquiry. Philosophers use this technique to clarify the meanings and boundaries of concepts to enhance understanding. The study found out that Zambian humanism is a critical worldview in championing citizenship education in Kenya since its ideas are consistent with the Basic Education curriculum Framework of 2017 and Chapter Six of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 on Leadership and Integrity.

Hlengiwe P. Maila, Lianne P. Malan, Adrino Mazenda

Background: The public housing delivery practices in South Africa are fragmented, resulting in various outcomes concerning housing delivery. There is a pressing need to overhaul public housing delivery that puts citizens at the core of the delivery process. Aim: The current state-led model of delivering housing is not effective and by design, the model for housing delivery should include the participation of beneficiaries. The aim was to develop a co-production model for housing delivery. Setting: The article focused on the housing sector in South Africa. Methods: A qualitative research approach and grounded theory as research design was used. Instruments were document analysis and semi-structured interviews with participants who are stakeholders in housing co-production. Data collected was analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Results: The results suggested a self-reliant approach to housing delivery, which is demand driven with the state as a facilitator and not the provider of housing. The model for housing should have a component that does not perpetuate a culture of dependency and entitlement but promotes the concept of co-production. Conclusion: The article explored the possibility of introducing a co-production model for housing delivery model in South Africa. It was established that the role of government must shift to that of an enabler and facilitator instead of a provider of housing. Contribution: This proposed model contributes towards the body of knowledge in terms of promoting public service delivery and performance (in this instance in the housing sector) in South Africa as a country situated in Africa.

David Irwin, Mercy Kyande

Governments create advisory committees and arm’s-length agencies and then delegate responsibilities and powers, sometimes merely to provide policy advice but sometimes to implement regulation. Interest groups, and especially groups representing private businesses, are often appointed to such committees. As a result, they proactively seek appointment to policy advisory committees and boards established by government, believing that this offers one route amongst several to promote their interests to government and to influence public policy. But little is known about whether they are then successful in influencing policy outcomes. This paper addresses that gap – specifically by reviewing interest groups’ perceptions of their effectiveness, given the challenges of assessing actual effectiveness, in policy advisory committees in Kenya. Whilst it is possible that the policy outcomes simply reflect the policy preferences of the interest groups, these groups believe that they exert some influence on the committees on which they sit – through the provision of research evidence, clearly articulated opinion, and reasoned argument – and they further believe that the committees exert some influence on government policy.

Beatriz Barrios Brito, Igor Lopes Martínez, Tatiana Delgado Fernández et al.

El artículo tiene como objetivo definir las actividades educativas para generar en los estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial, capacidades en economía circular, que les sean útiles tanto para su vida académica, social y/o profesional. Como método de investigación, se utiliza el análisis documental, a través de bibliografía sobre la economía circular, los principios y estrategias circulares, las competencias y capacidades profesionales actuales, el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y el rol de la educación en la transición de modelos de producción y consumo lineales, a circulares. A partir de un modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje, se definen las competencias y capacidades necesarias para lograr el tránsito circular y se asocian a estos, los tipos de actividades educativas dinámicas que contribuyen a generarlas. Asimismo, se expone la importancia del aprendizaje activo, para generar un marco completo, coherente y práctico en la experiencia académica.

