This paper investigates the impact of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) performance on corporate labor investment efficiency in the Chinese market. We find that ESG performance can enhance labor investment efficiency. Additionally, this paper identifies that managerial myopia and the lack of financial expertise among management can hinder the positive effects of ESG on labor investment efficiency. Further, we discover that ESG can improve labor investment efficiency through the mediating role of R&D investments. Moreover, ESG tends to be more effective in enhancing labor investment efficiency in non-state-owned enterprises, in enterprises with low labor intensity, and in those that are in the growth or maturity stages of their business cycle. The conclusions remain robust after addressing issues of endogeneity, selection bias, and other methodological concerns. Overall, this paper enriches our understanding of the relationship between ESG and corporate labor investment efficiency.
Lola Yuliya Yu. , Mykhailenko Daria H., Bolotna Oksana V.
et al.
The article is aimed at studying the model of Ukraine’s integration into the Digital Single Market, analyzing the achievements and challenges of digitalization of Business-State-Community. The article examines the process of Ukraine’s integration into the Digital Single Market of the European Union, which is a strategically important stage for strengthening the position of the national economy in the context of global digital transformation. This process opens up new prospects for Ukraine, in particular, access to modern technologies, the development of electronic services and increased competitiveness in the global market. At the same time, integration into the EU digital space requires solving complex tasks, including infrastructure renewal, introduction of innovations, and adaptation of national legislation to European standards. The main benefits of this process are analyzed, such as improving access to digital markets, facilitating bilateral trade and stimulating the development of the IT sector. Particular attention is paid to the role of e-commerce as a key driver of economic growth. The article considers the opportunities provided by e-commerce to Ukrainian enterprises to enter the EU markets, as well as the positive impact of this segment on consumers due to the increase in the range of services and goods. Among the important aspects of integration, the issues of cybersecurity, which are becoming more and more relevant in the face of modern challenges, are considered. Ukraine, which is already facing persistent cyberattacks, needs to increase the level of protection of critical infrastructure, State databases and personal information of citizens. Furthermore, integration into the EU digital market includes the introduction of digital identity, which is a prerequisite for ensuring secure access to digital services. The authors underline the importance of harmonization of legislation for compliance with European standards in such key areas as personal data protection, e-commerce, digital taxation and regulation of the telecommunications market. The relevant changes are aimed at creating a favorable environment for businesses and citizens, stimulating investment and improving interaction with partners in the EU. Despite the noticeable progress in digitalization, Ukraine faces a number of challenges that hinder full integration into the Digital Single Market. In particular, these are cyber threats related to the ongoing military aggression, as well as digital ethics issues that require the development of clear rules and standards for the responsible use of technology. The problem of the digital divide between different regions of the country, which affects the availability of digital services for citizens and businesses, is considered separately. An important aspect is the support from the European Union, which includes financial, technical and expert assistance in implementing reforms and rebuilding infrastructure destroyed by the war. Without this support, it will be difficult for Ukraine to achieve rapid integration into the EU’s Digital Single Space. The article also emphasizes that success in this process depends on the coordination of actions of the government, business and international partners. Ukraine’s integration into the EU Digital Single Market is not only a strategic task, but also an important step towards ensuring economic stability, technological development and integration into the European community on the principles of transparency, innovation and security.
Стаття присвячена актуальному питанню, що стосується проблем і перспектив розвитку готельного господарства в Україні. Проведено аналіз сучасного стану індустрії гостинності в країні, на основі якого змогли визначити проблеми, окреслити способи їх вирішення, що дозволить сприяти вдосконаленню готелю, як організації та персоналу, який задіяний в цій сфері. Вивчення проблем підприємств індустрії гостинності є ключовим предметом дослідження науки і щоденної практичної діяльності на підприємствах. У своїй основі, це несе в собі великі потенційні можливості підвищення ефективності національної економіки і соціальних результатів функціонування робочої сили і техніко-технологічних засобів виробництва. Також в статті дано опис стану готельного бізнесу під час пандемії та війни: оцінюється стан готельних підприємств та запропоновано шляхи для відновлення сфери гостинності. Реалізація планів щодо відновлення і активізації готельного бізнесу може призвести до підйому економіки України, дозволить підвищити можливості розвитку персоналу та підвищить продуктивність роботи в закладі. Це позитивно вплине на сприйняття зовнішніми партнерами України на міжнародному ринку послуг.
The research in this article aims to analyze the health of the company, precisely at PT BCA Syariah Tbk and analyze the existence of financial distress to determine whether there is a potential for bankruptcy. The method used is descriptive quantitative method, using data from the 2020 BCA Syariah Financial Report and the report of self-assessment published 2016-2020 GCG. The data analysis technique used the RGEC method which resulted in a conclusion that the health condition of BCA Syariah was in a healthy condition. However, BCA Syariah needs to pay attention to maximizing net profit every year and to maximize financial performance, because the ROE value shows a low number from year to year. Meanwhile, the potential for financial distress in 2016-2020 using the Springate method produces a number above 1.062 and when tested using the Grover method, it produces a result of more than -0.02. In both calculations, it can be concluded that BCA Syariah does not have the potential for bankruptcy.
