Hasil untuk "Regional economics. Space in economics"

Marcus Berliant, Axel Watanabe

Bruno Dias Magalhães, Fernando Souza Coelho

Em uma conjuntura de insegurança alimentar no Brasil e retorno do país ao Mapa da Fome da ONU em 2022, este artigo joga luz na trajetória de quase 30 anos da política pública de segurança alimentar de Belo Horizonte (BH), aventando uma (re)aprendizagem em torno de soluções alternativas a partir de inovações locais. Metodologicamente, a investigação é um estudo de caso que integra a revisão bibliográfica com a análise documental para identificar hipóteses – não previstas na literatura nacional – sobre a gênese e o processo de (re)produção dessa política pública municipal que serviu de referência acadêmica e outrora inspirou ações governamentais estruturantes na União. Partindo das abordagens dos múltiplos fluxos e do feedback de políticas públicas, o estudo considera a interpenetração da administração pública e da sociedade civil para sugerir novos pressupostos para o êxito do caso de BH, a saber: a transformação das inovações sociais em instrumentos de política pública, o papel desempenhado por uma burocracia autônoma, competente e estabelecida e o hibridismo institucional da prestação de serviços.

Yong Bao

Cody Nehiba, Justin Tyndall

Thoa Hoang, Ilan Noy

Goiuri Alberdi, Edurne Magro, Mari Jose Aranguren et al.

ABSTRACTPublic procurement of food is seen as a critical tool for a paradigm shift and for facilitating the development of specific policy objectives to build sustainable food environments. Furthermore, the harnessing of the purchasing power of hospitals, prioritizing local and sustainable food, offers the potential to transform food production systems into more resilient production models and bring them in line with current European sustainability strategies. This paper analyses the current situation of sustainable food procurement strategies in Osakidetza, the Basque Health System, and identifies the challenges and action plans needed to develop a sustainable food strategy. Sustainable food procurement is still incipient in Osakidetza. This roadmap proposal is a basic but necessary contribution as a starting point. Likewise, we find contributions from agroecology that are interesting for the construction of sustainable food environments in health systems.

Druzhinin A.G.

The article explores the impact of geopolitical processes on the spatial organisation of society, a matter that has gained increasing importance in Russia. It focuses on the utilization of the World Ocean and its coastlines for resource extraction, logistics, military-strategic purposes, and settlement. Methodologically, this study combines modern socio-geographical approaches emphasising the role of the maritime factor in spatial development with classical geopolitical ideologemes drawing a line between the land and the sea. It stresses the fundamental possibility for territories, including states, not only to acquire synthetic continental-maritime attributes but also to transform the balance of these attributes under the influence of geopolitical determinants. The article analyses geopolitically induced changes in the maritime activities pursued by Russia in the post-Soviet period. The primary focus is on the situational territorial and economic shifts of 2014 and 2022, and their implications for Russian territories in the Baltic region. Pronounced inter-basin differences are described with respect to the coastalisation of the population. The study also evaluates the economic condition of key Russian maritime centres and their resilience to external influences, especially geopolitical challenges. The article offers a geopolitical justification for Russia’s ongoing maritime endeavours, emphasizing the need for inter-basin, intermunicipal, and interregional integration. This integration should be accompanied by the establishment of coastal-intracontinental facilities, such as hubs, across Russia. It is imperative for the nation and its prominent corporations to actively engage in shaping the framework of emerging expansive international maritime socio-geographical structures, facilitating the shift toward global maritime polycentrism. The solution to these problems is closely linked to the priority goal of strengthening Russia’s geostrategic standing in the Baltic region, particularly with a focus on its maritime components. These developments are anticipated within the context of the Russian Baltic Area, envisioned as a borderland with trans-basin geopolitical, economic-geographical, and geocultural bi-structural asymmetry.

Peter Jones, Daphne Comfort

This paper offers an exploratory review of how some of the major US and European food retailers have publicly addressed animal welfare. The findings reveal that six interlinked themes, namely, strategic corporate commitment, animal welfare as good business policy, a focus on supply chains, policies on specific categories of animals and animal products, antibiotics, and auditing, illustrated the food retailers’ approach to animal welfare. The authors raise a range of issues about the retailers’ approach to animal welfare, including the aspirational nature of their commitments, the emphasis on regular audits, the role of external assurance in the reporting process, pressure from animal welfare campaigns, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper offers an accessible review how some of the major US and European food retailers have publicly addressed the issue of animal welfare.

Aleksandr V. Shchekoturov, Mihail I. Krishtal, Elena P. Zimovina

This article explores the role of a regional media image on migration attitudes. Attention is drawn to the Kaliningrad region, a Russian exclave whose population growth is solely due to migration. The study aims to determine how the media images of Kaliningrad affect the decision to move. The research draws on Radaev’s concept of generations. It uses 2014—2018 regional and national publications about the Kaliningrad region (N=1913) and semi-structured interviews with informants (N=44). The research methods are publication analysis and in-depth interviews processed using the Atals.ti software. The five images identified are a region of international cooperation, a military outpost, an economically attractive area, a territory of developing infrastructure, and a tourist destination. The most substantial intergenerational differences concern the media images of a military outpost and an economically attractive area. Members of the reform generation are more likely than millennials to see a military threat and consider the security aspect when moving. Millennials showed greater awareness of what constitutes the image of an economically attractive region. It is concluded that differences between millennials and the reform generation in evaluating the significance of the region’s media images depend crucially on the migration motives. For millennials, the priority is employment and career growth, whilst for the reform generation, it is finding a comfortable place to live in old age.

