A combination of searches for singly and doubly charged Higgs bosons, H± and H±±, produced via vector-boson fusion is performed using 140 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. Searches targeting decays to massive vector bosons in leptonic final states (electrons or muons) are considered. New constraints are reported on the production cross-section times branching fraction for charged Higgs boson masses between 200 GeV and 3000 GeV. The results are interpreted in the context of the Georgi-Machacek model for which the most stringent constraints to date are set for the masses considered in the combination.
The way the topic of black-body radiation is presented in standard textbooks (i.e. from Rayleigh-Jeans to Max Planck) does not follow the actual historical timeline of the understanding of the black-body radiation problem. Authors believe that a presentation which follows an actual timeline of the ideas (although not a logical presentation of the field) would be of interest not only from the history of science perspective but also from a pedagogical perspective. Therefore, we attempt a concise history of this very interesting field of science.
A search for the dimuon decay of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector in Run 2 pp collisions at s=13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed (expected) significance over the background-only hypothesis for a Higgs boson with a mass of 125.09 GeV is 2.0σ (1.7σ). The observed upper limit on the cross section times branching ratio for pp→H→μμ is 2.2 times the SM prediction at 95% confidence level, while the expected limit on a H→μμ signal assuming the absence (presence) of a SM signal is 1.1 (2.0). The best-fit value of the signal strength parameter, defined as the ratio of the observed signal yield to the one expected in the SM, is μ=1.2±0.6.
Introduction
Psychosis it is a serious medical condition that could happen to anyone while travelling, even without a prior history of mental illness. Some psychotic episodes during travel likely are brief psychotic disorders. This is a poorly understood subject that seems to have an increasing incidence.
Objectives
This work aims to present a clinical case of a patient who developed psychotic symptoms on her visit to China, and to provide a brief update review of this subject.
Methods
We describe a case based on patient’s history and clinical data. We also searched and reviewed cases on “travel” AND “psychosis” and “tourist” AND “psychosis” using PubMed® database.
Results
We report the case of a 41-year-old woman without psychiatric antecedents or substance use who developed psychotic symptoms during a travel to China. Symptoms resolved completely soon after returning to Portugal and admission to the psychiatric emergency service where an antipsychotic treatment was initiated. Psychosis in tourists typically occur in destinations with strong symbolic or mystical connotations and in individuals who travel alone for several days. The most common symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, ideas of reference and agitation. Most patients improved and returned to previous functioning.
Conclusions
To improve the knowledge of travel-related psychosis it is important to identify the cases and the associated biological and clinical factors, later on it may be possible to identify the predictive factors of these psychosis. Further research are necessary to establish a possible association between brief psychotic episode and travel to China, as reports for tourists to Jerusalem and to Florence.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
BACKGROUND, AIMS AND METHODS The α-galactosidase gene (GLA) c.337T>C/p.Phe113Leu variant was originally described in patients with late-onset cardiac forms of Fabry disease (FD), who had residual α-galactosidase activity. It has since emerged as the most commonly reported GLA variant in Portuguese subjects diagnosed with FD but is also prevalent in the Italian population, where two boys carrying the GLA Leu113 allele were identified in a large-scale newborn screening program, the variant allele segregating in both cases with the same surrounding haplotype. To further delineate the genotype-phenotype correlations of this GLA variant, we have reviewed the natural history and clinical phenotypes of 11 symptomatic Portuguese males, from 10 unrelated families originating from several different areas in mainland Portugal and Madeira Island, who were diagnosed with FD associated with the GLA Leu113 allele in a diversity of clinical and screening settings. Nine of the patients were the probands of their respective families. To test whether the GLA Leu113 allele inherited by the 10 Portuguese and the two Italian families resulted from independent mutational events, we have additionally performed a haplotype analysis with 5 highly polymorphic, closely linked microsatellite markers surrounding the GLA gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Hemizygosity for the GLA Leu113 variant allele is associated with a late-onset form of FD, invariably presenting with severe cardiac involvement. Clinically relevant cerebrovascular and kidney involvement may also occur in some patients but the pathogenic relationship between the incomplete α-galactosidase deficiency and the risks of stroke and of chronic kidney disease is not straightforward. The observation that the Leu113 allele segregated within the same GLA microsatellite haplotype in both the Portuguese and Italian families suggests its inheritance from a common ancestor.