Penelitian pada artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kesehatan perusahaan, tepatnya pada PT BCA Syariah Tbk serta menganalisa adanya financial distress untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya potensi kebangkrutan. Metode yang dipakai adalah dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan data Laporan Keuangan BCA Syariah 2020 serta laporan self-assessment GCG Tahun 2016-2020 yang telah dipublikasikan. Teknik analisa data mengguanakan metode RGEC yang menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan bahwa kondisi kesehatan BCA Syariah berada pada kondisi sehat. Namun, BCA Syariah perlu memperhatikan pemaksimalan laba bersih setiap tahunnya serta meningkatkan kinerja keuangan lebih maksimal, karena nilai ROE menunjukkan angka yang rendah dari tahun ke tahun. Sedangkan pada potensi financial distress pada tahun 2016-2020 menggunakan metode Springate menghasilkan angka diatas 1,062 dan ketika diuji menggunakan metode Grover menghasilkan hasil lebih dari -0,02. Pada kedua perhitungan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa BCA Syariah tidak memiliki potensi kebangkrutan.
Abstrak
Permasalahan dalam artikel ini yaitu mengkaji bagaimana pandemi Covid-19 dapat berpengaruh terhadap kondisi ketahanan ekonomi keluarga para petani. Maka dari itu dalam artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap ketahanan ekonomi keluarga pada petani Kopi Malabar di Desa Margamulya Kecamatan Pengalengan Kabupaten Bandung. Perkembangan ekspor kopi yang menunjukan bahwa bisnis kopi masih diminati oleh penduduk lokal dan dunia. Perkembangan ekspor kopi Indonesia pada tahun 2021 sebesar 380,17 ribu ton. Kemudian dari Provinsi Jawa Barat. Sejak 2014 perolehan nilai ekspor mencapai 40 juta dolar dan berpotensi lebih besar. Kopi Malabar ini ternyata menjadi kopi andalan di Jawa Barat, dimana Kopi Malabar masuk 10 besar di Indonesia, namun meski kopi Malabar menghasilkan kopi terbaik, sayangnya para petani Kopi Malabar ini masih merasa kesulitan. Berdasarkan permasalahan pandemi Covid-19 pada ketahanan ekonomi keluarga petani Kopi Malabar apakah berdampak atau sebaliknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan verifikatif, populasi dan sampel sebanyak 30 responden yaitu petani Kopi Malabar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dijelaskan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dan dampak negatif terhadap ketahanan ekonomi pada masa pandemi Covid-19.
Kata Kunci: Ketahanan Ekonomi Keluarga; Dampak Covid-19
Abstract
The problem in this article is to examine how the Covid-19 pandemic can affect the economic resilience of farmers' families. Therefore,This article aims to identify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on family economic resilience on Malabar Coffee farmers in Margamulya Village, Pengalengan District, Bandung Regency. The development of coffee exports indicates that the coffee business is still in demand by local residents and the world. The development of coffee exports in Indonesia in 2021 is 380.17 thousand tons. Then from the province of West Java. Since 2014 the export value gain has reached 40 million dollars and has the potential to be greater. This Malabar Coffee has turned out to be the mainstay of coffee in West Java, where Malabar Coffee is in the top 10 in Indonesia, but even though Malabar Coffee produces the best coffee, unfortunately, this Malabar Coffee farmer finds it difficult. Based on the problems with the Covid-19 pandemic, the economic resilience of the families of Malabar Coffee farmers was able to survive or vice versa. This study uses quantitative methods with descriptive and verification approaches, the population and sample are 30 respondents, namely Malabar Coffee farmers. Based on the results of the study, it was explained that there were differences and had a negative impact on family economic resilience before and after Covid-19.
Keywords: family Economic Resilience; impact of Covid-19
The study of this article intends to study the performances in sustainable rural development in Romania with focus on the main fields in the rural sector, between 2014-2018. Using the econometric tool, we prove the dynamics of sustainable rural development on economic growth in Romania, so as to subsequently demonstrate which are the most effective strategies meant to stimulate the development of this sector. Therefore, sustainable rural development is the motion with the purpose to progress and endow the region, without achieving urban expansion, while preserving the traditional specificity of rural culture. The progress of this sector is a significant component in the modernization of the state economy, contributing to its proper functioning based on the market economy principles. This process contributes to increasing the level of agri-food production, the complex improvement of the national economy, as well as to the sustainable growth of the regions or the resolution of social dilemmas.
The degree of competition in the banking industry can be observed and measured by two approaches, structural and nonstructural. Based on these two approaches, there are various indicators, which are different factors and methods. This paper aims to provide calculations, determine a good indicator, and assess the competitive environment of the Thai banking industry. Specifically, there are four indicators—concentration ratio, Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Lerner Index, and Panzar–Rosse H statistic—which are widely used to examine the efficiency and effectiveness of policies in the banking industry. The findings indicate that the Lerner Index, calculated by stochastic frontier analysis, is the most reliable indicator of the banking competition environment in Thailand. It has a range of 0.36 to 0.60 and an average value of 0.40. Furthermore, during the period of study, the degree of Thai banking competition had a tendency to increase over time, which reflects an increase in allocative efficiency of resources in the banking industry. This is in accordance with the Financial Sector Master Plan of the country. However, this result probably leads to instability of the financial system. Therefore, policy-makers should carefully regulate competition policy by considering the systematic risk of the banking system at the same time.
