Hasil untuk "History of Spain"

Bratos Rubio P, Arnalich-Montiel F, Mingo-Botin D et al.

Pablo Bratos Rubio,1,2,* Francisco Arnalich-Montiel,1– 3,* David Mingo-Botin,1,2 Francisco J Muñoz Negrete1– 3 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ramón Y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; 2Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Pablo Bratos Rubio, Department of Ophthalmology, Ramón Y Cajal University Hospital, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo km 9.1, Madrid, 28034, Spain, Tel +34 692398444, Email pbratos55@gmail.comBackground: To evaluate the clinical value of postoperative examinations at 24 hours and 30 days following uncomplicated phacoemulsification, and to identify subgroups who may safely benefit from remote or simplified follow-up pathways.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, including all patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification at a high-volume tertiary public hospital during September 2024. Demographic data, ophthalmologic history, surgical characteristics, day-1 and day-30 findings, visual outcomes, and emergency visits were extracted from electronic medical records. Postoperative complications associations were evaluated using bivariate tests and multivariate binomial logistic regression.Results: Of 296 patients, the most common 24-hour complication was transient intraocular pressure elevation (13.2%). Overall, 20.9% showed a postoperative finding on day 1, and 14.2% required unplanned reassessment. At 30 days, complications occurred in 6.7% of cases, mainly cystoid macular edema (3.6%). In multivariate analysis, 24-hour complications (P=0.028) and ophthalmologic comorbidities (P=0.010) independently predicted 30-day complications. Patients without ophthalmologic history, without 24-hour complications, and with early visual improvement had a markedly lower risk of adverse outcomes. Applying a risk-based follow-up strategy could reduce approximately 50% of routine 30-day in-person reviews and relieve up to 300 hours of annual clinical workload.Conclusion: This risk-stratified postoperative model may improve service efficiency in high-volume public hospitals, support the sustainability of ophthalmic care, and may be transferable to other public health systems. Low-risk patients could be safely monitored remotely without compromising clinical outcomes. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.Keywords: cataract, phacoemulsification, postoperative complications, follow-up, telemedicine, risk stratification

Saúl Guerrero Rivero, Javier G. Iñañez, Fernando Amores Carredano et al.

The technological development of ceramic production during the early modern period in the Iberian Peninsula is a crucial topic in historical archaeological research. The present study analyzes pottery from Jerez de la Frontera, Andalusia, focusing on ceramic materials from the Convent of Santo Domingo (late 15th to early 17th centuries). Through the analysis of production wastes, including <i>dolia</i> and olive jars (<i>botijas</i>), this text unveils key aspects of regional ceramics practices. Using a multidisciplinary archaeometric approach, we applied petrography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to investigate compositional, technological, and provenance characteristics. The petrographic analysis identified clay matrix variability and mineral inclusions, indicating diverse raw material sources and production techniques. The XRD analysis confirmed key mineral phases that reflect controlled firing temperatures, while the ICP-MS analyses provided trace element profiles that were used to distinguish between local and non-local raw materials. Together, these results reveal technological shifts and resource diversity over time, challenging the assumption that Seville was the sole supplier of ceramics for Atlantic trade. This study establishes Jerez as a potential complementary production center, offering a new understanding of early globalization processes and ceramics manufacturing in southwestern Andalusia.

José María Salvador-González

This article seeks to shed light on the approach of Saint Bonaventure of Bagnoregio (1217/21–1274) on the highly problematic issue of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. In a context of heated debates on the matter, Saint Bonaventure presents a long and complex set of arguments that we can summarize as follows: Mary was conceived with original sin contaminating her body at first, but she was cleansed of it and sanctified immediately after her conception, at the very moment of the animation of her body, that is, when her soul gave life to her body. Therefore, the author concludes that even though the body of Mary, like that of all human beings except Christ, was conceived with original sin, it was thoroughly cleansed, and her body was sanctified from the very first moment at which it was animated by her holy soul and cleansed of all sin.

Rosa Lázaro Castellanos

This article presents a theoretical reflection on the structural causes that lead people to engage in migration processes from an anti-racist perspective. It looks at the historical context and the present times of neoliberal capitalism as a long term system, with its origins in the colonial enterprise. This is relevant as it gives rise to the asymmetries of power between North and South; to the racial division of labour; to the border control that turns immigrant people into the dangerous other, classifies people according to their origin, and grants them differential rights.

José Antonio Mérida Donoso

Reseña bibliográfica

Miguel Ángel Maté-González, Jesús Rodríguez-Hernández, Cristina Sáez Blázquez et al.

