Hasil untuk "Production management. Operations management"

T. Maavara, Qiuwen Chen, K. V. Van Meter et al.

M. Bertolini, Davide Mezzogori, Mattia Neroni et al.

Abstract Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence that studies algorithms able to learn autonomously, directly from the input data. Over the last decade, ML techniques have made a huge leap forward, as demonstrated by Deep Learning (DL) algorithms implemented by autonomous driving cars, or by electronic strategy games. Hence, researchers have started to consider ML also for applications within the industrial field, and many works indicate ML as one the main enablers to evolve a traditional manufacturing system up to the Industry 4.0 level. Nonetheless, industrial applications are still few and limited to a small cluster of international companies. This paper deals with these topics, intending to clarify the real potentialities, as well as potential flaws, of ML algorithms applied to operation management. A comprehensive review is presented and organized in a way that should facilitate the orientation of practitioners in this field. To this aim, papers from 2000 to date are categorized in terms of the applied algorithm and application domain, and a keyword analysis is also performed, to details the most promising topics in the field. What emerges is a consistent upward trend in the number of publications, with a spike of interest for unsupervised and especially deep learning techniques, which recorded a very high number of publications in the last five years. Concerning trends, along with consolidated research areas, recent topics that are growing in popularity were also discovered. Among these, the main ones are production planning and control and defect analysis, thus suggesting that in the years to come ML will become pervasive in many fields of operation management.

R. B. Chase

D. Maister

M. Hartley

Jens Engel, Andrea Castellani, Patricia Wollstadt et al.

Abstract We present a large real-world dataset obtained from monitoring a smart company facility over the course of six years, from 2018 to 2023. The dataset includes energy consumption data from various facility areas and components, energy production data from a photovoltaic system and a combined heat and power plant, operational data from heating and cooling systems, and weather data from an on-site weather station. The measurement sensors installed throughout the facility are organized in a hierarchical metering structure with multiple sub-metering levels, which is reflected in the dataset. The dataset contains measurement data from 72 energy meters, 9 heat meters and a weather station. Both raw and processed data at different processing levels, including labeled issues, is available. In this paper, we describe the data acquisition and post-processing employed to create the dataset. The dataset enables the application of a wide range of methods in the domain of energy management, including optimization, modeling, and machine learning to optimize building operations and reduce costs and carbon emissions.

Weixin Shang, Albert Y. Ha, Shilu Tong

Ayca Aytac, Mustafa Sahin Dogan, M. Cihat Tuna

Climate change and global warming are expected to affect water resources management and planning, requiring adaptations to changing conditions. Therefore, it is very important, especially for decision-makers, to identify demand deficits due to less water availability with climate change that may occur in the existing water supply system in advance. FEHEM, a hydroeconomic optimization model of the integrated reservoir system of the Upper Euphrates Basin, which is the largest and main basin providing water flow to the Euphrates River, is developed. Using a 45-year historical hydrological dataset, water management and hydroelectric operations are evaluated with a linear programming model at monthly time steps. The effects of climate change on the Upper Euphrates Basin are evaluated under low and high carbon emission scenarios. According to the average of the different climate scenarios studied in the model, the average decrease in flows is 37.5%. With climate change, peak flows will occur about 1–2 months earlier on average. As a result of these hydrological changes, the total amount of energy production in the basin will decrease by about 54% and energy revenue by the same percentage. HIGHLIGHTS Two climate scenarios, one with high and the other with low emissions, were studied in the Upper Euphrates Basin. In both scenarios, there was a 37.5% reduction in flows on average.; Moreover, the production of 10 large storage hydroelectric power plants in the Upper Euphrates Basin will decrease by approximately 50% according to different climate scenarios.; The break in energy income in the basin caused by climate change was calculated.;