Kate Graham, Jesse Helmer

This paper explores administrative viability in Alberta’s municipalities by investigating a critical ingredient in municipalities’ ability to deliver local public services: the chief administrative officer (CAO). Specifically, this paper aims to identify the patterns that are emerging with respect to the role and tenure of municipal CAOs in Alberta, and the implications for Alberta’s municipalities. Using a mixed-methods approach that blends qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper presents several important findings: ● The average tenure of a CAO in Alberta is now well under the length of one term of council. CAO tenure is generally shorter in smaller municipalities. More concerningly, the average length of tenure has been in a steady state of decline for the past two decades. ● The number of CAO transitions, including acting and interim roles, has been increasing in all types of municipalities – in some types of municipalities, double or triple the rate of CAO transitions in earlier time periods. The days of long-serving CAOs outside of cities appear to be waning, as the length of one council term becomes a harder cap on CAO tenure in those communities. ● The role of CAO involves important on-the-job learning. No two municipalities are the same; even two terms of council within the same municipality can have quite different dynamics. Shorter CAO tenures and higher rates of turnover mean more costly transitions – not just in dollars and organizational disruption, but in the time to reach peak performance. ● Current and past CAOs clearly identify the increasingly tenuous political dynamics as a leading driver in role dissatisfaction and reasons for decisions to join or depart from a municipality. There seems to be consensus that the political dynamics are getting worse, not better. Among many other insights about the contemporary experiences of CAOs, this emerged as the central theme.   The chief argument of this paper is that the success and stability of CAOs is a leading indicator of administrative viability. Currently, measures of this indicator are ringing alarm bells. Efforts towards strengthening the foundations of municipal governance – particularly role clarity, improved relations between council and staff, and intentional efforts to building trust and respectful decorum between CAOs and councils – are all needed to improve administrative viability in Alberta’s municipalities.

Haerul Umam

Restructuring policies in government agencies continue to be carried out in accordance with directives issued by the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform, including restructuring Echelon positions at the Ministry of Religion, given the absence of related literature in the Ministry of Religion. It is necessary to do research on comparisons in the situation before simplification and further estimates, in this study the focus of the discussion is on the number of allowances for Echelon Unit I in the central office. The method used in this research is a literature study, with reliable data sources and analysis in the form of a comparative study which can later be used as the basis for implementing restructuring in general, especially in national budget planning at the Ministry of Religion. The results showed that there were several changes in income due to downsizing, including a decrease in the performance allowance received by Echelon III officials who were transferred to Associate Experts (Ahli Madya), while the difference in allowances between positions was not significant for Echelon IV officials who are transferred to the functional positions of Associate Expert (Ahli Madya) and Junior Expert. (Ahli Muda) increase in take home pay in terms of position allowance income. The subject of further discussion with this change is how it affects the performance of officials and their effectiveness in the bureaucracy.

Jheferson Guerrón-Fuentes

Jarle Trondal, Nadja S. Kühn

Abstract The aim of this article is to examine the role of ministerial officials in an integrated European multilevel administrative order. This study argues that organizational variables at the national level constitute a decisive filtering factor regarding how decision premises emanating from European Union (EU)-level institutions are received by domestic government institutions and officials. The study contributes to the literature in two main ways: Empirically it provides a comprehensive study of the role of Norwegian ministerial officials in the EU multilevel administrative order over a time period of 20 years (n = 3562). Secondly, it applies an organization theory approach to explain variation in actual decision-making behavior. The article discusses factors of general relevance to political science applicable beyond the case at hand. The study shows that ministerial officials are deeply involved with the EU multilevel administration. Moreover, it confirms the pivotal role of organizational factors in public governance processes.

Islam Abdelbary, J. Benhin

The explanations for the failure of the Arab regimes to provide the kind of sound governance for their people that can deliver prosperity is undoubtedly a quite complex and nested issue. However, the most significant reasons have tended to be associated or rooted in the political legacy of dictatorship. This chapter attempts to contribute to the existing literature in three ways. First, it evaluates the governance system in Arab states not only from general view as most of the previous research but also from each aspect of institutions. Second, a comparative assessment is conducted between the Arab region to other developed and developing regions, and within the region itself to highlight the similarities and differences among the region's countries. Third, an examination is made of particular relationships concerning Arab governance, which has raised interesting issues in recent research.

Idup Suhady

The design and structure of government organization become very important in picturing sorts of needed government institutions, their roles and responsibilities, authorities, and interaction among institutions. They also function as a formalinstrument for implementing public policy within the state. Therefore, a review on government organization design and structure in this context is considered very crucial. The writer recognizes the fact that design and structure of government organization cannot be apart from certain political interest in the name of people’s will. The members of Ministerial Board formed by the elected president of General Election 2009 stem from political parties or a group of political parties backing the candidates of president and vice president. Without disregarding the important dimension of political interest, this writing focuses more on the view point of public administration. This review employs Law No 39 Year 2008 and Presidential Regulation No 47 Year 2009 about State Ministry as the main formal-normative reference.

