Hasil untuk "Commercial geography. Economic geography"

NIOATA (CHIREAC) ROXANA-MIHAELA, BĂRBĂCIORU IULIANA CARMEN, FILIP ROBERT DORIN

The main objective of this paper is to analyze how the principles of behavioral psychology influence the financial choices of consumers in the banking sector. In this study, we aim to explore and highlight the impact of various cognitive biases, emotional affect and other psychological factors on financial decisions, particularly in the context of consumers' interaction with financial institutions. Through this analysis, we will pursue a deeper understanding of the decision-making process in relation to key banking products, bank loans, savings and investments, and how these may be shaped by non-rational psychological factors. At the same time, the paper aims to address a number of fundamental questions, such as "How will cognitive biases, the anchoring effect or risk aversion, influence our and consumers' financial choices?" or "To what extent will the application of nudge techniques in the banking sector influence or encourage financial choices to be more rational or beneficial for consumers?".

موسی عنبری, مرجان خاکساری رنانی

امروزه وجود نابرابری‌های فضایی و فاصله‌های درآمدی و سرمایه‌ای میان نواحی مختلف جامعه، به‌عنوان یکی از موانع مهم توسعۀ پایدار به‌حساب می‌آید. نابرابری‌های میان مناطق کم‌برخوردار (مرزی یا غیرمرزی) و مناطق برخوردار از توسعه، و شکاف‌های شهری ‌ـ ‌روستایی، مهم‌ترین مصداق نابرابری‌های فضایی و منطقه‌ای هستند. این مقاله با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی، بر مبنای تحلیل ثانویۀ داده‌های موجود، میزان یکپارچگی یا شکاف مناطق شهری و روستایی ایران را برحسب چهار متغیر مکان‌های استقرار جمعیت، بخش‌های عمدۀ اقتصادی و تولیدی، میزان و توزیع فقر، و شکاف درآمدی و هزینه‌ای در چهار دهۀ اخیر مورد مطالعه قرار داده ‌است. ارزیابی عملکرد نظام برنامه‌ریزی فضایی در کشور نشان می‌دهد این نظام با نوعی رویکرد بخشی و غیرآمایشی، با تأکید بر دو محور «تمرکزگرایی» و «شهرگرایی»، بر نابرابری‌ و فاصلۀ میان مناطق پیرامونی و مناطق مرکزی کشور از یک سو و مناطق شهری و روستایی از سوی دیگر افزوده ‌‌است. طی چهار دهۀ اخیر، نوعی شهرنشینی روزافزون، بی‌رویه و گاهی ناموزون به ‌ضرر پایداری و تعادل جمعیت در مناطق شهری کوچک و مناطق روستایی اتفاق افتاده که لزوماً با ظرفیت‌های منطقه‌ای متناسب نبوده ‌‌است. شهرهای بزرگ جاذب جمعیت کار، نوعی زندگی توأم با فقر را در بخش‌های حاشیه‌ای و روستایی ایجاد کرده ‌‌است. در طی این سال‌ها، با وجود کاهش معنادار فقر مطلق در جامعه، همچنان بار فقر بر دوش روستاییان، آن‌هم بیشتر در مناطق کم‌برخوردار سنگینی می‌کند. شاخص‌های درآمد و هزینه نیز به نفع شهرنشینان بوده‌‌ است. به‌طور‌ کلی داده‌های کلان در کشور نشان می‌دهد هرجا پیوندهای شهری‌ ـ ‌روستایی برقرار و تقویت شده، نابرابری‌های منطقه‌ای و شهری ـ‌ روستایی کاهش یافته ‌است.

Vinicius Fagotti, Marcelo Arend

O presente artigo busca resumir o estado da arte em matéria de conceitos e modelos de histerese, conforme desenvolvidos a partir dos argumentos de endogeneidade e descontinuidades heterogêneas. Se buscará aclarar a definição e o uso do termo, bem como demonstrar como se construir o modelo canônico de dinâmica histerética, fundamentado em retransmissões não ideais. Os atributos particulares que distinguem histerese de outros conceitos relacionados a path dependence serão também delineados, e sua mecânica básica, baseada em não-linearidades, seletividade e remanência, será geometricamente ilustrada. O objetivo final do artigo é se valer do ferramental histerético para propor uma rota de interpretação nova, sensível às causas estruturais, acerca da estagnação brasileira.

