The political demand that all results of university research be available through Open Access was a strategic decision that stakeholders have been required to embrace. However, Open Access is cost-free only for consumers, not for producers. Authors now need to not only produce excellent content but also secure financial support.Specific interest groups, in the interest of fair access to quality-assured publication, are establishing their own Open Access publication opportunities. This article sketches the emergence of the Open Access concept, its impact on the pressure to publish and career planning for young scholars, and the effort required to operate an Open Access journal (using the Journal of Religion, Film and Media as an example), focusing in particular on the workload associated with publishing one year’s output and the input/output relationship under current academic conditions.
Sohaib Ahmed, Muhammad Zeeshan, David Parsons
et al.
This article brings together the concepts of emerging technologies, game-based learning (GBL), and inquiry learning to conduct a research study undertaken in a maritime science museum. Over the last decade, the potential benefits of emerging technologies have enabled game-based inquiry activities in formal and informal pedagogical contexts. The use of ontologies has also grown significantly in representing learning content. In the science museum literature, there are a few applications found wherein ontologies are used for generating adaptive learning content. However, no study has been found in the literature that targets GBL for museum inquiry activities through emerging technologies using an ontology-driven approach. This paper outlines the results and analyses of research conducted on an ontology-driven GBL inquiry application, MUSEON. For evaluation purposes, the M3 evaluation framework was used and tested with 86 random visitors to explore visitors’ perspectives regarding the effectiveness of MUSEON. The results were encouraging as 71.6% of visitors were satisfied with their learning experiences in a game-based environment. Further, the experimental group performed well (74.6% score) in comparison with the control group (56.4% score) during inquiry learning activities about the maritime science museum exhibits.
I present a review of the Dirac equation in general relativity. Although the generalization of the Dirac equation to a curved spacetime is well known, it is not usually part of the standard toolkit of techniques known to people working on classical general relativity. Recently, there has been some renewed interest in studying solutions of the Einstein--Dirac system of equations, particularly in the context of the so-called ``Dirac stars''. Motivated by this, here I present a review of the Dirac equation in general relativity, starting from Minkowski spacetime, and then considering the Lorentz group and the tetrad formalism in order to generalize this equation to the case of a curved spacetime. I also derive the form of the Dirac equation and its associated stress--energy tensor for the case of the 3+1 formalism of general relativity, which can be useful for the study of the evolution of the Dirac field in a dynamical spacetime.
Critical and pancritical rationalism were mainly debated in the second half of the XXth century, however a new important paper on pancritical rationalism has been published recently, and hence a critical commentary of this recent publication is required, one is offered here.
Based on the recently proposed framework of general relativistic stochastic mechanics [{\em J. Stat. Phys.}, 190:193, 2023; {\em J. Stat. Phys.}, 190:181, 2023] and stochastic thermodynamics [{\em SciPost Physics Core} 7, 082, 2024] at the ensemble level, this work focuses on general relativistic stochastic thermodynamics at the trajectory level. The first law of stochastic thermodynamics is reformulated and the fluctuation theorems are proved on this level, with emphasis on maintaining fully general covariance and on the choice of observers.
My aim is to reconstruct the basic steps and the fundamental idea of Kant’s transcendental deduction of categories as well as Hegel’s interpretation and reframing of Kant’s idea. Hegel’s reading is crucial for two reasons: first, for fixing the basic form of the Kantian argument and secondly, for understanding its metaphilosophical relevance. For Hegel, philosophical proof has a specific nature, which distinguishes it from scientific proof and brings it closer to a juridical one. In this perspective the transcendental deduction, which is universally considered one of the most difficult chapters in the history of philosophy, reveals itself as the genuine clarification of specifically philosophical proof. I first present the idea of Kant’s transcendental deduction in the Critique of Pure Reason as well as its Hegelian reading in the Science of Logic and reformulation as the very method of philosophy in the Philosophy of Right. I show what in the Kantian argumentation constituted the basis for Hegel’s own interpretation and transformation. In so doing, I highlight a ‘red thread’ between the two ideas of the transcendental deduction. I conclude by proposing a formal account of Kant’s and Hegel’s ideas and by summing up the main metaphilosophical insights we can gain from Kant’s idea and its Hegelian interpretation.
