Abstract Teacher qualifications, self‐efficacy, and quality of teacher–student interactions (QTSIs) are critical factors in educational discourse. While research shows varied results for each variable, studies have yet to examine all three variables simultaneously. To what extent does teacher self‐efficacy contribute to bridging the qualifications gap toward QTSIs? This study investigates the relationship between teacher educational qualifications and QTSIs and the potential role of teacher self‐efficacy in addressing the qualifications gap. An empirical analysis of 419 valid responses from senior high school (SHS) teachers in Ghana utilizing the t‐test and ordinary least squares estimators uncovered noteworthy findings. The study revealed a positive influence of teacher educational qualifications on QTSIs, with higher qualifications (master's degree) significantly enhancing QTSIs compared to lower qualifications (bachelor's degree). Teacher self‐efficacy positively moderated the impact of teacher educational qualifications on QTSIs. The study also revealed that while higher teacher self‐efficacy was beneficial in bridging the educational qualifications gap between bachelor's and master's degrees on QTSIs, it only partially bridged the gap. This study's findings invite policymakers, teacher educators, and school authorities to employ a balanced approach to improving QTSIs in SHS classrooms in Ghana by encouraging teachers to advance their qualifications and creating an enabling environment to develop their self‐efficacy.
The article focuses on the phenomenon of the ‘cult of security,’ which has not yet been adequately studied in international studies. The aim and novelty of the paper is to try to fill this gap and to theorize this phenomenon from the perspective of international politics. The key attention is paid to the issue of the origins of the security cult, which is associated with the process of widening of security in political practice and research literature. In the course of the study, the author applied constructivist and hermeneutic approaches, as well as historiographical analysis. The materials used include two areas of research that reflect the tendency towards widening of security: strategic studies and peace studies. The study concludes that the widening of security since the 1960s has unwittingly contributed to the emergence of a security cult in international politics. Its main feature is the gradual extension of security practices related to the reproduction and construction of social fears to all domains of human and social life. In the long run, the security measures taken further can exacerbate anxiety and conflict in international relations, leading to a further strengthening of these measures, the abolition of the basic principles of liberalism, and the transformation of excessive control into a part of everyday political life. In modern conditions, the cult of security consists of a number of interrelated trends: the widening of the security discourse, the intensification of global geopolitical contradictions, the mediatization of public policy and the activities of ‘security professionals.’ Taken together, these trends can have a long-term effect on the political life of modern societies, going beyond the current geopolitical confrontations. The article concludes with a number of examples of the manifestation of the cult of security in contemporary political practice. The author states the diversity of manifestations of this phenomenon in international life, as well as the need for further research on this subject.
International relations, Political science (General)
<p>The discourse on the city, its forms, planning and management under uncertainty is undoubtedly the most widespread and relevant in the last ten years. The prospects for the development of the city and its urban community depend rather on the articulation and representation of the content of social demand from society, the population of specific cities, than on external factors. Citizens have a clear vision for the future and present of their city. The city perception of its inhabitants is correlated with the citizens’ ideas about the modern city and appears as a discourse in their judgments, opinions and assessments. Urban discourse is defined as positioning, representation of urban identity of citizens and reflection of the perception of the city identity. The presence of this discourse is found in the citizens’ narratives about the city. The study is based on the personal experience narratives, specifically the informants’ reflections upon their evaluation and perception of their city were analyzed. Narrative analysis, supplemented by sentiment analysis (positive or negative presentation of the material) was chosen as a research tactic, the research method is content analysis. The major purpose of this work is to study the perception of the identity of the city by citizens. The novelty of the work is determined by the design of the study, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the method of triangulation according to N. Denzin., as well as the choice of a subjective parameter (perception by citizens of their city) as a guideline for managerial actions in shaping the identity of the city in order to achieve connectivity “city – citizen”. An additional contribution of this paper is the construction of a paired logic of connectivity: “city – citizen” through the correlation between the citizens urban identity indicators and the identity of the city on the basis of empirical data of six cities in the Tyumen region. The study showed that citizens with a high level of urban identity perceive the city through personal participation in its life, through the manifestation of subjectivity.</p>
Sociology (General), Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology
Abstract Although emergency remote teaching (ERT) emerged as a trending research area during COVID-19, teamwork emergency remote teaching practices (ERTPs) remained an untouched topic in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) writing. Teaching practices in various contexts are shaped by a communicative event such as face-to-face, online, or ERT. There is a significant need for using classroom discourse to probe such writing events. Accordingly, this context-based study evaluates the teamwork ERTPs in EFL writing communicative event. To achieve this task, it develops a conceptual framework that integrates discourse of ethnography with pedagogical technology: an ethnography of settings, participants, ends, acts, keys, instruments, norms, and genres (SPEAKING), with technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). Eleven sessions were collected from the recorded emergency remote sessions, chatroom, online session report, and the course portfolio in the preparatory year (PY) of Najran University, Saudi Arabia. The analysis revealed that EFL writing class is a hybrid communicative event in which the teaching team gradually recouped their traditional teaching practices. The team pushed their students to use written discourse. Technical practices show that because of cultural norms the participants did not use the camera. Content practices include adapting the teaching materials in the form of a PDF file to serve the interests of physical distancing. Pedagogical practices involve poor attendance, planning practices, and archival practices. The study concludes that a teaching team is an effective strategy during crises. The study recommends further investigation of macro teaching practices beyond classroom boundaries. Students can improve their spelling and writing issues using chatrooms, PowerPoint presentations, and Google forms. ERT can be flexible in terms of selecting materials that best serve the learning outcomes. A student’s writing e-portfolio can be used as an alternative assessment tool in EFL virtual writing courses. Flipped classroom discourse and digital discourse are potential areas for investigating ERTPs.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
Results-based financing (RBF) in the healthcare sector is a travelling model. Despite early positive findings, evidence of its effectiveness has been scarce. In 2018, an article that was critical of RBF caused individual and collective reactions that were virulent at times. We analyze this controversy using qualitative discourse analysis. We find that neither the RBF approach nor its basis was fundamentally questioned, but only its journey was. This controversy illustrates the importance of actors and their networks in the social construction of the reputation of a travelling model. Once forged – even without proof – it is difficult to question it.
Este artigo apresenta articulações teórico-metodológicas empreendidas a partir da perspectiva interseccional para investigar as negociações profissionais de cinco estagiárias em jornalismo no Rio Grande do Sul, que se inscrevem nos marcadores sociais da diferença de gênero, raça e classe. Com isso em vista, colhemos pistas sobre as estratégias de estudantes mulheres para a ascensão da carreira, que, em síntese, se relaciona à obtenção massiva de experiências, realização de cursos extracurriculares e demasiado empenho em sustentar suas habilidades. Tais táticas de crescimento profissional associamos ao agenciamento de feminilidade, que acaba por reter o desenvolvimento das mulheres às margens das profissões e salários.
Basenko Gyulnara, Baskakova Victoria, Sakharova Elena
This article deals with studying the characteristic features of ironic statements functioning in the speech behaviour of German journalists. The article identifies the strategic aspects of ironic statements in the communicative space of the German-language media discourse. The article reveals the phenomenon of irony from the point of view of the pragmalinguistic approach. The authors analyze the speech behaviour of German journalists according to the speech strategy “the formation of an ironic meaning in the statement”. The tactics by which this strategy is realized in the newspaper texts are discussed in detail. The study covers various newspaper genres and includes the analysis of examples with irony in the journalists’ articles which are particularly characterized by an ironic presentation. Based on the above, it is concluded that irony can be a characteristic feature of journalists’ speech behaviour.