M. I. Alvelos, Catarina I. Gonçalves, Eduarda Coutinho
et al.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a frequently misdiagnosed type of diabetes, which is characterized by early onset, autosomal dominant inheritance, and absence of insulin dependence. The most frequent subtypes are due to mutations of the GCK (MODY 2), HNF1A (MODY 3), and HNF4A (MODY 1) genes. We undertook the first multicenter genetic study of MODY in the Portuguese population. The GCK, HNF1A, and HNF4A genes were sequenced in 46 unrelated patients that had at least two of the three classical clinical criteria for MODY (age at diagnosis, family history, and clinical presentation). The functional consequences of the mutations were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Mutations were identified in 23 (50%) families. Twelve families had mutations in the GCK gene, eight in the HNF1A gene, and three in the HNF4A gene. These included seven novel mutations (GCK c.494T>C, GCK c.563C>G, HNF1A c.1623G>A, HNF1A c.1729C>G, HNF4A c.68delG, HNF4A c.422G>C, HNF4A c.602A>C). Mutation-positive patients were younger at the time of diagnosis when compared to mutation-negative patients (14.3 vs. 23.0 years, p = 0.011). This study further expands the spectrum of known mutations associated with MODY, and may contribute to a better understanding of this type of diabetes and a more personalized clinical management of affected individuals.
ABSTRACT For most of human history, funerary burial has been unusual. Archaeology shows a shift in funerary practices in postglacial hunter-gatherers, in parts of Europe during the Late Mesolithic. This is documented by the burial grounds in the Tagus and Sado valleys in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Portugal, where ca. 376 burials were excavated. This study presents a chronology for the burial activity in these sites and contextualizes the start and end activity phases within regional environmental changes and cultural developments. The dataset consists of 76 14C dates on human bone (19 new, 57 published) including new dates from contexts in Portugal outside these valleys. Bayesian chronological models were defined in OxCal, and protein carbon contributions of marine foods were estimated by the Bayesian mixing model FRUITS. The results indicate a broader timeframe for the Late Mesolithic in Portugal, than previously suggested, starting during a period of significant environmental changes, ca. 8500–8300 cal BP, and ending ca. 7000 cal BP. The burial activity decreased during the establishment of Neolithic farmers in southwestern Iberia from ca. 7450 cal BP, however, these burial grounds continued to be used by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, showing that diverse social structures and worldviews coexisted for several generations.
Abstract Aims: To assess the cost-utility of cladribine tablets versus fingolimod in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in Portugal. Methods: A 1-year cycle cohort-based Markov state transition model was developed to simulate disease progression, measured by Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), relapses, and conversion to secondary-progressive MS (SPMS). Patients were assumed to remain on treatment until progression to EDSS level 7, conversion to SPMS, or complete loss of efficacy due to waning effect. Natural history was based on British Columbia Multiple Sclerosis registry, London Ontario database, UK MS Trust, and cladribine tablets clinical trial (CLARITY). Portuguese all-cause mortality was adjusted for the MS associated increased mortality. Clinical inputs for active treatments (disability progression and relapse rate) were estimated on a network meta-analysis. Utility weights were derived from UK-MS Survey and published literature. Resource consumption by EDSS and due to relapses was based on published literature, National DRG microdata and expert opinion. Unit costs were obtained from official sources. The analysis was conducted from payers’ perspective, time horizon of 50 years and discount rate of 5%, for both costs and benefits. Uncertainty was assessed via probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses. Results: Compared to fingolimod, cladribine tablets were associated with a delay in progression, resulting in a gain of 0.85 quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and a cost decrease of 25,935 €. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis resulted in a mean ICER of −31,781 € per QALY and was dominant in 98.7% of the simulations. Cladribine tablets were dominant across the scenario analyses tested. Conclusions: Treatment of highly active RRMS with cladribine tablets was less costly and more effective than treatment with fingolimod. Hence, it is a dominant strategy in the Portuguese setting. No conclusions can be drawn from the present study regarding other treatment options, in particular natalizumab and alemtuzumab.