Simple Summary The production of food from animals poses many ethical challenges. This review explores what we know about different levels of concern for animal welfare in food production by such stakeholders as veterinarians, farmers, and the general public. Despite the general public’s level of concern for animal welfare in food production being high, their understanding and knowledge is poor. Thus, it is suggested that through widespread consciousness raising we can encourage the public to accurately translate their concerns into market drivers, in turn improving the welfare of billions of animals. Abstract Population growth and rising consumption of meat, dairy, eggs and fish are forcing the world to face the intersecting challenges of how to sustainably feed a population expected to exceed 9 billion by 2050, while also controlling the impact of food production on the planet, on people and on animals. This review acknowledges the absence of a globally accepted definition of animal welfare and then explores the literature regarding different levels of concern for animal welfare in food production by such stakeholders as veterinarians, farmers, and the general public. It focuses on the evidence that the general public’s level of concern for animal welfare is linked to various demographic and personal characteristics, such as age, gender, religion, location, meat eating, and knowledge of animal welfare. Certain animals have characteristics that influence concern for their welfare, with those species that are considered more intelligent being afforded more concern. There is compelling evidence that the general public’s understanding of animal welfare in food production is poor. Acknowledging that public concern can be a driving force to change current production methods, the authors suggest widespread consciousness raising to redefine socially acceptable methods of food production from animals and to ensure that it remains in step with societal concerns.
Salah satu diantara nilai pendidikan Islam yang universal adalah menubuhkan perilaku manusia eksistensi lingkungan yang ramah belajar khususnya di kampus, melalui upaya menjaga dan memelihara lingkungan bebas dari sampah plasik, salah satunya melalui mendesain nilai profetik pada “lingkungan fisik” dan “lingkungan sosial” yang ada di kampus, kedua unsur lingkungan tersebut merupakan satu kesatuan yang harus didesain agar ramah untuk belajar.
Menubuhkan perilaku individu dan kelompok menjaga lingkungan yang ramah bebas plastik masih sedikit yang membahas, khususnya dari sudut pandang keagamaan, sedangkan yang ada kebanyakan meninjau dari sudut pandang keterampilan motorik mengelola plasstik.
Penelitian ini mengungkap perilaku sivitas akademika fakultas tarbiyah lingkungan bebas plastic, menggunakan ancangan desain partisipatoris pendampingan membangun program yang bersumber dari potensi sumberdaya manusia dan sumberdaya lainnya di lingkungan fakultas sehingga membntuk perilaku sivitas akademika memiliki “nir sadar”terhadap lingkungan fisik dan sosial di fakultas tarbiyah IAIN Madura.
Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu: a) menubuhkan kesadaran perilaku sivitas akademika fakultas tarbiyah IAIN Madura melalui; program tarbiyah berseri terintegrasi pemeliharaan lingkungan zero plastik, melakukan habituasi zero plastik oleh pimpinan kepada sicitas akademika di tarbiyah, penyiapan sarana sampah yang cukup, b) Implementasi penataan lingkungan zero plastik di fakultas tarbiyah IAIN Madura dengan pendampingan keterampilan mengolah sampah dan bahan plastik, penyiapan regulasi untuk mengurangi dan menggati bahan plastik, memasukkan nilai zero plastic dalam kurikulum pembelajaran
Saran yang diberikan adalah a) kepada pimpinan fakultas hendaknya pendampingan kearah perubahan perilaku sadar bebas dari bahan dan sampah plastic dilakukan secara serius dan berkelanjutan, b) kepada sivitas akademika fakultas tarbiyah IAIN Madura mendukung usaha nir sadar agar menjaga lingkungan terbebas dari bahan dan sampah plastik.
In Riemannian geometry, the Ricci flow is the analogue of heat diffusion; a deformation of the metric tensor driven by its Ricci curvature. As a step towards resolving the problem of time in quantum gravity, we attempt to merge the Ricci flow equation with the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for general relativity.
Kristin M. Collier, Cornelius A. James, Sanjay Saint
et al.
AbstractBurnout in medicine is a substantial problem with adverse consequences for both physicians and the patients who they treat. In our efforts to combat burnout, we must consider every tool at our disposal, since a complex problem requires a multifaceted approach. Recognizing that many physicians derive meaning from spirituality and religion, attempts to improve physician and trainee wellness should acknowledge the importance of religion and spirituality for self-care more than has heretofore been the case.