Getahun Demis Alamirew

Abstract Providing quality service is the major concern of many public organizations. However, the way to provide immediate service (responsiveness), the capacity to deliver on promises of accurate and consistent service (reliability), the degree of trust and confidence of students in the service provided by the college (assurance), the physical appearances of the service that the college offers (tangibility) and understanding the needs of students in the college are not as such potential. Thus, the study aims to investigate the effect of a quality service system on student satisfaction in Business and Economics College, University of Gondar. An explanatory research design with a quantitative research approach was employed to address the specified objectives. The population of the study was 6323 and out of these, 376 samples were drawn through stratified random sampling technique. Of 376 self-administer questionnaires, 263 were valuable for this analysis. One of the objectives of the study was to understand the dominant service quality dimension. The finding of the mean score of SERVQUAL dimensions portrays that students are less satisfied with dimension responsiveness (M = 2.31), which implies that the way students get an immediate response for their need showed very low followed by dimension empathy (M = 2.63) i.e., the willingness of staff to support or help students, spontaneous care and concern of staff to student’s needs, is lower, whereas with tangibles, assurance, and reliability are better. The PLS-SEM analysis result confirmed that tangibility and assurance has a significant effect but other service quality dimensions are not.

M'hamed BENELBAR, Hamza GHERBI, Aissa BEDROUNI

يهدف هذا المقال لدراسة إمكانية نمذجة التقلبات الحادة لعوائد مؤشر كاك CAC 40 ببورصة باريس، الناجمة عن جائحة كورونا كوفيد 19 باستعمال نماذج GARCH، وذلك من خلال 1328 مشاهدة يومية لعوائد المؤشر. توصلت الدراسة من خلال المفاضلة بين عدة نماذج إلى أن نموذج الانحدار الذاتي المشروط بعدم ثبات التباين قد نمذج سلسلة عوائد مؤشر كاك CAC 40 رغم التقلبات الحادة، حيث إن العوائد تتبع نموذج ARMA(1,1) ، بينما تتبع البواقي نموذج .GARCH(1,1) This article aims to study the possibility of modeling the sharp fluctuations in the returns of the CAC40 index on the Paris Stock Exchange, resulting from the Corona Covid-19 pandemic, using GARCH, through 1328 daily observations of the index return. The study concluded, through a comparison between several models, that the AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity may model the series of returns of the CAC 40 index despite the sharp fluctuations, as the returns follow the ARMA (1,1) model, while the rest follow the GARCH (1,1) model.

Ghalem BENBRIKA, Faouzi GHIDOUCHE

Through our present research, we will try to confirm if our municipalities use territorial governance that encourages participatory  democracy, the main goal is to understand the methods and strategies able to create a win-win relationship between administration and administered, a qualitative study of ten municipalities attached to the wilaya of Tizi Ouzou, was realized through a semi-structured interview guide, which allowed us to conclude that a citizen contribution is indeed achievable. A travers notre présente recherche, nous allons tenter de connaitre si nos communes recourent à une gouvernance territoriale qui encourage la démocratie participative, le but est de comprendre les méthodes et les stratégies mises en place pour qu’une relation gagnantgagnant soit instaurée entre administration et administrés, une étude qualitative de dix communes de la wilaya de Tizi Ouzou, a été réalisée par le biais d’un guide d’entretien semi directif, qui nous a permet de conclure qu’une contribution citoyenne est en effet réalisable.

Fatma El Zohra ALLOUI, Mohand Ouamer ALI ZIAN

تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية لمعرفة دور المؤسسات المناولة الصناعية في التنمية المستدامة، ومدى سعيها لتبني مبادئ المسؤولية الاجتماعية. حيث تجد نفسها مجبرة على ذلك نتيجة ضغط السوق، كل أصحاب المصلحة، المجتمع و البيئة. فالمؤسسات المسؤولة اجتماعيا تساهم بشكل مهم في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة، حيث تسعى لتحقيق الأداء المالي، الاجتماعي والبيئي. غير أن صغر حجم المؤسسات المناولة وضعف امكانياتها قد يشكلان صعوبة في تحقيق ذلك. وبالرغم من أن الضغط الراهن على المؤسسات الكبيرة الا انّ المؤسسات المناولة معنية بذلك من أجل تحسين تنافسيتها وضمان استمراريتها.  This research aims to understand the role of subcontractors in sustainable development and their efforts to be socially responsible. They are forced to do so due to pressure from the market, all stakeholders, society and the environment. Socially responsible firms contribute to the sustainable development; they seek to achieve the financial, social and environmental performance. The current pressure on the big firms, but the subcontractors are concerned to improve their competitiveness and their sustainability.