Antonio José Macías Ruano, José Ramos Pires Manso, Jaime de Pablo Valenciano
et al.
Las Santas Casas de Misericordias (The Holy Houses of Mercy) are institutions of Portuguese origin that emerged in the late fifteenth century and that, over time, have expanded beyond the territories of the Portuguese Empire, including to Spain, where various Casas de Misericordia were created in their image and with similar purposes to the original. The Misericordias continue to be relevant and present throughout Portugal, in various decolonized countries of the former Portuguese Empire, and in other territories that have been influenced by Portuguese emigration, and have always played an important role in the social care of citizens. In Spain, the Santas Casas de Misericordia do not have the same long history, nor the same social relevance as their Portuguese counterparts. However, even today, there are some Casas de Misericordia in Spain that provide social care services, having adopted various legal structures such as foundations, associations, and public entities.
Patrícia Bento d’Almeida, T. Marat-Mendes, M. Toussaint
In the early 1960s, Portugal saw a rise in scientific research on architecture and urbanism at the National Laboratory of Civil Engineering (Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil; LNEC), fundamental to support the Government in establishing a national program for housing, which continued until the fall of the Dictatorship in 1974. Lacking tradition in scientific studies in architecture and urbanism, a group of young architects with knowledge of references from international researchers and research centers gathered encouragement and opportunities to develop their own research works and methodologies and, later, to question the application of such scientific methods. This article aims to identify and discuss the strategies and methodologies explored to develop these seminal researches, retrieving and reappraising LNEC’s archived documents and oral testimonials from former researchers. We aim at exposing the foundations of Portuguese scientific research on architecture and urbanism and its contributions to an international audience.
Few studies have focused on immigrant women’s help-seeking that is due to factors such as having a history of multiple victimization. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of help-seeking and the factors associated with informal or formal sources. The participants were 84 immigrant women in Portugal who had experienced any form of violence in the host country. The results showed that 92% of the participants had experienced victimization for the first time in Portugal, and 58% had not sought any type of help. Lower length of stay in Portugal is a predictor for informal help-seeking, while being Caucasian, having a higher number of victimization experiences, having higher severity perception and having low psychological disadjustment were independent predictors for formal help-seeking. The relationship between victimization and help-seeking was fully mediated by the severity perception of victimization. The choice of where help is sought depends not only on the history of violence but also on structural factors, identification as a victim and the perception of danger. Practical implications are discussed at the preventive and intervention levels.
Abstract Post-1945 Spanish and Portuguese emigration and immigration histories encapsulate the Iberian region's long-standing interconnectedness with the wider world (particularly Latin America and Africa) and other parts of Europe alike. Portugal and Spain have both been part of multiple migration systems as important sending countries that ultimately experienced an international migration turnaround owing to their transition to democracy, decolonisation, and accession to a European Union in which internal freedom of movement counted among its core principles. With the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis and Europe's migration crisis of the 2010s serving as its vantage point, this article considers these topics as they intersect with issues that include nationality and citizenship, race and racism, and religion and Islamophobia in multicultural Spain and Portugal.
This article examines the development of empirical social research in Portugal over about a century and its relation to the early institutionalization of sociology at the tail end of that period. Relying on new empirical data, coupled with a critical reading of the main sources on the topic, it brings to light some epistemic invariants in a disparate body of research, acknowledging the initial persistence of Le Play-inspired as well as properly Le Playsian research methods. Furthermore, it identifies the general continuation of a substantial concern with the (physical and then moral) condition of rural and industrial workers, leading to a disclosure of the political-economic and governmental roots of the social research in question. From a historical sociology perspective, the article explores the relation between state governmentalization and authoritarian rule, on the one hand, and the development of the social sciences, on the other. From a history of science perspective, it acknowledges the continuous use of the same research methods to carry out seemingly incommensurable social research programmes and the later pursuit of a properly sociological research programme that fell back on conflicting methodological and theoretical approaches. In broader terms, the article aims to put forward a historical sociology of theoretical approaches, research methods, and scientific concepts that will hopefully contribute to a clearer understanding of their respective fields of application.
