Hasil untuk "Regional economics. Space in economics"

Fifi Yusmita, Ahlul Aqdi

The three-day disruption of BSI Mobile due to a cyber-attack raised serious data security concerns, especially in Aceh, which relies heavily on Indonesia's largest Islamic banking system due to Qanun No. 11 on Islamic Financial Institutions. This study examines the effects of system quality, information quality, service quality, security, and price value on user satisfaction with mobile banking in Aceh, and its influence on continued usage intention. SEM-PLS analysis of 582 BSI customers and a review of 30 articles shows that service quality, security, and price value significantly enhance satisfaction, driving continued usage, while system and information quality do not.

بابک مرادی, سعید جبارزاده کنگرلویی, جمال بحری ثالث et al.

نقدشوندگی مفهومی است که به روشنی قابل تعریف نبوده و تاکنون بیش از 90 معیار مختلف در سراسر جهان برای نقدشوندگی بکار رفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارایه مدلی بومی برای نقدشوندگی روزانه سهام بر مبنای عوامل موثر بر نقدشوندگی، شکل گرفته است. مقادیر 7 عامل غیرسیستماتیک که قابلیت ارزیابی روزانه داشتند، براساس داده‌های 151 شرکت فعال در بازه زمانی 1388 لغایت 1400 استخراج و در قالب دو خوشه افراز شد. با استفاده از معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزیی، اعتبار متغیرهای شناسایی‌شده با معیار استخراجی ارزیابی و توان آنها در توضیح‌دهندگی تغییرات آن محاسبه شد. ارزیابی ارتباط متغیرها در مدل‌های یادگیری‌ماشینی نشان داد که قیمت پایانی، ارزش روزانه معاملات، بازده روزانه، واریانس بازده‌های روزانه و اندازه شرکت بیشترین تاثیر را در خوشه‌بندی دارند. سرانجام بهترین مدل یادگیری ماشینی، براساس آموزش و آزمون انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد متغیرهای مستقل، بیش از 83 درصد از تغییرات نقدشوندگی را توضیح می‌دهند. همچنین مدل رگرسیون لجستیک در مقایسه با سایر مدل‌های یادگیری ماشینی، توان پیش‌بینی بالاتری داشته و با 6/99 درصد صحت برازش، مناسب‌ترین مدل پیش‌بینی نقدشوندگی است.

Galina A. Khmeleva , Svetlana S. Asanova

The sudden and severe outbreak of Covid-19 has both challenged the world economy and created new opportunities to address the problem of domestic production, integration and export growth in Russia. The study aims to identify the characteristics of medical exports and assess the integration of individual Russian regions in the context of a pandemic. To this end, we analyse the volume and geography of medical devices exports in 40 Russian regions exporting  to prevent the spread of new coronavirus infections. Characteristics of medical exports and sectoral integration in conditions of pandemic risks were identified. Exports of Covid-19 medical devices are highly concentrated in a small number of Russian regions. The development of export-oriented medical devices accelerated due to the intensification of existing production capacities as well as the involvement of related sectors in the value chain. Additionally, non-economic factors (threats to life and health of nations) are becoming increasingly important in international trade in the short term.  The research highlights the high adaptation of Russian local producers to the needs of the world and domestic economy. Moreover, an increase in exports simultaneously allowed Russia to satisfy the domestic demand for medical devices for preventing and controlling the spread of coronavirus. The sector development requires the strengthening of export support institutions both in the major regions exporting Covid-19 medical devices and in the regions where this industry is still in its infancy but has already shown steady growth. Future research can focus on studying export trends of medical devices in the face of viral risks, as well as expanding the context to include strategies for the integration of Russian regions into global economic relations, considering sectoral specificities and the geostrategic situation.

Hugo A. Rossi

Este artículo analiza el subsidio denominado Fondo Tecnológico del Tabaco (FTT) que el ministro Krieger Vasena creó durante su gestión en el gobierno de Juan Carlos Onganía y que se aplicó al precio del tabaco. Mi planteamiento es que el FTT fue uno de los factores importantes para que las empresas tabacaleras del exterior ingresaran en la economía argentina sin la necesidad de incurrir en grandes gastos, ya que parte de la compra de su principal insumo estuvo a cargo del Estado nacional. Al mismo tiempo, la implementación de este subsidio por parte del gobierno militar resolvió a las compañías extranjeras el problema de la demanda de tabaco claro, al otorgarles estabilidad en la oferta por parte de los productores rurales. Se estudiará la estructura de funcionamiento del FTT y se indagará en los cambios que introdujo en el mercado tabacalero argentino.