The problem of interethnic conflicts is currently one of the topics attracting the attention of researchers of
various specialties – culturologists, anthropologists, historians, social psychologists and others. The purpose
and main task of this study is to analyze from a philosophical point of view the dialectics of the natural and the
social in ethnic relations and its manifestation in interethnic conflicts. Accordingly, the article uses dialectical and
comparative approaches. The theoretical basis of the study is the author’s concept of the relationship between
natural and social in society and a man, which made it possible to identify the structure of ethnic relations according to this criterion, to determine the differences between social-group and natural-group relations. Intragroup
and intergroup relations, in which natural components prevail over social ones are designated by the concept of
“natural-group relations” (NGR) introduced in the author’s methodology. The specific results of the research and the novelty are the discovery of the specificity of the manifestation of the patterns of natural group relations and
the role of suggestion in interethnic conflicts. It is proved that the concept of “group centrism” is not enough for
the analysis of groups, since it describes mainly the assessment of one’s group and its values, and the concept
of “regularities of natural group relations” denotes the hierarchical structure of a group, mechanisms of forced
identification (including by methods of education) and self-identification, intragroup and intergroup relationships,
reasons for conformism, etc. The article proves that the symptoms of grouping thinking, which were identified by
I. L. Janis in small closed groups, and which are a kind of (NGR) patterns, are manifested with some variations
in large groups. It is concluded that authors studying group relations do not pay enough attention to the natural
prerequisites for the formation of groups and grouping of thinking, the fact that, due to the need for survival, the
desire to unite into groups, to form and protect the uniformity of thinking is inherent in our genetic programs and is
supported by suggestion. he further part of the article is devoted to the analysis of two interethnic conflicts based
on the developed methodology ‒ the Arab-Israeli and Uzbek-Kyrgyz and the forecast, as well as the possibility
of overcoming them.
For the first time, a general fractional calculus of arbitrary order was proposed by Yuri Luchko in the works Mathematics 9(6) (2021) 594 and Symmetry 13(5) (2021) 755. In these works, the proposed approaches to formulate this calculus are based either on the power of one Sonine kernel, or the convolution of one Sonine kernel with the kernels of the integer-order integrals. To apply general fractional calculus, it is useful to have a wider range of operators, for example, by using the Laplace convolution of different types of kernels. In this paper, an extended formulation of the general fractional calculus of arbitrary order is proposed. Extension is achieved by using different types (subsets) of pairs of operator kernels in definitions general fractional integrals and derivatives. For this, the definition of the Luchko pair of kernels is somewhat broadened, which leads to the symmetry of the definition of the Luchko pair. The proposed set of kernel pairs are subsets of the Luchko set of kernel pairs. The fundamental theorems for the proposed general fractional derivatives and integrals are proved.
We introduce the use of conditional generative adversarial networks forgeneralised gravitational wave burst generation in the time domain.Generativeadversarial networks are generative machine learning models that produce new databased on the features of the training data set. We condition the network on fiveclasses of time-series signals that are often used to characterise gravitational waveburst searches: sine-Gaussian, ringdown, white noise burst, Gaussian pulse and binaryblack hole merger. We show that the model can replicate the features of these standardsignal classes and, in addition, produce generalised burst signals through interpolationand class mixing. We also present an example application where a convolutional neuralnetwork classifier is trained on burst signals generated by our conditional generativeadversarial network. We show that a convolutional neural network classifier trainedonly on the standard five signal classes has a poorer detection efficiency than aconvolutional neural network classifier trained on a population of generalised burstsignals drawn from the combined signal class space.
Osvaldo L. Santos-Pereira, Everton M. C. Abreu, Marcelo B. Ribeiro
The Alcubierre warp drive metric is a spacetime construction where a massive particle located inside a spacetime distortion, called warp bubble, travels at velocities arbitrarily higher than the velocity of light. This theoretically constructed spacetime geometry is a consequence of general relativity where global superluminal velocities, also known as warp speeds, are possible, whereas local speeds are limited to subluminal ones as required by special relativity. In this work we analyze the solutions of the Einstein equations having charged dust energy-momentum tensor as source for warp velocities. The Einstein equations with the cosmological constant are written and all solutions having energy-momentum tensor components for electromagnetic fields generated by charged dust are presented, as well as the respective energy conditions. The results show an interplay between the energy conditions and the electromagnetic field such that in some cases the former can be satisfied by both positive and negative matter density. In other cases the dominant and null energy conditions are violated. A result connecting the electric energy density with the cosmological constant is also presented, as well as the effects of the electromagnetic field on the bubble dynamics.