Askar asgarpour, Mohammad Hassan Cheraghali, Nada farahbakhsh

Abstract The purpose of this research is to design a model for measuring and valuing technical knowledge in the halal food industry. The present research is applicable in terms of purpose, and a mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) exploratory. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included 20 scientific experts and executive experts of the halal food industry, who were selected by non-probability judgmental and purposeful sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative part included 250 people from the food industry experts of Tehran province, among whom 152 people were selected using the Cochran formula and selected as the sample size by cluster random sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative part included a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the interviews was confirmed through retesting. And the content validity of the quantitative part of the questionnaire was also confirmed by the experts. In order to analyze the data of the qualitative part, the theme analysis method was used, and SPSS and PLS software were used for the quantitative part. The results showed that the measurement and valuation model of technical knowledge in the food industry consists of four main dimensions including: factors related to the company/organization, factors related to the extra-organizational environment, factors related to the nature of technology, and factors related to the technology market; along with 15 components and 72 indicators. The results of the research in the quantitative part also confirm the significant relationship between the dimensions, components and indicators of the final research model. Extended Abstract Introduction According to the Holy Quran, having a healthy body and soul is one of the requirements to achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter. In addition to that, the increasing development of the market of halal food products in the world, its globalization and the share of global markets in this field have made it necessary to design a model for measuring and valuing technical knowledge in the halal food industry. The subject of halal and paying attention to the culture of its use is a subject that is emphasized by the religion of Islam. By reflecting on the verses and narrations, we can clearly understand that this issue is extremely important in the view of Islam, and Islam has paid a lot of attention to it, and has mentioned many effects and consequences for observing or not observing it (Destmarad & Ghaibi, 2022). Valuating phenomena is a difficult task, but it is one of the most important activities of the present era. The rapid expansion of knowledge-based businesses in the last century has also made it necessary to examine conceptual points in the valuation of the entire business and the resources used (Zhou, 2021). So far, a standard and certain formula for valuing technical knowledge and technology of halal food industry has not been developed; but there are different methods that take into account the variables affecting the value of technology to some extent and provide acceptable solutions (Samuel et al, 2018). In valuing a technology, several factors such as environmental conditions, existence of suitable markets, etc. are influential; but in most cases, the final price of technology is determined through negotiation and depends on the negotiation skills and bargaining power of the parties to the transaction (Ghazinoory et al, 2016). Based on this, the current research is looking for an answer to this question: What is the model of measuring and valuing technical knowledge in the halal food industry? Theoretical Framework Valuing technical knowledge Today, knowledge and information is an important and vital factor for managing ambiguity and environmental complexities (Hsu et al, 2013) and technical knowledge is one of the most important intangible assets of companies, which the rapid changes in knowledge-based economies in the 21st century has increased its determination rate day by day (Gou et al, 2019). Technical knowledge is a collection of useful, confidential, innovative and valuable industrial information, along with it there is a collection of technical and non-technical knowledge and skills useful in the design, construction and other operations of an industrial unit used to produce a product or provide the required materials (Bahrami et al, 2022). Al-shami & Abdullah (2023) examined the challenges of certification issiuing and exploitation of halal food industries and the opportunities of implementing the production system in Malaysia. The food and beverage sector, whose end products are consumed by humans, must face stricter and more extensive quality and safety standards. Hervani et al, (2022) reviewed blockchain technology and sustainable supply chains from a social-valuation point of view. The results of this study showed that economic market valuation and non-market valuation can be used for blockchain technology. Research methodology The present research is applicable in terms of purpose, and a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) exploratory research. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included 20 scientific experts and executive experts of the halal food industry, who were selected by non-probability judgmental and purposeful sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative part included 250 people from the food industry experts of Tehran province, among whom 152 people were selected using the Cochran formula as the sample size, selected by cluster random sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative part included a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the interviews was confirmed through retesting. And the content validity of the quantitative part of the questionnaire was also confirmed by the experts. Research findings In order to analyze the data of the qualitative part, the theme analysis method was used, and SPSS and PLS software were used for the quantitative part. The results showed that the measurement and valuation model of technical knowledge in the food industry consists of four main dimensions including: factors related to the company/organization, factors related to the extra-organizational environment, factors related to the nature of technology, and factors related to the technology market; along with 15 components and 72 indicators. The results of the research in the quantitative part also confirm the significant relationship between the dimensions, components and indicators of the final research model. Conclusion The current research has been conducted with the aim of designing a model for measuring and valuing technical knowledge in the halal food industry. The results obtained from this research has alignment with the theoretical foundations and findings of previous research such as Al-shami & Abdullah (2023), Hervani et al, (2022), Arefi et al, (2022), Destmarad & Ghaibi (2022), Liu et al, (2021), Yousefi (2021), Zhou (2021), Nikbakht et al, (2021), Bayat et al, (2021), Valdivia et al, (2020), Vaezi et al, (2020), Woo et al, (2019), Gooran et al, (2019), Samuel et al, (2018), Ghazinoory et al, (2016), Jang & Lee (2013), Bandarian & Bandarian (2013), and khatami firoozabadi et al, (2017). Since the valuation of technical knowledge has a decisive role in realizing the commercialization of knowledge, in this direction, it seems necessary to know the model of measurement and evaluation of technical knowledge and to try to develop it; and this issue reveals the role and the contribution of the present research in this field. The obtained results can provide a useful insight to the managers of the organization in the direction of how to value technical knowledge for use in the process of knowledge management and its commercialization. -It is suggested that, with regard to the knowledge-based economy evolution in the country and changing direction from value creation of traditional methods based on physical assets toward intangible knowledge and the importance of technical knowledge measurement, technical knowledge attachment should be considered for all technology transfer contracts. - It is suggested that the senior technology manager, in coordination with the managers of the technical and engineering and R&D units, continuously monitor and measure the organization's technical knowledge and the organization's need for technical knowledge, and remove the obstacles related to data and information limitations. In this regard, the strategies that can be adopted for the formation of coherent and integrated databases at the company level, the implementation of database management systems related to technical knowledge, and the monitoring of the validity, transparency, accuracy and adequacy of data should be given special attention.

