Hasil untuk "Folklore"

Nikolina Šajn, Karin Finer

Rural tourism refers to the practice of visiting and experiencing rural areas for recreational, leisure, and educational purposes. It involves engaging with the natural, cultural, and historical resources of rural regions, providing opportunities for tourists to connect with local communities, traditions, and landscapes. This abstract explores the concept of rural tourism, highlighting its significance, characteristics, and benefits. Rural tourism offers a unique and authentic experience for travelers seeking to escape urban environments and immerse themselves in the tranquility and charm of rural settings. It emphasizes sustainable and responsible tourism practices, aiming to contribute to the economic, social, and environmental well-being of rural communities. Key characteristics of rural tourism include the preservation of rural heritage, the promotion of local culture and traditions, and the utilization of natural resources. Rural areas often possess rich cultural and natural assets, such as historic landmarks, scenic landscapes, traditional crafts, local cuisine, and folklore. These elements form the foundation for rural tourism development, attracting visitors who seek a genuine connection with nature, local customs, and rural lifestyles. Rural tourism brings numerous benefits to both tourists and rural communities. For tourists, it offers opportunities for relaxation, rejuvenation, and exploration in tranquil and picturesque settings. It provides a chance to experience the simplicity of rural life, engage in outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and wildlife observation, and partake in cultural events and festivals.

A. Al-Tamimi, F. Lewis, M. Abu-Khalaf

J. Wertsch

"Essays, poems, songs, folkloric anecdotes and photographs celebrating the myth of Mao. ... The editor supplies an insightful, and cohesing introduction". -- Reference & Research Book News "(A) highly entertaining and informative collection of translations of official, admiring, tacky, but sometimes also highly critical writings, and illustrations of objects, all featuring Mao. ... A must-have book for everybody interested in contemporary China, Mao, and his legacy now and in the future". -- China Information

D. Bobrow, A. Collins

S. Donaldson

D. Srinivasan, S. Nathan, T. Suresh et al.

Anna Zatora, Dominika Staszenko-Chojnacka

The article is an introduction to the exploration of horror as a transmedia genre. Contemporary horror is growing in popularity and functions in various media: literature, film, video games, streaming platforms, comics, but also in art or the entertainment industry. The elements that constitute horror (aesthetics, motifs, emotions evoked — art-horror, N. Carroll) allow it to be found in novels, films and video games, the genre of which is increasingly being studied. The presence of horror elements and horror characters (figures) in many media at the same time makes the genre gain new qualities and should be researched from a transmedia perspective (M. Freeman, A.M. Smith, B. Lutostański). On the basis of horror figures — monsters derived from the Gothic novel, but undergoing transformations on the ground of various media and cultural texts — the authors of the article demonstrate the necessity of a paradigm change and approach to horror in scientific research. They examine the classic figures of the vampire and zombie, but also ghosts, demons (folklore, religion) and new technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI). Referring to the concept of post-horror (D. Brzostek, D. Church), the authors describe contemporary social fears that are reflected in horror literature, digital/video games and film — with references to other media.

W. Bandaranayake

Elisabet Mangera, Anastasia Baan, Berthin Simega et al.

Folklore is a form of cultural heritage that is full of the life values, traditions and worldview of a society. This research aims to examine the life values ​​contained in Toraja folklore and how these values ​​reflect the social and cultural life of the Toraja people. The method used in this research is qualitative analysis with an ethnographic approach, where folk stories are collected and analyzed through in-depth interpretation. The research results show that Toraja folklore depicts the values ​​of togetherness, mutual cooperation, respect for ancestors, as well as respect and fear of customary law and cosmological rules. These values ​​not only function as a guide to life, but also strengthen Toraja cultural identity amidst ongoing social changes. These findings provide deeper insight into how folklore can be a medium for understanding social structures, moral values, and the Torajan people's perspective on life.

Frances Wilkins

The evangelical revivals (known in English as ‘awakenings’ and in Gaelic as na dùsgaidhean) of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries had an immediate impact upon singing and music-making in Presbyterian communities in the Western Isles as well as a significant long-term effect on both traditional and sacred musical practice and performance. Awakenings often led converts to re-evaluate their participation in traditional music-making and singing and compelled many to give up their secular music practices upon conversion. Even so, music-making itself was not discouraged, and these religious revivals created an environment which encouraged converts to replace their secular repertoire with spiritual songs and hymns, and to embrace the singing and new composition of spiritual songs to express their newly experienced Christian faith. This article examines the impact of religious revivals on music-making in the Outer Hebrides – particularly Lewis – and the significant musical shifts, including the composition of new repertoire, which took place within communities as a result.