This research presents a virtual tour performed on the <i>oppidum</i> of Ulaca, one of the most relevant archaeological sites of the Iberian Peninsula during the Late Iron Age (<i>ca</i>. 400–50 BC). Beyond the clear benefits of the tool to the interpretation, dissemination, and knowledge of the mentioned archaeological site and its surroundings, the novelty of this research is the implementation of the platform in alternative scenarios and purposes. In this way, the present work verifies how the access to multi-source and spatially geolocated information in the same tool (working as a geospatial database) allows the promotion of cross-sectional investigations in which different specialists intervene. This peculiarity is also considered useful to promote tourism with an interest beyond the purely historical/archaeological side. Likewise, the possibility of storing and managing a large amount of information in different formats facilitates the investigation in the contexts of excavations and archaeological or environmental works. In this sense, the use of this kind of tool for the study of cultural landscapes is especially novel. In order to better contextualize the potential of the virtual tour presented here, an analysis about the challenges and possibilities of implementing this tool in environments such as the Ulaca <i>oppidum</i> is performed. The selected site stands out for: (i) being in a unique geological, environmental and ecological context, allowing us to appreciate how human beings have modified the landscape over time; (ii) presenting numerous visible archaeological remains with certain conservation problems; and (iii) not having easy access for visitors.

N. K. Kiselyova

Spanish epic legends, which originated in ancient times in the oral tradition, have come down to us in various written forms — from historiography (prose chronicles) and major epic poems to small folklore lyric-epic genres, such as the Spanish “old” romance (romancero viejo). The question of the genesis, the method of composition and distribution of such plots is one of the most important now. First of all, it’s connected with the problem of stadial or parallel origin of the texts. The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the ancient Spanish plot about Rodrigo, the last king of the Visigoths, in Latin and Old Castilian historiography, including in the “History of Spain” by Alfonso X the Wise. In addition, the reconstructed plot is compared with the folk epic romance about Rodrigo’s last battle with the Moors and the loss of Spain. The cycle of romances formed in the 14th–16th centuries has several separate plots about Rodrigo. The most interesting question here is which of the plots is the principal one in the cycle and goes back to the authentic folk epic text formed in the oral environment. The analysis undertaken in this article allows us to show, on the one hand, how the plot lives and develops in the tradition and what changes it suffers. On the other hand, comparing the reconstructed plot in the chronicle with the text of the romance allows us to try to identify the original text that is the foundation of the cycle and try to prove the parallel development of plots in romances and chronicles.

Griselda Mársico

En septiembre de 1962 tuvo lugar en Berlín el Primer Coloquio de Escritores Latinoamericanos y Alemanes, convocado por la revista Humboldt, al que también asistieron traductores, críticos, editores y académicos. En el presente artículo se analizan las diversas formas en las que la traducción estuvo involucrada en el coloquio. Tras una breve contextualización, que incluye un análisis de la composición de las listas de invitados y sus consecuencias para la generación de asimetrías, se ensaya, en primer lugar, una lectura de las líneas centrales de debate sobre la traducción. Desde la perspectiva de la historia de las relaciones intelectuales entre América Latina y Alemania, se intenta dilucidar, en segundo lugar, qué expectativas se depositan en la traducción para realizar posibles proyectos  conjuntos y qué modelos de colaboración se esbozan. Para concluir se retoma el criterio de la asimetría y se examinan dos de los proyectos derivados del encuentro.

Ivan Čuk

Dear friends, These days our lives are run by COVID-19. Our gymnastic family mourns Dieter Hoffman, an excellent German coach and expert, a FIG Academy lecturer, who recently died of Covid-19. We do not know what comesnext but I am certain we all want to go back to our normal life. Despite many negative effects of Covid–19, it had a positive effect on our journal. Our authors wrote as many as16 articles for this issue which is a record for the journal. We are all adjusting to new circumstances. As you probably already know, conferences will be held online. Bulgaria will host a symposium on rhythmic gymnastics and Portugal on gymnastics. For more detailed information please see the following pages. Please join the symposia and take an active part with your ideas and views! For this issue our authors researched many different topics, including biomechanics, motor control, motor learning, theory of training, physiology, psychology, physical education, sociology and history, in relation to rhythmic and artistic gymnastics and trampolining. Countries participating with articles include: USA, Slovakia, Tunisia, Germany, Brazil, Australia, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Iran and Ukraine. AntonGajdoš provides a short historical note on Nina Bocharova, the Olympic Champion from Russia in WAG at the Olympics 1952 in Helsinki. Our editorial board decided to make an exception and publish a letter –manifesto of International Socio-Cultural research group on WAG lead by Natalie Barker-Ruchti (USA)to the Editorand a comment on the letter by William Sands (USA). While we believe the letter and the comment present issues that may be important to our audiences, I’d like to stress that our journal remains focused on the publication of scientific articles presenting evidence-based solutions only. Nevertheless, there should be no doubt that our journal supports the United Nations Declaration of Human and Children Rights and believes its provisions should be respected. Just to remind you, if you quote the Journal,its abbreviation on the Web of Knowledge is SCI GYMN J. I wish you pleasant reading and a lot of inspiration for new research projects and articles, Ivan Čuk, Editor-in-Chief