Korzeb Zbigniew, Alonso-Fariñas Bernabé, Irimia-Diéguez Ana Isabel et al.

The article addresses the issue of the future of European universities on the path to sustainable development. The main aim of the article is to describe foreseeable future directions of the sustainable development of universities and ways to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. In effect, the authors identify weaknesses, assess threats and recommend coordinated solutions and alternatives for the sustainable development of universities. This research will contribute to future work by explaining what the future of universities will look like on their sustainability journey. The results of the Delphi study conducted with the participation of 201 experts from 47 countries allowed for the identification of factors shaping the future of universities on the path to sustainable development.

Cholewa-Wójcik Agnieszka, Kawecka Agnieszka, Jarossová Małgorzata et al.

Producers must mark packaging with various warning signs, including the harm of alcohol consumption. The most popular warnings inform about the required consumer age (e.g., “alcohol only for adults”), consequences of drunk driving (e.g., “don’t drink and drive”), and advisable abstaining from drinking during pregnancy.

X. J. Luo, Lukumon O. Oyedele, A. Ajayi et al.

Abstract Buildings are one of the significant sources of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in urban areas all over the world. Lighting control and building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) are two effective measures in reducing overall primary energy consumption and carbon emission during building operation. Due to the complex energy nature of the building, accurate day-ahead prediction of heating, cooling, lighting loads and BIPV electrical power production is essential in building energy management. Owing to the changing metrological conditions, diversity and complexity of buildings, building energy load demands and BIPV electrical power production is highly variable. This may lead to poor building energy management, extra primary energy consumption or thermal discomfort. In this study, three machine learning-based multi-objective prediction frameworks are proposed for simultaneous prediction of multiple energy loads. The three machine learning techniques are artificial neural network, support vector regression and long-short-term-memory neural network. Since heating, cooling, lighting loads and BIPV electrical power production share similar affecting factors, it is computational time saving to adopt the proposed multi-objective prediction framework to predict multiple building energy loads and BIPV power production. The ANN-based predictive model results in the smallest mean absolute percentage error while SVM-based one cost the shortest computation time.

P. Khandwalla

Basiru Musa

The paper explored the role of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), being a strategically important public corporation in Nigeria, established on April 1, 1977, with the main aim of optimally managing Nigeria’s naturally endowed oil resources with a view to contributing to its socioeconomic development, which is expected to have a positive bearing on the standard of living of Nigerians. The paper utilised the qualitative research framework, where secondary data were obtained through document analysis, and it adopted thematic analysis in analysing the data and discussing the findings. The findings include the state of the public sector in Nigeria, which has been found to be poor and the NNPC, even though it is beset by certain challenges, it performs certain strategic functions, which add value to Nigeria’s socio-economic development. The functions include management of Nigeria’s oil and gas resources, supervision of oil production and operations in the oil and gas industry, supply of oil products, investment in sectors that add value to the oil and gas industry and remittance to the federation account for even national development. The paper recommends that the public sector should be strengthened, so that it performs efficiently and effectively. This is achievable through enhancing the regulatory frameworks and encouraging PPP (Public Private Partnership). The paper also recommends that the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation should have a better enabling act to enable it to continue to perform its functions and invest more in value-adding sectors and sustain its interventions in the national life of the Nigerian state, hence helping the state to address its socio-economic challenges.

Hitesh Kyal, Anirban Mandal, Fedric Kujur et al.

Purpose – This research would like to address the issues associated with individual entrepreneurial orientation, which involves entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial ability as the key determinants of MSME growth. It will also explore both mediating and moderating roles of employee motivation and government intervention, respectively during the pandemic situation. Design/methodology/approach – A purposive sampling technique was applied during pilot study and during the final data collection phases. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using varimax rotation to reduce a large number of variables into a smaller set of interpretable underlying factors. Further CFA and SEM are respectively applied to examine the psychometric properties of the scales and test the hypotheses of the research model. Findings – The study's findings revealed a favourable association between entrepreneurial orientation, business financing, management, market practices, and MSME growth performance. The results support the notion that government policy plays a significant role as a full moderator. Practical implications – Although the MSME sector receives government support, its implementation requires a skilled leader who can run the business profitability. The findings support this objective. Originality/value – This paper seeks to give important insights into one of the understudied but quickly expanding MSME entrepreneurship, and how this environment influences individual entrepreneurial orientation and the formation of entrepreneurial leadership. This opens up a previously unexplored area for fresh insights and future study on enhancing entrepreneurship development research and practice for the MSME sector.