Grigoreva O. V. , Plyusnin N. O.

The growing number of participants in foreign policy decision-making calls for a study of the forces affecting the behaviour of states in the international arena. In contemporary states, parliaments are increasingly challenging the exclusive prerogatives of executive power in foreign and defence policy. Many experts stress that the powers of the Danish Parliament in these fields are among the most considerable in the world. The question is, however, whether these powers are exercised in the same manner towards different states and regions. This article aims to find out how the Danish Parliament contributes to the country’s foreign policy towards the EU and Russia. The concentric circles model is employed to assess the level of the Danish Parliament’s participation in the foreign policy of the Kingdom of Denmark in different regions of the world. The study conducts a comparative analysis of the evidence of the Parliament’s influence on Denmark’s relations with the EU, the EFTA, and Russia. The findings lead one to conclude that the Danish Parliament’s participation in the country’s foreign policy towards EU bodies is highly institutionalised and coherent, which can be explained by close integration of Danish political elites into European ones as well as by European processes being clear and predictable for Danish parliamentarians. The participation of the Parliament in Danish—Russian relations is less systematic and structured since the Danish Parliament sometimes lacks diplomatic experience and resources to influence more complex and ambiguous relations with the Russian Federation.

Yusuf Munandar

To overcome the problem of the severe food insecurity in the Central Java Province of Indonesia amidst the Covid-19 outbreak, the Indonesian government provided staple foods assistance to them. The research question is whether the provision of staple foods assistance will overcome the problem of severe food insecurity in Central Java Province of Indonesia? The purpose of this study was to determine whether the provision of staple foods assistance would overcome the problem of severe food insecurity in Central Java Province of Indonesia. This research method is a descriptive analysis using 2019 Susenas data obtained from BPS Indonesia. The result of the study is that the provision of staple foods assistance can not overcome the problem of severe food insecurity in Central Java Province of Indonesia because it is based on DTKS data and local government data which only covers 54.69% of all residents of Central Java Province who suffer from severe food insecurity. The recommendation of this research is the Indonesian central and local government so as to update DTKS data and local government data as soon as possible so that DTKS data and local government data can include all residents of Central Java Province who suffer from severe food insecurity so that they no longer suffer from severe food insecurity.

Asim Rafiq, Shahbib Hassan

This study examines the time-varying long-term stock market interdependence between china and the ten emerging economies, using Johansen co-integration and Dynamic Conditional Correlation-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (DCC GARCH) model. It analyses the dynamic association between the equity markets and the macroeconomic determinants using panel regression analysis. Findings/originality: The results indicate that the Chinese stock market are co-integrated with the stock market of the other emerging markets. It confirms that the relationship between china and the other emerging economies has been increasing over time. It concludes that there is long run interdependence between the Chinese and the other emerging economies. In addition, the results of the panel regression show that macroeconomic determinants have no significant effect on the equity market correlations between China and the ten emerging economies.

Galina B. Kosharnaya, Lyudmila F. Karimova, Natalya V. Korzh

Introduction. The relevance of the issue of socio-economic deprivation is due to the fact that the lack of attention to the solution of this problem may lead to manifestation of discontent of both individuals and social groups, which may threaten the stability of Russia’s society. In this regard, in order to preserve stability in the society, it is necessary to study the low-income population and the socio-economic factors of deprivation. The aim of the research is to identify the socio-economic indicators of deprivation of the low-income population in the Penza Region. Materials and Methods. To achieve this goal, a research was conducted, aimed at identifying various forms of deprivation of the low-income population and the living standards of the poor in the modern Russian society. The research employed quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as materials of secondary research. The article analyzes the data of the 2018 survey conducted among the low-income population in the Penza Region. Among the qualitative methods, the focus group method was chosen. General scientific methods were used, such as systemic and comparative analysis, analysis of statistical data. Results. The problem of socio-economic deprivation in the Penza Region has been analyzed; its indicators and types have been highlighted. The focus group discussion has revealed the main factor of economic deprivation – the inequality of income distribution in modern society. Thus, the study performed has proved that the causes of poverty of a regional society are associated with economic deprivation (low wages, lack of employment). The survey conducted has made it possible to identify the strategies of the low-income population to get out of a difficult financial situation. Discussion and Conclusion. Deprivation of the population is a problem of national importance. To address this issue, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of each constituent entity of the Russian Federation separately, to identify the causes and factors leading to deprivation of certain categories of the population, to develop measures to overcome poverty in the country and in the region. The results can help federal and municipal authorities in solving the above mentioned problem.