Janusz Barański

Przedmiotem artykułu są dwie imprezy regionalne, konkurs i przegląd spiskiego folkloru: Spiskie Zwyki i Spiska Watra. Organizowane są każdego roku – odpowiednio – zimą i latem na Zamku Dunajec w Niedzicy i w Gminnym Ośrodku Kultury w Łapszach Niżnych z siedzibą w Niedzicy. Dyskutowany region jest niewielkim fragmentem krainy historycznej, której główna część znajduje się na terytorium Słowacji. Stanowił przez setki lat część Królestwa Węgier, stąd jego specyfika i odrębność kulturowa. W świetle przeprowadzonych badań etnograficznych analizowane imprezy należą do praktyk typu etnoperformansu, który łączy aspekt artystyczny ze społecznym. Pierwszy jest wyrazem regionalnej estetyki i artyzmu (folklor słowno-muzyczny, taniec, strój regionalny), drugi – rytualnego charakteru imprez służących procesom tożsamościowym. W świetle poczynionych ustaleń omawiane przypadki etnoperformansu reprezentują spuściznę kulturową w trybie dziedzictwa. W tym rozumieniu są formą odmienną od dawniejszej tradycji i można je uznać za rodzaj metakulturowej praktyki oraz metakulturowego komentarza wobec kultury regionalnej.

Jevrić Tamara M., Babić-Antić Jelena B.

Proverbs as a genre of folklore contain traditional values of a given culture and views upheld by its members. They form a repository for linguistic analysis, the foundation of which is the relationship between language, culture and society. The analysis of proverbs can be used as a way to deconstruct traditional views. This research paper attempts to explore intercultural and contrastive paremiology by contrasting proverbs from two different cultures, and by identifying and analysing common cultural models within proverbs in different languages. By contrasting proverbs in English and Serbian, the aim is to examine how women are described in proverbs and what proverbs reveal about the two different cultures, their cultural models and how they relate to the female gender. The corpus consists of English and Serbian proverbs containing the words describing women, namely woman, women, wife or wives in English (Hazlitt, 2007), and žena and all its inflectional forms in Serbian (Marković, 2005). By studying these proverbs, we are able to observe traditional ways of societal expectations of women, how they were seen and evaluated, praised and valued. Also, the research may act as a means of charting and rectifying men's views of women and their place in society.

Олександр Добржанський

The article analyzes the figure of Hryhorii Kupchanko, the Bukovynian ethnographer, journalist, publisher, and public figure. The author dwelled on some aspects of his biography, publishing, and journalistic activities, scientific research in ethnography, local history, and history that were unknown to the public. It is noted that H. Kupchanko quite often submitted false information about himself, which caused a lot of errors in the work of his researchers in the memoirs and autobiography. The source base of research was rather narrow. Major attention is paid to understanding the changes in the social and political views of H. Kupchanko, his evolution from old Russophilia to radical Moscophilia, as well as propaganda activities. The article confirms that since the late 1880s H. Kupchanko moved to the positions of the most consistent supporters of the Russian idea, in his numerous newspaper articles, brochures, he sought to impose Russian identity on the Rusyns of Bukovyna, Galicia and Transcarpathia, to convince them that they were the part of the «single Russian people», and that their language was a Great Russian dialect. This is evidenced by his numerous publications in the newspapers Russka Pravda, Prosvieshchieniye, various brochures, which were published in mass circulation and distributed free of charge to peasants of the Western Ukraine lands. The desire to justify H. Kupchanko by the fact that he made a certain contribution to the study of the customs, rituals, folklore of the Rusyns of Bukovyna and seems to be only a Russophile and not a radical Moscophile, does not hold waterand is refuted by numerous facts on his public and propaganda activities.