Charlie D. Hankin

This paper rehearses a re-reading of the cantares mexicanos taking as a point of departure the hypothetical reconstruction of their performance. We analyze the cantares as sonoric objects that resist writing and metaphor. The cantares function through a relationship of metonymic proximity between words and things and is constantly constructed in the presence – both temporal and spatial – of the performance. Metonymy is expressed, moreover, through the ingestion of hallucinogenic flowers by the singer, through which emerges a bridge between visible and invisible worlds. Analyzing this “semiotics” through the orality and experience of the performance spectacle, we propose that the contares invite new ways of thinking about time alternative to the historicism that predominates in historiographic production in the West.

Laura Cappuccio

This paper deals with the role of constitutional judges in the development of territorial models. In particular, with the relation between autonomy and sovereignty. We examine the use by the Spanish Constitutional Court of these concepts, with the purpose of illuminating the way in which it has contributed to the effective configuration of the system of the autonomies foreseen in the Constitution.

Barrio Gozalo, Maximiliano

El presente artículo aborda el estudio de la economía de los obispos españoles durante el antiguo régimen. En primer lugar se analizan los conceptos que componen las rentas, se valora su importe y evolución, y también los gastos fijos. Y en segundo lugar se examinan las pensiones que gravan la renta para deducir la renta disponible por los obispos y su inversión.

Walther L. Bernecker, David Escribano, Nieves Romero-Díaz et al.

Xavier Moreno Juliá

When the Blue Division started in June 1941, it had passed more than six months since Franco had refused Hitler his participation in the War. The relationships among both countries were in a very low moment, although many extern factors might bring us to think the opposite. This article assumes the frustrated expectations of what the Unity should mean: the Spanish contribution to the German fight. But the contribution was limited to Russia and it had very special objectives, although Hitler reached to see in its military chief the best replacement on the top of the power in Spain. Disagreements, at last, that remains profiled in the next pages, debtors of many Public and Private Archives. They show the fragility of the interactions between the Francoist regime and Nazism.

Javier del Barco del Barco, Ignacio Panizo Santos

En un proceso incoado en 1561 por el Tribunal de la Inquisición de Calahorra contra el vicario de Arróniz, además comisario del Santo Oficio, se ha localizado un folio de un pergamino impreso en caracteres hebreos conteniendo un pasaje del libro de Esther. Fue utilizado como lengüeta para reforzar el cosido de los documentos y pertenece a un incunable salido de la imprenta de Eliezer ben Abraham Alantansi de Híjar, entre 1486 y 1489. Dentro de la documentación producida por el mismo Tribunal han aparecido otros tres fragmentos menores, dos de ellos pertenecientes al mismo incunable (Josué y Números) y el último (Isaías y Jeremías) salido del mismo taller tipográfico pero de un ejemplar de Biblia aún por identificar.

María Concepción Quintanilla Raso

Sin autor

Sin resumen

Irene Arias

Esther San Martín Casi

La dependencia obligada. La trampa de la protección en la vida cotidiana de las mujeres de Pamplona en el siglo XX

Burrieza Sánchez, Javier

En el siglo XVIII Xàtiva era la segunda ciudad más importante del reino de Valencia. Con la llegada del nuevo monarca, Felipe V, sus ciudadanos se opusieron a la nueva autoridad real. La ciudad fue abrasada por un incendio tras la victoria borbónica de Almansa. Durante su reconstrucción, los jesuitas llegaron para predicar a estos ciudadanos rebeldes. El artículo estudia una documentación inédita, depositada en la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad de Valladolid. Se trata de algunas cartas enviadas por el padre José Gamir al confesor del rey, donde narra los métodos empleados por los jesuitas, sus sermones y predicaciones, las procesiones y otros actos religiosos encuadrados en esa exaltación de la religiosidad barroca que eran las misiones populares. Entonces el sermón era el principal medio de comunicación. Xátiva era ya un símbolo de libertad en el siglo XVIII frente a los Borbones.