Priyonggo Suseno, Omar Bamahriz

This paper analyzes the impact of banks' risk to the profitability of Islamic banks and to identify what risks play the non-trivial role. To this objective, 75 Islamic banks in 24 countries in 2015 have been studied. A series of bank risks, industry-specific and macroeconomic indicators are combined to explain the profitability of Islamic banking as measured by Return on Average Assets (ROAA), Return on Average Equity (ROAE), and Value Added (VA). The bank risks comprise credit risk, insolvency risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk. Having used robust linear regressions, the results indicate that all four types of risk influence bank's profitability. Operational risk is the risk that plays the most important role in influencing banks' profitability, whether measured by ROAA, ROAE or profit before taxes over the total asset (PBTTA). On the other hand, credit risk, liquidity, and insolvency do not conclusively increase or decrease Islamic bank profitability. Macroeconomic conditions, measured by inflation, actually has a positive impact on the profitability of Islamic banks. This indicates that operational risks and macroeconomic stability should be given primary attention in increasing bank's profitability.

Murharsito Murharsito, Fitri Ella Fauziah, Emanuel Kristijadi et al.

This paper investigates the effect of provincial corruption on the performance of local development bank, specifically to the profitability and credit quality. We use the data of 26 local development banks in 2012 and 2013. For the provincial corruption measurement we use “Public Institution Openness Index”. Results of this study are first, corruption significantly has a negative effect on the profitability of local development bank. Second, corruption doesn’t affect the credit quality of local development bank. These results are expected to enrich the within country corruption effect to the economic studies, particularly to the local development bank which is infrequently investigated.

Nano Prawoto

Demand for money is one of the large-scale monetary that plays an important role in the behavior of monetary policy in every economy. The monetary policy can give a contribution to reach the economy.

Hadri Kusuma

Advertising becomes an interesting tool for the accounting profession in the face of increased competition. Accounting firms today realize that advertising will play an important role in their overall success.

Edy Suandi Hamid, MB Hendrie Anto

Dalam tiga dasawarsa terakhir kinerja perekonomian Indonesia menunjukkan prestasi yang cukup mengagumkan, sehingga termasuk dalam High Performing Asia Economies (HPAEs). Namun demikian, masih terdapat beberapa masalah yang cukup pelik, seperti tingginya tingkat pengangguran, distribusi pendapatan yang semakin timpang, angka kemiskinan yang cukup besar, serta hutang luar negeri yang sampai pada "lampu merah". Dalam kancah internasional daya saing Indonesia menduduki posisi yang rendah, dan bahkan pada tahun 1996 cenderung turun. Kebijakan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi selama ini sering kurang sistematis dan strategis, serta tidak konsisten. Masih rumitnya permasalahan ekonomi dalam negeri di satu sisi, dan tuntutan perdagangan bebas di sisi lain, telah menempatkan Indonesia pada posisi yang dilematis. Konflik antara kepentingan pemerataan dengan pertumbuhan, kepentingan domestik dan internasional merupakan contoh dilema yang tak mudah dipecahkan. Dibutuhkan suatu tekad yang kuat serta usaha yang konsisten dengan disertai kebijakan strategis untuk dapat survive di masa depan.

Vladimir Stepanovich Bochko

In the article, the hypothesis that the modern industrial-technological process causes complication of socio-economic space and conducts to amplification its integrity, which, in turn, causes the need for the coordinated and balanced development, is proved. The process of complication of economic space is revealed as a result of number growth of communications caused by creation of the enterprises and organizations, by the change of structure of manufacture and increase of an educational level of the population. The characteristics of a new quality of economic space are given. The factors of the coordinated and balanced development of territories are allocated. The contents «a commercial combination» is shown. The necessity of transition to the system innovation thinking in conditions of becoming complicated economic space is proved. The idea of use «rebalancing of the economy « as a new vision of equation in conditions of crisis situations is offered. The conclusion is made that the result of theoretical and practical searches should become formation vital stability of development of territories, which is provided with intelligence — technological and moral — ethical level of the population, living on it

Vladimir Nikiforovich Belkin , Nadezhda Andreyevna Belkina , Larisa Borisovna Vladykina

The article deals with the basic theoretical questions of the company competitiveness assessment. The state of modern economic thought on this issue is shown. The main factors of the company competitiveness are specified. A specific role of staff of an enterprise is revealed: on the one hand, it is a resource, on the other is a subject, resulting in productive movement all factors of competitiveness, i.e. the staff is a critical factor in the company competitiveness. The criterion of company competitiveness is proposed, on its basis, the concept of “competitive enterprise” is defined. The most well-known approaches for assessing the company competitiveness are analyzed. The author’s method of the company competitiveness assessment based on the dynamics of the integral index of competitiveness is provided. For those cases, when it is impossible to determine the proportion of products on the market, it is proposed to evaluate the company competitiveness on the profitability of its production. The article shows the experience in calculating of the company competitiveness on the proposed author’s methods.