DR. NEERAJ ASWAL, DR. SUDHI SHARMA

As financial intermediaries banks play an important role in the operations of an economy. Over the years private banks are gaining market share by providing solutions which people are not able to get from public sector banks. This is also visible in numbers as number of accounts, credit off take, Current Account and Saving Account (CASA) deposits have been growing over the years. Lastly the main issue of Net performing assets (NPA) has also been addressed by private sector banks. Over the years the NPA level has been low which clearly shows that prudent lending practices by private sector banks have rewarded not just banks but also stakeholders. It has been very well captured the on-going shift of people trust from public banks to private sector banks. The paper examines the determinants of private sector banks in India for the years 2010 to 2019. A sample of 15 banks in the private sector has been taken. Descriptive Analysis, Correlation and regression using panel data modelling has been performed. Share Returns has been taken as the dependent variable while other variables as Dividend per Share (DPS), Return on Equity (ROE), Price to Book (P/BV), Net interest margin (NIM), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net non-Performing Assets to Net Advances (NPA to NA) are independent variables. The results show that independent variables are significant variables in affecting the profitability of banks in the private sector of Indian economy. It is also suggested that if banks concentrate on these variables, they would be able to generate better profitability and high returns for shareholders.

Samia AKLI, Madjid BOUZIT, Ahmed BENMIHOUB

Our work consists in finding, through the application of the cost-effectiveness analysis method, the optimal investment sequence, that would cover, with a lower cost, the future water demand in the Algerian coastal basin 02a, by the horizon 2030. Eight supply management and demand management measures were studied and the results show that demand management measures, which promote water saving and the rational use of this resource, have better cost effectiveness ratios than supply management measures. The ranking of these cost-effectiveness ratios allows us to stagger and prioritize the different investment projects in the water sector, with the aim of achieving the dual objective, social (meeting the water demand) and economic (minimize public spending).

CĂTĂLIN GRĂDINARU, SORIN-GEORGE TOMA

Corporations represent an important pillar in the process of globalization, influencing the way econcomies evolve. The focus of the paper is to analyze the evolution of the first ten corporations in the world in terms of total revenues. The research methodology is quantitative and based on secondary data, whilst the research type is literature review. Despide the constantly shifting economic context, Multinational corporations (MNC’s) have managed to thrive in an impressive manner, reaching astonishing figures related to their total revenues, profits and number of employees. It is not a big surprise that amongst the first 10 corporations in the world there have not been many changes. Thus, in the last years, we see a dominance held by the same companies in a trully high proportion.

Domenico Morrone, Pier Paolo Miglietta

Wine is a complex and highly differentiated product of a very wide and heterogeneous compartment, where quality plays an important role in determining demand. Wine production in Italy is unique in the world and important for all of its regions and its vineyards are placed in extremely different environments, from coastal plains to considerable altitudes and slopes. The Italian level of quality can be considered very high, since approximately 69% of wine production is characterized by Appellation of Origin (AO). The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential efficiency in production of Italian wines with Appellation of Origin, in terms of quality, prices and vine yields. Results of this study highlight the economic value generated annually by each declared hectare of vineyard, showing the “Top five wines”, allowing reflections that underline the strategic role of some factors, useful to create a high value production process.

COSTACHE BIANCA

The paper is mainly focused on a key subject of economic literature, respectively the way in which the fiscal policy impact economic growth of countries; therefore, these effects have been illustrated by taking into consideration the real economic context, within which they act as indicators of fiscal policy (direct and indirect taxes), as well as other sectors of economy (public debt, capital investments). The study contains the analysis and evaluation of the instruments’ effects of fiscal policy on the real growth rate within the 3 selected countries: Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary. I conducted the analysis through the regression model, more precisely through the least squares method, which reflects the effects of those six selected indicators: public debt, capital investments, direct taxes, indirect taxes, social benefits and revenues from the capitalization of public goods on real growth rate of the gross domestic product. The assumption for starting the research was the fact that fiscal policy’s instruments act different according to the nature of the indicator. Following the recording of the results which showed a negative effect drove by indicators like social benefits, capital investments, revenues from capitalization of public goods, indirect taxes, the hypothesis was confirmed. Also, the model proved to be statistically valid and that it has a liniar correlation between the variables after application of the econometric tests.

BAKÓ KINGA-ERZSÉBET, FÜLÖP ÁRPÁD-ZOLTÁN

Today the economic performance of enterprises is defined in a different way compared to traditional approaches, to understand the modern definitions will need to review the evolution of the concept from the beginnings until nowadays. In the traditional approach the economic performance of the enterprises was defined only by the perspective shareholders’, so the business owners, what is not surprising, as it was considered the source of rewarding investors and the main purpose of the business. Today a company is performing if he responds and at the economic level to the expectations of several stakeholder groups. In this article we review the evolution of these notions and we give a definition based on the modern approaches taking into account and the fact that, we can't discuss economic performance without social performance and environmental performance of an enterprise. In the last resort we aproach system measurement of the performance that meets the expectations generated by today's society.

