Hasil untuk "Men"

W. Gove, J. Tudor

R. Garrison, W. Kannel, J. Stokes et al.

W. Garraway, R. Lee, G. N. Collins

L. Verbrugge

C. Chute, C. Chute, L. Panser et al.

Scott J. South, G. Spitze

E. Blaak

H. Miettinen, S. Lehto, V. Salomaa et al.

Michele Grossman, W. Wood

M. Collins, R. Stafford, M. O'Leary et al.

S. Jacobsen, D. Jacobson, C. Girman et al.

Jeffrey N. Martin, D. Ganem, D. Osmond et al.

S. Rathore, Yongfei Wang, H. Krumholz

N. Lynch, N. Lynch, E. Metter et al.

A. Benetos, K. Okuda, M. Lajémi et al.

Md. Mizanur Rahman, Md. Safayet Hossain, Ryota Nakamura et al.

Abstract Background This study aims to examine unmet healthcare needs and the burden of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments in Bangladesh among hypertensive adults using the most recent survey data. Methods A total of 5086 hypertensive patients aged 18 to 80 were recruited from 75 pharmacies in Bangladesh in 2023, 35 being located in urban areas and 40 in rural areas. Unmet healthcare needs was the primary outcome variable, while the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) was the secondary outcome variable. A multilevel logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with unmet healthcare needs and CHE. A multilevel Tobit regression model was used to identify the determinants of OOP health expenditures. Results The study indicated that the prevalence of unmet healthcare needs among hypertensive adults was around 26% and incidence of CHE was 46% at 10% threshold of total consumption in Bangladesh. The most common reason for unmet healthcare needs was affordability, long waiting times, lack of availability, and transportation issues etc. Unmet healthcare needs were more prevalent among men, individuals with no education, divorced/separated, non-Muslims and poor population. Regression models suggested that older people, men, those with higher education, Muslim, married people, larger household, overweight and obese people, and rural residents were more likely to burden of OOP expenses. Conclusions High unmet needs and CHE prevalence in Bangladesh reveal inadequate health risk protection. Prioritizing affordability, addressing disparities, and strengthening financial risk protection can improve access and outcomes for hypertensive adults.

Yaqi Cui, Zihan Liu, Lingling Zhang et al.

IntroductionCervical cancer is a common malignant tumor in females, and its carcinogenesis needs further elucidation. Cuproptosis is a novel mode of cell death and its role in cervical cancer is largely unknown.MethodsThe data of 334 cases of cervical cancer patients were extracted from public databases, including TCGA, GEO, GSCA and Msigdb databases. The R package, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were used to construct the prediction model. To confirm the validation of the model, FOXJ1 was over-expressed in HeLa and SiHa cells. CCK-8, EdU, colony formation and Transwell assays were used to test the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities. Western blotting was utilized to examine the changes of protein levels.ResultsWe constructed a six-gene signature based on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) using consensus clustering analysis which further classified the patients into Cluster A and Cluster B. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer in Cluster B was significantly better than in Cluster A (p=0.027). By analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we optimized the subclassification as high and low DEG score types, and revealed their differences in prognosis, copy number variation and single nucleotide variation. The scoring model showed effectiveness in distinguishing prognosis, tumor staging, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity. Moreover, the overexpression of FOXJ1 (one of the DEGs) significantly decreased the proliferation, invasion, migration and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) process in cervical cancer cells. FOXJ1 promoted cuproptosis in cervical cancer cells, thereby inhibiting their proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities.ConclusionOur study sheds light on the role of cuproptosis in carcinogenesis and is expected to facilitate the development of personalized treatment for cervical cancer.

Angelina Wang, Michelle Phan, Daniel E. Ho et al.

Algorithmic fairness has conventionally adopted the mathematically convenient perspective of racial color-blindness (i.e., difference unaware treatment). However, we contend that in a range of important settings, group difference awareness matters. For example, differentiating between groups may be necessary in legal contexts (e.g., the U.S. compulsory draft applies to men but not women) and harm assessments (e.g., referring to girls as ``terrorists'' may be less harmful than referring to Muslim people as such). Thus, in contrast to most fairness work, we study fairness through the perspective of treating people differently -- when it is contextually appropriate to. We first introduce an important distinction between descriptive (fact-based), normative (value-based), and correlation (association-based) benchmarks. This distinction is significant because each category requires separate interpretation and mitigation tailored to its specific characteristics. Then, we present a benchmark suite composed of eight different scenarios for a total of 16k questions that enables us to assess difference awareness. Finally, we show results across ten models that demonstrate difference awareness is a distinct dimension to fairness where existing bias mitigation strategies may backfire.

Svetlana Barkanova, Gwen Grinyer, Juliette Mammei et al.

We discuss a number of new initiatives and events since 2020 which we hope will contribute to advancement of equity issues within the physics community in Canada. A recent analysis of high-school data shows that men are still over-represented in high-school physics courses, and the fraction has not changed in over a decade. Results from a national survey show that despite improvements over the years, the percentage of women and gender diverse physicists drops by around 35% between undergraduate students to those in a physics career. This decline is even more notable among Black, Indigenous, and people of colour (BIPOC) women and gender diverse physicists, whose representation drops by almost 60%. Several programs from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) have been implemented in order to improve equity, diversity, and accessibility in STEM on a national level, most notably the Chairs for Women in Sciences and Engineering (CSWE) and Chairs for Inclusion in Sciences and Engineering (CISE) initiatives. It is crucial to maintain data collection and support existing as well as new EDI projects in future years as we work to build a more inclusive community of physicists in Canada.

Vasileios Magoulianitis, Jiaxin Yang, Catherine A. Alexander et al.

Clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) is a leading cause of cancer death in men, yet it has a high survival rate if diagnosed early. Bi-parametric MRI (bpMRI) reading has become a prominent screening test for csPCa. However, this process has a high false positive (FP) rate, incurring higher diagnostic costs and patient discomfort. This paper introduces RadHop-Net, a novel and lightweight CNN for FP reduction. The pipeline consists of two stages: Stage 1 employs data driven radiomics to extract candidate ROIs. In contrast, Stage 2 expands the receptive field about each ROI using RadHop-Net to compensate for the predicted error from Stage 1. Moreover, a novel loss function for regression problems is introduced to balance the influence between FPs and true positives (TPs). RadHop-Net is trained in a radiomics-to-error manner, thus decoupling from the common voxel-to-label approach. The proposed Stage 2 improves the average precision (AP) in lesion detection from 0.407 to 0.468 in the publicly available pi-cai dataset, also maintaining a significantly smaller model size than the state-of-the-art.