Marthad Al-Mughairy, Preeti Shrivastava

There are very few studies done pertaining to the skills required in Industry 4.0 for Project Management (PM) employees, and no studies explicitly focused on entry-level skills requirement for PM graduates in the advent of Industry 4.0 especially from the industry perspective. The aim of the study is to investigate the required skills of project management graduates for entry-level project management positions in various Industries. It also highlights the current skills and competencies that are of high value to organisations in Industry 4.0. This research employed a qualitative research method, gathering information from 13 experienced respondents in the Sultanate of Oman in various positions and sectors. The study found that there is indeed a significant skill gap between what the graduates have and the requirements of the organisation. The researchers have emphasised that there must be an endeavour to pour more resources into fixing these skill gaps. The findings of this study have shown linkages with past research. The study has proposed strategies for the stakeholders to ensure that fresh graduates meet the demands of Industry 4.0 and might help the universities/colleges develop a curriculum that suits the industry's needs and requirements. The study had practical applicability and contributed to the body of research.

M. Azaza, F. Wallin

Juliano Endrigo Sordan, Marcio Lopes Pimenta, Pedro Carlos Oprime et al.

Purpose: This paper aims to understand the specificities inherent to collaborative robotics from the perspective of production and operations management, as well as to identify opportunities for future research on the topic. Methodology/Approach: A systematic literature review was carried out through Scopus and Web of Science databases. This procedure covered 84 articles published between 1997 and 2018. Findings: The study revealed the issues most addressed in the research on Collaborative robots (Cobots), the most cited works, and the research approaches adopted. Research Limitation/implication: The sample was extracted from only two international databases excluding publications in the form of books and articles from other databases. Originality/Value of paper: The study reveals some specificities regarding the application and development of COBOTs, as well as their advantages and drawbacks in the scope of production management.

Straka Ľuboslav, Kuchta Patrik

Production in all industry fields is currently affected by new scientific and technical knowledge and the requirements for its rapid deployment. In many cases, the most modern and highly sophisticated technical systems are applied. Simultaneously, fully automated production systems are rather successfully used and progressive production technologies are implemented. In most cases, there is an integral part of a management system that operates the challenging technological processes. These processes would not be executable without the system’s precise control, which provides a suitable precondition for ensuring the high quality of manufactured products. However, the customer’s demanding requirements are not always met. These involve increased requests for the quality of the final product due to the reduction of the tolerance band and application of high-strength materials. This paper aims to describe one of the solutions by which it is possible to achieve a higher quality of the machined surface after wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). The solution proposes that through dynamic management, the WEDM process eliminates the vibrations of the wire tool electrode and thereby achieves a substantial increase in the quality of the eroded area in terms of its geometric accuracy. With the support of an extensive database of information with precise exchange of information, the proposed system will allow to control the electro discharge process with regard to the optimal way of operation of the electro discharge machine on the basis of individually selected conditions.

Julia Aleksandra Szota, Jacek Woźniak

The article discusses the issue of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in business management. The considerations focus on the role and importance of these technologies in the improvement of processes and management of business projects, and thus shaping the security of contemporary enterprises. The dynamic development of ICTs results in the possibility of their practical application in many areas of business operations. The article also highlights the effects that can be achieved by implementing ICTs in business projects. The research problem is as follows: What are the basic effects of the implementation of ICTs in business projects in the context of shaping the security of enterprises? The theoretical goal is related to the identification of the main effects of the use of ICTs in project management in modern enterprises. On the other hand, the utilitarian goal is to present the rules of practical use of ICTs in the management of business projects on the basis of the good practices/recommendations, and to indicate the benefits and risks (both organizational and business ones), resulting from the use of ICTs in project management – as the basis for activities related to shaping the security of enterprises. The main empirical method has been a case study (in a form of a multiple case study). The study also used methods of analysis and synthesis. The qualitative study, in the form of case studies, was covered a group of six companies (engaged in either the provision of services or production). Business profiles of these entities were diverse and included the following industries: building & construction, energy, fuel, financial, transport and interior design. Companies were included in the study due to the criterion of conducting business projects and the implementation of ICTs supporting this activity.