Abstract Situating itself at the crossroads of colonial history, international history and European history, this article examines the movement for colonial appeasement and the redistribution of African colonies in the 1930s from a frequently overlooked viewpoint: Portugal and its empire. Even though Portugal was not a principal actor in the discussion of colonial redistribution, the Portuguese empire was placed at the centre of these debates as a subject to be discussed. The article demonstrates that the great powers’ perception of Portugal as an inadequate colonial power was central to their strategy of colonial redistribution in an international context that espoused guarantees of territorial integrity to great and small states alike. In addition, it shows how Portugal entered the debate on colonial appeasement to promote a rhetoric of victimisation and bolster support for the dictatorship.
This paper aims to debate the epistemological boundaries of construction history, in relation to the fields of history of architecture and the history of engineering, using Portugal as a case study. The concept of construction culture is used to broaden the analysis, avoiding the old dichotomy between architects and engineers. Instead, construction history (understood as the history of construction cultures) aims to integrate the contributions of all actors in this sector of activity, such as contractors, materials and machine producers, traders, and public and private institutions. The history of architecture and the history of engineering in Portugal serves to illustrate the extent to which the study of how a community built in a particular space, at a particular time, is fragmented in the present age. The conclusions highlight the limits of a history that has been interpreted mainly from the point of view of the activity of architects and engineers. This paper also explores the potential of a history of construction cultures as a constructum in constant transition and under constant discussion, capable of explaining the set of problems involved in this millennia-old human activity.
For some wild canids, such as the Iberian wolf, there is a lack of in-depth knowledge about dental pathology. We aimed to evaluate it, in a standardized manner, in specimens from a Portuguese museum collection.Sixty-five deceased specimens of wild Iberian wolves, 61 complete skulls and 4 mandibles, collected in Portugal between 1977 and 1995, were analyzed. Sample comprised 18 females, 24 males and 23 individuals of undetermined sex. Teeth were evaluated by visual observation and dental radiography for tooth wear, periodontitis, fractures and other dental lesions.We have found several causes for teeth absence: artefactual, secondary to periodontitis and agenesia. About 30% of the teeth showed signs of wear. Only a small (<13%) fraction of maxillary and mandibular teeth did not show periodontitis. The tooth 308 showed periodontitis in all males (p = 0.017) and the tooth 104 was significantly affected by this condition in females (p = 0.020). A significant relationship was found between females and tooth wear in three teeth. Periodontitis showed a significant association with tooth wear (p < 0.001) and fractures (p = 0.027). Tooth fractures were more frequent in the maxilla than in the mandible. Seven periapical lesions, seven root fusions and three specimens with malocclusion were identified in the collection. Results are discussed integrating information from diet, habitat, genetic and spatial behavior.Dental radiography is here proposed as an approach for the age estimation in archaeological canids. This research contributes to the knowledge of the dental disease in the largest wolf population in Western Europe, a target subspecies of multiple conservation measures.
Africa became the hub of European political, economic, social and military activities during the period of European conquest. The emergence of legitimate commerce after the end of slave trade in 1807 marked the beginning of a new era in African history. With the new trend and development in Europe occasioned by legitimate commerce, European countries notably British, Portugal and France maintained economic, political and social relations with African states. France and Britain were the main players in the quest for territorial and strategic control in Africa. This paper examines the changing pattern of French African policy since 1960. For a clear conceptual analysis, the paper examines the historicity of France Africa relations in a bid to identifying areas of cooperation and changes since 1960. The paper also focuses on the circumstances that resulted in the new French policy toward Africa, although this policy was not a total departure from the colonial past but a readjustment of the existing policies to suit the prevailing developments in the domestic and international environment. The study adopts the descriptive and analytical research method. It utilises primary and secondary sources ranging from government publications, newspaper records, books and journals among other sources. The work is organised thematically and chronologically. From what has been done so far in the research, the study establishes that the changing pattern of French policy toward Africa since 1960 was occasioned by domestic and international exigencies.
History (General) and history of Europe, History (General)