S. Yu. Nekliudov

The article discusses the plot, designated in the catalog of fairy tale types as “Borma Yaryzhka” (AaTh 485A): the hero is sent to the overseas kingdom, which is overrun by serpents, to obtain the royal regalia (~ to the city of Babylon for the crown); he fulfills his mission and returns; having three adventures on the way back (blinding the one-eyed ogre; escaping the sexual captivity of the ‘forest woman’; helping the lion in his fight with the enemy and then showing him the ‘power of hops’). It focuses on the literary sources of the plot frame (such as The Tale of the Babylonian Kingdom, The Parable of the City of Babylon, the Legend of Leo the Philosopher by Archbishop Anthony) and their origin; analyses the description of the hero’s adventures on his way back home and their genesis; discusses how this source material was assembled into a stable composition of an adventure tale. The conducted research leads us to the conclusion that The Tale of the Babylonian Kingdom is a Russian reworking of a Byzantine oral legend which over time absorbed a number of ‘wandering’ literary subplots. Their montage (unlikely to happen in the oral tradition) was probably modeled on the compositional patterns typical for books about the misadventures of returning heroes. Stories circulating in the tradition, which corresponded to a similar theme, provided the necessary materials. Thus, a long adventure story was created and later adapted by oral tradition. Analysis of its folkloric versions points to the previous existence of manuscript texts now lost, but their content can be partially restored from the available oral archives. Moreover, certain correspondences between the Russian adventure tale and the ones that come from geographically, historically and culturally distant parts (Latin, Arabic, Chinese), show that in the past there were some ‘intermediate links’ which connected them. Consequently, it is possible to hypothesize the existence of rich currents of manuscript texts, remotely connecting the whole ‘reader space’ of Eurasia and North Africa.

V. P. Kumar, N. Chauhan, H. Padh et al.

Puranen-Impola, Karoliina

J. Rojas, Veronica J Ochoa, Saul A Ocampo et al.

BackgroundThe antimicrobial activity and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts of Bidens pilosa L., Bixa orellana L., Cecropia peltata L., Cinchona officinalis L., Gliricidia sepium H.B. & K, Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don, Justicia secunda Vahl., Piper pulchrum C.DC, P. paniculata L. and Spilanthes americana Hieron were evaluated against five bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus β hemolític, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli), and one yeast (Candida albicans). These plants are used in Colombian folk medicine to treat infections of microbial origin.MethodsPlants were collected by farmers and traditional healers. The ethanol, hexane and water extracts were obtained by standard methods. The antimicrobial activity was found by using a modified agar well diffusion method. All microorganisms were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). MIC was determined in the plant extracts that showed some efficacy against the tested microorganisms. Gentamycin sulfate (1.0 μg/ml), clindamycin (0.3 μg/ml) and nystatin (1.0 μg/ml) were used as positive controls.ResultsThe water extracts of Bidens pilosa L., Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don, and Piper pulchrum C.DC showed a higher activity against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli than gentamycin sulfate. Similarly, the ethanol extracts of all species were active against Staphylococcus aureus except for Justicia secunda. Furthermore, Bixa orellana L, Justicia secunda Vahl. and Piper pulchrum C.DC presented the lowest MICs against Escherichia coli (0.8, 0.6 and 0.6 μg/ml, respectively) compared to gentamycin sulfate (0.9 8g/ml). Likewise, Justicia secunda and Piper pulchrum C.DC showed an analogous MIC against Candida albicans (0.5 and 0.6 μg/ml, respectively) compared to nystatin (0.6 μg/ml). Bixa orellana L, exhibited a better MIC against Bacillus cereus (0.2 μg/ml) than gentamycin sulfate (0.5 μg/ml).ConclusionThis in vitro study corroborated the antimicrobial activity of the selected plants used in folkloric medicine. All these plants were effective against three or more of the pathogenic microorganisms. However, they were ineffective against Streptococcus β hemolytic and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their medicinal use in infections associated with these two species is not recommended. This study also showed that Bixa orellana L, Justicia secunda Vahl. and Piper pulchrum C.DC could be potential sources of new antimicrobial agents.

F. Abdullaev, J. J. Espinosa-Aguirre

I. Oyeyemi, A. A. Akinlabi, A. Adewumi et al.

Abstract Vernonia amygdalina , a widely grown shrub plant in Africa is consumed as vegetable and has high medicinal value. It has gained wide application in the treatment and management of various diseases. The leaves are useful components for herbal medicine constitution. The plant’s activities is a result of diverse bioactive compounds isolated from the different parts of the plant. These metabolites have specifically been efficacious against parasites especially worms. The mechanisms of activities include paralysis of worm, interference with energy generation and impairment with nutrient absorption, motility, and reproduction. The lack of considerable toxicity associated with the plant makes it a choice for further drug discovery. Effort should be made towards standardizing the extract(s) of V. amygdalina for use in alternative medicine for treatment of helminth-related diseases.

A. Rauf, Seema Patel, G. Uddin et al.