Damián Andrés Bil

En este artículo se analiza el esquema de protección efectiva para los sectores de autopartes y terminales automotrices en la etapa de su consolidación y posterior crisis (1965-1983). Inicialmente se propuso estudiar la forma de intervención del Estado para sostener la acumulación, sin embargo, la investigación abrió líneas complementarias de estudio, a saber: la relación económica entre autopartistas y terminales y las condiciones que permitían sostener la producción local de piezas o la importación de las mismas. Así, se analiza un aspecto de la intervención estatal en la industria y se aportan elementos para evaluar la performance del sector en su competitividad y las relaciones dentro de la cadena de valor.

Víctor Espinoza Hernández

Karczewska Anna, Skolik Sebastian, Kukowska Katarzyna

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the research study is to identify objects which can potentially create the attractiveness of the region and to analyze the network of hypertext links between selected entities in the tourism industry.

Syajarul Imna Mohd Amin, Aisyah Abdul-Rahman, Hawati Janor et al.

The finance-growth nexus is gaining credence among researchers. Growing research interest in developing evidences for different economic sectors has ignited this study to examine the topic in agricultural sector for Malaysia. The analysis focuses on palm oil industry using data for the period 1981 to 2017 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL-bounds) approach. Financial development measures financial depth, accessibility, efficiency, and stability. Other variables include production factors such as land, labour and capital. Findings/Originality: The findings show that the depth of financial market has positive impact on palm oil industry performance both in the short run and long run, though the depth of the financial institutions only take effect in the long run. Meanwhile the financial accessibility, efficiency and stability have no significant effect on the productivity of the industry. It implies that the equity market development is more relevant to affect the palm oil industry compared to credit market development.

I. I. Tubolec, O. Tkalich

The article deals with one of the components of globalization - the globalization of financial markets. The article considers financial markets, which are the component of globalization. The study investigates the international financial institutions that together form the international financial infrastructure and the main subjects of financial globalization. The study investigates the international financial institutions, which collectively form the international financial infrastructure and main subjects of financial globalization. The segments of the global financial market, which include the global debt market, the global stock market, other global financial markets (precious metals, real estate insurance), the global currency market, are considered. The article considers the segments of the global financial market, such as the global debt market, the global stock market, the global currency market and other global financial markets (precious metals, real estate insurance etc.). The article presents the prospects of global financial markets, such as high world standards, higher level of diversification, higher liquidity and professional risk management. It is established that the basis of the globalization of the financial system lies in the interaction of such phenomena as: technological progress; growing competition: on the one hand, between lending and financial institutions in the financial markets, and on the other hand, between the financial markets themselves, due to the significant development of information technology and telecommunications; restructuring of credit and financial; wide internationalization of business due to the increasing transnational nature of corporations; consolidation of regional integration associations (in Europe - Economic and Monetary Union); weakening of the firm control over the implementation of international agreements related to the movement of capital stock exchanges; - macroeconomic stabilization and reform in a number of developing and transition countries that have created a favorable climate for foreign investors; widespread use of the "principle of the lever". We investigated that the integration of international capital markets, merger of financial institutions, the tendency to increase speculative operations in the financial markets and financial crises are the global trends in the development of international financial markets in the requisition of globalization. It is proved that the, the emergence of the global financial space is represented by an increase in international financial flows, volumes of all types of international transactions, an increase in the number of companies and financial groups that operate outside of the national financial systems.

Pisarek Marta, Lechowska Jadwiga, Czerniakowski Zbigniew W. et al.

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study was to evaluate activities of farms located in the Czarnorzecko-Strzyżowski Landscape Park according to the principles of sustainable development.

Król Karol, Halva Jozef

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the paper was to study traditional measures of efficiency of websites of agrotouristic farms from Poland and Slovakia. Materials and methods: It was assumed that basic measures of efficiency of a website of an agrotouristic farm are: a number of displays, mean time spent by a user in a website and also a mean number of pages which were browsed. 200 websites were analysed and their addresses were gained from online catalogues. The amounts of established measures were gained by means of SimilarWeb application. Results: In case of websites of agrotouristic farms from Poland, statistical data were available for 54 websites whereas for Slovak websites - there were 52 of them. There was by about 15.5% less number of views on the websites of Polish farms in contrast to Slovak ones, however there were Polish websites where users spent more time. In holiday months, tested websites had the highest viewer rating. Conclusions: Performed surveys brought a series of methodical questions. Gained statistics of websites’ usage do not tell much about differences in the Internet using rate in promotion of agrotouristic farms in Poland and Slovakia.