The criteria for a learner’s understanding the words of a language include acting appropriately. In the case of Anscombean modals (e.g., ‘You have to φ’), these actions include whatever is specified in the modal statement (e.g., φ-ing). Teaching language means instilling not just abilities, but inclinations, to do certain things. With non-learners there is a default presumption of linguistic competence, and this explains how an adult can be said to understand ‘You have to φ’ while being generally disinclined to respond appropriately, i.e., by φ-ing. (Dishonesty.) It’s possible for it to become normal for the members of some societal group to fail to respond appropriately to modal statements; such a situation may be one of conceptual and practical confusion, with the sort of corresponding bad faith alleged by Anscombe in connection with the ‘moral ought’. Since understanding modal statements is manifested in forms of voluntary action, the internalist view that one only has reason to obey a rule if doing so is conducive to the satisfaction of one’s desires turns out to be incoherent.
Abstract[English]:Â
This paper describes the mediation of religion as seen in the important role of the As'adiyah pesantren. This paper used descriptive research method (descriptive research) obtained from the results of qualitative data processing through library data collection (library research), with an interdisciplinary approach method. The analysis was using a critical analytical method with descriptive aspects, namely content analysis using deductive, inductive and comparative analysis techniques on a number of theories, especially in producing scholarship and cadre of scholars in Southeast Asia in the 20th century in Bugis cultural and contextual setting. -Makassar South Sulawesi. This papere explains that in the 20th century there has been an intellectual dynamic that culminated in the formation of the Bugis ulama network of the 20th century. This intellectual network of scholars has a link with the source of scientific authority in Makkah-Medinah which was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The scientific link between Bugis scholars, especially Gurutta HM As'ad (1907) with K.H. Hasyim Asyari (1871), Anwar Musaddad (Garut, 1903), Zain Mun'im (Probolinggo, 1906), Zainuddin Abdul Madjid (Sumbawa, 1908), Ali Maksum (Rembang, 1915). This proves that Gurutta H.M. As'ad was one of the links of the archipelago scientific network which contributed to the birth of 20th century Muslim intellectuals in the Bugis-Makassar Land of South Sulawesi.
Abstrak[Indonesia]:Â
Paper ini menjelaskan tentang mediatisasi agama sebagaimana tampak dalam peran penting pesantren As’adiyah. Paper ini menggunakan metode descriptive research (penelitian deskriptif) yang diperoleh dari hasil pengolahan data secara kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data secara kepustakaan (library research), dengan metode pendekatan antar disipliner. Sedang analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode analitis kritis dengan aspek deskripsi, yakni analisis isi (content analysis) dengan menggunakan tehnik analisis deduktif, induktif dan komparatif terhadap sejumlah teori, Khususnya dalam memproduksi keilmuan dan pengkaderan ulama di Asia Tenggara abad ke 20 dalam latar budaya dan konteks Bugis-Makassar Sulawesi Selatan. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa pada abad 20 telah terjadi dinamika intelektual yang mengerucut pada terbentuk jaringan ulama Bugis abad ke 20. Jaringan intelektual ulama tersebut mempunyai mata rantai dengan sumber otoritas keilmuan di Makkah-Medinah yang terbentuk pada awal abad ke 20. Network keilmuan inilah yang mempertemukan mata rantai keilmuan antara ulama Bugis, khususnya Gurutta H.M. As’ad (1907) dengan K.H. Hasyim Asyari (1871), Anwar Musaddad (Garut, 1903), Zain Mun’im (Probolinggo, 1906), Zainuddin Abdul Madjid (Sumbawa, 1908), Ali Maksum (Rembang, 1915). Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa Gurutta H.M. As’ad merupakan salah satu link jaringan keilmuan Nusantara yang turut melahirkan intelektual muslim abad ke 20 di Tanah Bugis-Makassar Sulawesi Selatan.Â