Hasil untuk "Anthropology"

J. de Pina-Cabral

This paper is the second of a two-part essay that aims to examine anthropologically the category “world.” The first part argued in favor of a single-world approach and for the unavoidable centrality of personhood in the human condition. In this second part of the essay, I address the metaphysical implications of the category “world” and relate them to the process of “worlding,” thus defending the continued heuristic value of the old anthropological category of worldview. I suggest that a consideration of the Ontological Proof of God’s existence, developed by St. Anselm of Canterbury in the late eleventh century, helps us develop a comparative theory of personhood by showing how the experience of transcendence is inherent in personal ontogenesis.

S. Kirksey, S. Helmreich

Anthropologists have been committed, at least since Franz Boas, to investigating relationships between nature and culture. At the dawn of the 21st century, this enduring interest was inflected with some new twists. An emergent cohort of “multispecies ethnographers” began to place a fresh emphasis on the subjectivity and agency of organisms whose lives are entangled with humans. Multispecies ethnography emerged at the intersection of three interdisciplinary strands of inquiry: environmental studies, science and technology studies (STS), and animal studies. Departing from classically ethnobiological subjects, useful plants and charismatic animals, multispecies ethnographers also brought understudied organisms—such as insects, fungi, and microbes—into anthropological conversations. Anthropologists gathered together at the Multispecies Salon, an art exhibit, where the boundaries of an emerging interdiscipline were probed amidst a collection of living organisms, artifacts from the biological sciences, and surprising biopolitical interventions.

Akhil Gupta, James Ferguson

For a subject whose central rite of passage is fieldwork, whose romance has rested on its exploration of the remote ("the most other of others" [Hannerz 1986:363]), whose critical function is seen to lie in its juxtaposition of radically different ways of being (located "elsewhere") with that of the anthropologists' own, usually Western, culture, there has been surprisingly little self-consciousness about the issue of space in anthropological theory. (Some notable exceptions are Appadurai [1986, 1988], Hannerz [1987], and Rosaldo [1988, 1989].) This collection of five ethnographic articles represents a modest attempt to deal with the issues of space and place, along with some necessarily related concerns such as those of location, displacement, community, and identity. In particular, we wish to explore how the renewed interest in theorizing space in postmodernist and feminist theory (Anzaldua 1987; Baudrillard 1988; Deleuze and Guattari 1987; Foucault 1982; Jameson 1984; Kaplan 1987; Martin and Mohanty 1986)-embodied in such notions as surveillance, panopticism, simulacra, deterritorialization, postmodern hyperspace, borderlands, and marginality-forces us to reevaluate such central analytic concepts in anthropology as that of "culture" and, by extension, the idea of "cultural difference."

J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles et al.

Elizabeth A. Povinelli, G. Steinmetz, Julia Adams et al.

T. Eriksen

L. Abu-Lughod

Liisa H. Malkki

D. Graeber

T. Sarbin

A. Smedley, Brian D. Smedley

D. Fetterman

Richard R. Valencia

C. Strauss, Naomi Quinn

M. Douglas

G. Rousseau

Inevitably, reading is one of the requirements to be undergone. To improve the performance and quality, someone needs to have something new every day. It will suggest you to have more inspirations, then. However, the needs of inspirations will make you searching for some sources. Even from the other people experience, internet, and many books. Books and internet are the recommended media to help you improving your quality and performance.

D. Graeber

James Laidlaw

Stephen J. Collier, Aihwa Ong

Mona Kaamoush, Mohi El-Sayeh, Mohamed Y. Omar

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected global society, influencing public health, economies, and the environment. This study examines the environmental impact of the pandemic on Alexandria Port, a key maritime hub in Egypt. By analyzing Automatic Identification System (AIS) data from the port area and multi-temporal satellite imagery from the Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5p) satellite, the study investigates the changes in shipping activities and pollution emissions from 2018 to 2022. The aim was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 preventive measures on air quality in the vicinity of Alexandria Port, using satellite data provided by the European Space Agency’s geospatial processing engine. The study focused on several air quality parameters, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), ozone (O₃), and aerosol properties such as Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI). The results revealed varying degrees of reduction in air pollutants during the COVID-19 lockdown, with each pollutant showing a distinct change in levels. Specifically, the AAI and AOD reached their lowest mean values in 2020, recording -1.2 and 214 mol/m2, respectively, which represents a significant reduction. Likewise, NO₂ and SO₂ concentrations dropped to their lowest mean values of 0.000048 and 0.000125 mol/m2 during the lockdown period, reflecting a decrease of approximately 30% compared to pre-lockdown levels in 2018–2019. Notably, CO and O₃ levels showed considerable reductions as well, with CO decreasing to 0.015 mol/m2 and O₃ reaching 0.125 mol/m2, both of which represented decreases of around 10% and 15%, respectively, compared to their 2019 levels. However, following the resumption of full-capacity maritime operations at Alexandria Port, pollution levels returned to pre-lockdown values, indicating that the environmental benefits of the lockdown were short-term. The study concludes that the COVID-19 lockdown had a positive short-term impact on air quality, particularly in reducing harmful pollutants like NO₂, SO₂, and aerosols. However, these improvements were transient, with pollution levels rebounding to pre-lockdown levels once maritime activities resumed. This highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and enforcement of environmental regulations to ensure long-term improvements in air quality. Effective pollution management strategies must be implemented to sustain the environmental gains observed during the pandemic lockdown.