Vladimir Grigoryevich Loginov, Margarita Nikolaevna Ignatyeva, Valery Vasilyevich Balashenko

The Yamal region occupies the fifth part of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Therefore it is one of the territories where traditional natural resource management is mainly developing. Its key branches are reindeer herding and fisheries. The major problems in the development of industries are due to an active industrial and transport exploitation of the tundra zone; the situation in reindeer husbandry caused by pasture overgrazing because of uncontrolled increase in livestock; poaching fish. Two following anthropogenic factors have a negative impact on soil and vegetation in the Yamal region: reindeer herding as the main traditional form of natural resource management of Small Indigenous People of the North (SIPN) and the intensive industryrelated development of the territory (geological exploration, industry, transport, construction). Since grazing is practiced throughout the whole Yamal Peninsula, which is not occupied by industrial zones, it is the most widespread form of natural resource use and the leading factor of anthropogenic impact on Yamal’s natural territorial complexes. The primary reason for the decline in fish resources is the violation of the ecosystemic reproduction of fish resources due to their excessive catch. One of the main reasons of this is poaching. In turn, the annual increase of surplus catch is caused by the population growth, including SIPN, and the growing density of the road network providing the access to fishing grounds. The article offers the guidelines for economic damage assessment determined by the harm to the pasture resources. The authors justify the amount of compensation that repairs losses arising from their damage, which takes into account the decline in the productivity of land and the period of restoration of the economic and biological potential of pastures for the corresponding periods of years (compensation for economic damage). The economic damage assessment of the fish resources supposes taking into account the decline in their economic value. It involves the use of a refined population-biological approach while the detailed calculation. In addition, we give an example of the guidelines’ approbation.

Leonid Davidovich Gitelman , Mikhail Viktorovich Kozhevnikov

The increasing electrification of the transport infrastructure, residential and commercial sectors of a “smart city” induces structural changes in energy sector. This investigation will enhance our understanding of mechanisms to develop a regional power industry, which would serve intellectual technologies of future urban environment considering national features. The authors define electrification as the process of bringing the most advanced energy carrier — electricity — to the national economy. This process integrates the spheres of electric power consumption and electric power generation. The article identifies the features and key trends in a new electrification stage in «smart cities». The paper shows that the energy sector of such cities combines centralized and decentralized technological solutions. This requires a certain readjustment of the distribution and sales divisions of the regional electric power industry. In particular, modernization of low-voltage distribution networks, improvement of tariff policy, implementation of programs of energy demand management are needed. The authors reveal priority areas for electrification in smart cities. Firstly, these cities need to develop electric transport, electric cars and associated infrastructure. Secondly, the introduction of various control systems for residential appliances will make households smarter. We show the impact of electric cars on the electricity market and loads in a regional energy system. In particular, we analyse the foreign experience of electric cars integration into power network. As regards the electrification of smart homes, the authors outline the basic «energy» conditions for their design, and requirements to be met by regional contractors, producers of energy equipment, utilities and grid companies. We develop a system of technological and economic solutions for moving relevant projects to an active phase. These projects include controllable generation power equipments, energy saving equipments and storages, power plants structure optimizing, electrical grinds shortening. Moreover, the authors propose a variety of differentiated electricity tariffs that would encourage electrification in smart cities

Indah Susantun

Researchers of agricultural economics use much the Cobb-Douglas profit function as a one of quantitative methods. This article examines it to analyze economic efficiency in term of technical and price efficiency in the casa of fermented soybean cake industry as a member and non member of cooperative (KOPTI).

Alys Solly

This paper, prepared in conjunction with the European Union’s Open Days 2015, examines current Cohesion Policy in terms of its place-based logic, a key aspect of the new Smart Specialisation strategy platform. After discussing changing notions of urbanization and governance, which seem to be shifting Cohesion Policy towards a more performance-oriented analysis of its outcomes, the paper focuses on the question of identifying an appropriate set of indicators and measuring framework. It suggests that measurements of Cohesion Policy performance should analyse the outcomes and indicators, as well as the European and national data sources and statistics, through the lens of effectiveness and well-being.