E. Pereyra

descriptive) The main objective of the article is to investigate the links between a type of government project and the development of youth institutions. Focusing on Argentina, the article analyzes whether in the «shift to the left» represented by the Kirchner governments (2003-2015) there were important shifts in the work of youth public institutions at a national level compared to what was achieved by different national governments during the «long neoliberal decade» (1989-2003). The present study is limited to analyzing secondary sources to identify the level of public administration specifically focused on youth issues, Government Youth Organizations. A qualitative analysis has been included on the logic of addressing youth issues using the programs and mechanisms employed by the agency, developing state capacities and the role and political weight of the agency in the general institutional framework of youth policies implemented by the State.

O. Molodtsov

The study of models of interaction between the state and civil society allowed to consider relevant issues in a functional section. It is substantiated that determining and providing an optimal model of interaction between the state and civil society is an overriding and necessary condition for political modernization and democratization, a direct path to the political stability of any state, as adequate interaction between the parties is based on a balanced balance of interests of each of them, and mutually beneficial partnership on the basis of parity social dialogue contributes not only to improving and improving the effectiveness of social policy, but also stabilization of all social existence general. It is emphasized that for each state, taking into account its specificity, an own model of social policy is formed. It is noted that the formation of effective interaction between civil society organizations and state institutions depends directly on qualitative changes in the model of public administration in Ukraine, including decentralization, weakening of ineffective administrative and command and purely regulatory methods, and so on. The Revolution of Dignity opened a new stage in the history of civil society development, demonstrated the public's influence on socio-political transformations, and gave impetus to the renewal and reformatting of power. Such goals

D. Mańka

Regulatory authorities are a relatively new phenomenon in the system of Polish public administration, which is still an area of vivid discussion, especially among representatives of administrative law theory. The aim of this paper is to study regulatory authorities through the prism of political and legal doctrines that determine certain normative solutions, and to outline some aspects of the problem from a comparative perspective, which seems valuable for a more complete understanding of the essence of the discussed institutions. The article begins with general comments on regulators in the Polish legal system. Subsequent passages of the text were devoted to presentation of the discussed institution in the context of some political and legal doctrines, as well as comparative and legal considerations.

Luiz Fernando Aguiar

J. E. D. S. Farias

Andi Caezar To Tadampali, Abdurrahman Hadi, Rudi Salam

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh iklim organisasi secara langsung terhadap turnover intention dan secara tidak langsung melalui kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening di PT Bank Sulselbar. Desain penelitian Path Analysis digunakan sebagai alat analisis untuk menentukan arah variabel yang diteliti serta menjustifikasi seberapa signifikan pengaruh variabel independen dan dependen baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui variable mediasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel iklim organisasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan secara langsung. Iklim organisasi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap turnover intention secara langsung. Variabel kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap turnover intention. Melalui mediasi kepuasan kerja secara tidak langsung iklim organisasi tetap berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap turnover intention. Orisinalitas: Pengelolaan personalia dan promosi karyawan yang berdasarkan kompetensi akan semakin memacu karyawan dalam berprestasi dan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya. Dengan menempatkan salah satu variable sebagai mediasi dapat menghasilkan sesuatu yang berbeda dan penelitian ini dapat memberikan gambaran bagi manajer berkaitan dengan masalah pengambilan keputusan.   Kata Kunci: Budaya Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Komitmen Organisasi, path Analysis

Edwin van de Haar

E. Aiyede

First paragraph: Nigeria began to reform its security sector as part of the transition from military to civilian rule at the start of the new millennium. The reforms began with an effort to convince the armed forces to return to their barracks and keep to their constitutional role as guardians of the state. Elections were conducted and a civilian administration took control of the government and military in a short transition programme organised by General Abdulsalami Abubakar’s regime. The Obasanjo Government (1999 – 2007) implemented a series of reforms to strengthen political institutions after years of tyranny and economic recession. The National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy focused on four main areas: improving the macroeconomic environment, pursuing structural reforms, strengthening the management of public expenditure, and implementing legal and statutory reforms. The Vision 20:2020 document became the blue print for the drive to make Nigeria the 20th largest and most competitive economy in the world (NNPC 2009).