PAUL BOGDAN ZAMFIR

This paper aims to synthesize main aspects regarding the implementation of the information society in Romania in the the current period of post-accession to European Union. This approach of scientific research is based essentially on a set of official documents between which are highlighted National Strategy on the Digital Agenda for Romania 2020, corroborated with Digital Agenda for Europe. In this sense, it is important to mention that the Information Society (IS) involves not only a rethinking of the way in which Romanian companies should identify efficiency and performance solutions to requirements of more ever specialized consumers, which could allow to maintain on the advantageous positions ahead of stiff trade competition intra and extra EU trade competition but also a greater awareness of behavior and valorisation mutations generated by the complexity of globalization phenomenon which could appear at national consciousness level. Also in the equation process of Romania's integration into the paradigm of information society, the innovation and technological changeshave an important role in achieving economic performances and changes in their dynamic, that can irreversibly influence the mechanism for implementing the strategies of modernization, growth and sustainable development. Finally, it is important to emphasize that from this perspective it is porposed only a schematic approach to the framework of IS implementation in Romania, without the intention of making an exhaustive presentation of the issue highlighted in this paper.

LORENA POPESCU DUDUIALĂ

The emerging markets emerge and develop in the larger context of the international financial market development "is a consequence of the needs expressed by investors and those who wish to place their financial capital." Thus, to achieve a certain level of saturation economic zones and the lack of attractiveness of gains obtainable in certain markets determine the migration of capital to areas that are or may become interesting in terms of the gains that are achieved by investing in these areas in conjunction minimizing market risk assumed.

Daniel M. Millette

In terms of community planning in Canada, it can easily be argued that the Tsawwassen First Nation in British Columbia is undergoing one of the most challenging processes in present-day planning practice. Since the signing of the Tsawwassen First Nation Final Agreement - the first contemporary urban treaty in the country, several economic development activities have been negotiated, all within a comprehensive land use planning strategy initiated by Tsawwassen Chief Kim Baird, that can only be referred to as 'innovative' and 'bold'. Several multimillion dollar projects are in the works, including a four hundred (400) million dollar shopping mall, an inland port, and a series of subdivisions that will eventually accommodate 4,000 new residents. The planning process of integrating the First Nation lands within a peri-urban framework, all-the-while maintaining a progressive, jurisdictional approach that places traditional values, transparency and community well-being at the forefront of a list of several important and at times competing planning tenets, is, at best, ambitious. The objective, to Chief Baird, is to create an economy that welcomes investment, all-the-while attracting families, within a First Nation regime that is fair to all stakeholders. The journey has been a long one, having its roots in colonial times, with the Chief's great grand-father's eventual address to the McKenna-McBride Commission, adhering to the British Columbia Treaty Commission's Treaty Process, becoming a signatory to the Framework Agreement on First Nation Lands Management, and culminating in what would arguably be the most significant urban treaty in Canadian history-the Tsawwassen First Nation Final Agreement. The whole has provided for a complex blend of lands whose uses together must satisfy needs that extend from the culturally important past into an economically viable future. The land use planning process for this very special set of lands and stakeholders is therefore not straightforward, having required an incremental approach that is novel and worth consideration for other communities undergoing rapid change.

NĂSTASIE MIHAELA – ANDREEA

General research area of this article is the annual social reports that have as main objective the good information of users of both the internal and external users of accounting information reported. In economic, financial reports along with reports of social attract itself an end, equally profitable and moral, individual and social welfare bringing. Social Balance is an instrument of human resource management information, retrospective summary that aims to satisfy the social information of employees and highlight the social resources of the economic entity and use, in order to know the case where the entity is economic profit or loss realized.

CSUTAK ISTVAN

Romania’s highways are standing ahead of considerably high investments. In the last few decades thetransport infrastructure has been pushed into the background due to lack of financial support. The 21st Centuryhas brought important breakthroughs in the building of highways. In the report on global risks in 2013published by WEF (World Economic Forum) the "The prolonged neglect of infrastructure" is being consideredsuch a risk. Our study focuses on the construction works that have been carried out in the Central, North-Western and Western regions of Romania. The highways of the above mentioned regions will be analysed basedon three main points of focus: highways that have already been built, highways currently under construction andhighways that are planned to be built. The aim is to present and compare the 3 regions’ highway infrastructure,determination of an approximate end date for the highways that are currently under construction. It has beenconcluded, that until 2013 the construction work on segments funded by the EU progressed much faster, than theones funded by the government. The results of the study refer to how soon could the construction works reach anend on segments currently in progress.

Toma Sorin-George, Marinescu Paul, Gradinaru Catalin

After its defeat in the World War II, Japan was a country in ruin. The Japanese economy faced huge problems as unemployment and hyperinflation increased. The vast majority of its industry was destroyed and new industrial facilities had to be re-constructed from the ashes. In the 1970s Japan achieved a giant economic stature, evolving into the second largest economy of the world. There are many ways of analyzing the Japanese economic miracle, but in the final, management has to being considered as one of its most important factors. The aims of our paper are to emphasize some of the main features of the Japanese management in the globalization era, and to present the case of Toyota Motor Company. The research type is a literature review combined with a case study.

Warren I. Weir