É. Pires

O processo global de recomposicao espacial das acoes humanas coloca em foco novos temas e novas escalas de analise do territorio, como a local e a regional, que simultâneos a escala da uniao de paises em blocos, acabam por abrir possibilidades de estruturas de governanca multinivel, ou por impor redefinicoes de papeis aos Estados nacionais. O objetivo deste artigo e mostrar que a recomposicao das escalas dos fenomenos globais, regionais e locais definem recortes significativos para o papel do Estado e a governanca das politicas territoriais, enquanto crescem os desafios da cooperacao e da coordenacao entre organizacoes e instituicoes. Reiteramos aqui a pertinencia das contribuicoes da geografia politica e da economia politica, que analisam, cada qual a seu modo, como os fenomenos politicos e as formas institucionais se territorializam e recortam espacos significativos de governanca das relacoes sociais, dos seus interesses, compromissos, conflitos, controle, dominacao e poder. Abstract THE RECOMPOSITION OF THE SCALES OF GOVERNANCE, STATE AND TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT IN BRAZIL The global process of spatial rearrangement of human actions put in focus new themes and scales of analysis of the territory, such as local and regional, that simultaneous to the scale of the union of countries in blocks, result in opening possibilities for multilevel governance structures, or impose redefinition of the roles of the states. It is in this scenario, that the territory emerges as a source or strategy of political power and economic, of dispute of groups or social classes whom have different interests and often conflicting. In this sense, the theme on State and public intervention is important because it constitutes the scale of phenomena arising from the decisional institutional universe of the political territorially centralized, when growing the importance of the decentralization of state power. The aim of this paper is to show that the recomposition of the scales of global, regional and local phenomena define significant parts for the management of territorial policies, while grow the challenges of cooperation and coordination. Thus, we reiterate here the relevance of the contributions from political geography and institutionalist political economics, analyzing, each in its own way, as how political phenomena and institutional forms are territorialized and cut out significant spaces of governance of social relations, their interests, commitments, conflicts, control, domination and power.

Marcel Herbst

Voloshenko K., Kuznetsova A.

In this article the authors detail the methodology of regional development forecasting with the balance method. They provide with an overview and assessment of the existing models and systems, and their use for the purposes of public administration at the regional level. The article underlines the need to develop a balance approach models for specific territorial conditions. In particular, the authors identify the possibilities of studying the connections between the proportions of material and cash flows within the regional system, and reconciling the needs of a regional economy with the production and resource potentials. The long-term sustainability balance model – a simulation of event-based forecasting – has been developed for the Russian exclave. The authors provide a general description of the balance model, its elements and simulation algorithm. The results of calculations using the balance model for forecasting regional development are provided for three alternative scenarios for the Kaliningrad region for the period until 2018.

Margarita Davudovna Mironova, Anna Ilinichna Romanova, G. Zagidullina

Mieczysław Kowerski

In previous research on determinants of company dividend-policy, a much higher significance was given to micro-economic factors describing the economic and financial situation of companies rather than to macro-economic factors. However, there is no analysis of the impact of economic sentiment on the dividend policy of companies. Moreover, companies do not operate in ‘a vacuum’. The economic situation in a certain country and even the global economic situation and its perception by entrepreneurs has a tremendous impact on their activities and decisions. To verify the hypothesis about the impact of economic sentiment on dividend policies of the companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 1996–2009, logit pooled-regression models were applied. The dependent variable takes a value 1 if the company paid a cash dividend in year t and value 0 otherwise. As explanatory variables, we adopted the most common ones in this type of study, namely those describing the profitability, size, maturity, risk and investment opportunities as well as the dividend policy of the company in the year t – 1. Economic sentiment was measured using the Economic Sentiment Index, computed by the European Commission at monthly intervals. This allowed us to determine the period in which the changes in sentiment have the highest influence on dividend decisions. The estimated models allowed us to draw conclusions that apart from the economic and financial situation of a company in the year t – 1, dividend decisions made in year t are also affected by economic sentiment found in the Polish economy at the turn of the second quarter of year t. According to the Polish Code of Commercial Companies, it is understandable that the company should decide on the distribution of its profit within six months after the end of the business year. The research demonstrates, when making decisions, the boards of companies and shareholders take into account not only profits achieved in the previous year, but also the recent dividend and investment policy, and the current economic sentiment.