El estudio aplica técnicas de análisis geoespacial para identificar zonas que concentran competencias profesionales en áreas clave para apoyar la transformación productiva hacia sectores de mayor sofisticación tecnológica en un país en desarrollo como Costa Rica. Se evidencian cinco conglomerados en la Gran Área Metropolitana, que aglutinan el 76,8% de los profesionales formados durante el periodo 2000-2017 en áreas científico-tecnológicas más afines a los sectores productivos. Fuera de la región central, se encuentran cinco conglomerados con capacidades más modestas. Un segundo análisis enfocado en el talento con competencias en tecnologías digitales reproduce con escasas variantes el resultado anterior. Este patrón de distribución obstaculiza un cambio más generalizado en la matriz productiva, tanto por su elevada concentración geográfica en el centro del país, como por el perfil académico en que prevalece el nivel más bajo de cualificación. Ese perfil restringe las oportunidades de una innovación más disruptiva en tecnologías requeridas para desplazar la producción hacia actividades productivas de mayor valor.
The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of life and non-life insurance on economic growth in Iran. To this end, the smooth transition regression (STR) model was used by gathering data on life and non-life insurance penetration, active population and gross fixed capital formation during 1947-2014. The results confirmed the non-linear effects of life and non-life insurance penetration rates on economic growth in Iran. Also, the logistic transfer function with two regime changes (LSTR2) was identified for both variables, and the life insurance penetration rate was selected as the appropriate transition variable. Thus, the regime has changed twice in the Iranian insurance industry. At %1 level of significance, the effectiveness of life insurance penetration rate in linear and non-linear parts of the model was -0.13 and -0.39, respectively. In addition, the effectiveness of non-life insurance penetration rate in the linear part of the model was 0.08 at %10 level of significance, while its effectiveness in the non-linear part was 0.52 in %1 level of significance. Since 2009, when the second regime change occurred for the total insurance industry, the negative effectiveness of life insurance penetration rate and positive effectiveness of non-life insurance penetration rate have been decreasing 3 times and 6 times, respectively. Therefore, the planning of the Iranian insurance industry is improving towards the global average performance, which means the increasing demand for life insurance. In addition, at %1 level of significance, the linear effectiveness of active population and gross fixed capital formation are estimated 1.02 and 0.24, respectively.
The issue of inter-regional development imbalances and fiscal disparities into the current fiscal decentralization
issues. The toughest challenge in building fiscal decentralization not only gives funds to local governments, but
creating impact of improving the quality of public services and economic growth. Transfer to the area has
increased every year. However, this increase has not been maximized to reduce poverty, equitable distribution of
infrastructure, fiscal gap, and competitive regional economy.
Research funds for fiscal decentralization in some countries have done long before the implementation of
regional autonomy. The result will vary according to the characteristics of the area in the country. In addition to
a variety of research results, the implementation of regional transfers caused disagreement. Indonesia has a
diversity of characteristics and distribution of a wide area. An interesting question is whether the increase in
transfers to the regions to encourage regional development through capital expenditure area.
The study uses a quantitative approach that is explanatory research with two research data is local government
that receives DID for three consecutive years and areas that do not pay attention DID streak. Regression analysis
involves five independent variables, transfer funds DAU, DAK, DBH, DID, BOS seta dependent variable is the
area of capital expenditure. The research data come from reports on realization of the budget and Transfer To
The Financial Statements year period 2012-2014.
The first test results prove DAU, DAK, DBH, and DID have a significant effect on capital spending area with
probability signifkansi each less than 0.05. These results are in line with the theory of fiscal federalism. BOS
whereas no significant effect on capital spending area with p-value of 0.379. BOS as the provision of basic
education aid has not been able to provide flexibility to the budget to increase the use of capital expenditure. The
results of the second test with the data local governments do not pay attention DID streak gives similarity with the
results of the first test except variable DID no significant effect on capital spending. All variables simultaneously
affect the area of capital expenditure.
O objetivo do artigo é traçar o perfil dos ocupados no mercado de trabalho paranaense no período de 2003 a 2012 a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). Os resultados evidenciaram que o mercado de trabalho no Paraná é predominantemente ocupado por indivíduos do gênero masculino, pertencentes ao mercado formal e de cor da pele branca. A participação das mulheres, pessoas não jovens e indivíduos qualificados entre os ocupados foi ampliada. Indivíduos qualificados exercem usualmente atividades em setores relacionados às ciências e artes, enquanto os não qualificados trabalham naquelas relacionadas à produção ou ao setor de serviços.
Economic growth, development, planning, Economics as a science