Hasil untuk "Lexicography"

Buccheri, Lucia, Montuori, Francesco

The paper provides an update about the activities conducted by the editorial group of the Etymological and historical dictionary of Neapolitan (DESN) and reflects on the prospects offered by the new digital lexicographic platform for the creation of vocabulary entries. The platform, which is currently in the testing phase, was developed within the PRIN 2020 QM - The Future of Old Italian. Towards a New Digital Lexicography with the Southern Texts Corpus. This tool will transform the DESN in a web-based dictionary, simplifying the compilation process and facilitating the implementation of the vocabulary in the new digital environment of LexicHub, which will collect some in-progress etymological and historical dialectal dictionaries.

Jaroslav Emmer

An adjectival simile is an established phraseological unit with a standardised form (blind as a bat). It is perhaps for this reason that it has not been attracting much attention, and most studies on similes focus on verbal similes. This study reports a significant diachronic shift in the usage of adjectival similes, identified by comparing a lexicographic sample with one from a corpus. Analysing corpus data, we collected a representative sample of 309 adjectival similes in English, which further served for the compilation of a “simile minimum” of 60 types. Both corpus samples were then contrasted with lexicographic lists from a dictionary of idioms: English Idioms and How to Use Them (Seidl & McMordie, 1978; 1988). The comparison shows that the lexicographic minimum (65 types) overlaps with that from the corpus by just one-third and the whole representative list (166 types) only by one-fifth. The significant disproportion can be explained as a shift in linguistic reality but also as a result of the dictionary authors’ idiolects or homogeneity of their data. These findings can serve for textbook and reference manual authors as a warning against relying too much on their own linguistic intuition.

Haoda Feng, Hongying Xu

The Terminology and Lexicography Research and Practice series by John Benjamins aims to offer readers in-depth studies that report on recent advances in the area of terminology and lexicography. The works collected for this book series cover a wide range of cutting-edge topics such as dynamics of terminologies (see e.g. Kageura, 2012) and terminological variation (see e.g. Daille, 2017), featuring a number of research methodologies such as philosophical, computational and cognitive approaches. Marie-Claude L’Homme’s book entitled Lexical Semantics for Terminology: An introduction in this series is very interesting, because it clarifies the interplay between lexical semantics and terminology, specifically including meaning and concept, term identification, polysemy, equivalence in terminology and so forth. In particular, this monograph highlights the robustness of corpus approaches and elucidates for readers how corpus data can be used to help facilitate quantitative and qualitative analyses within various lexico-semantic models, all of which is an innovative step towards the complement to knowledge-driven approaches. Therefore, the book under review would appeal to a broad spectrum of readership including terminologists, lexicographers, trainee and professional translators, corpus linguists, language researchers, and particularly those who show an interest in studies involving specialised terms.

Tena Čajić

Ramón Martí Solano, Aleš Klégr

Tapani Salminen

André-Georges Haudricourt, Georges Métailié

Botanist Edmer D. Merrill noted that vernacular plant names in some ancient botanical texts can help botanists identify the original plants. In the same paper, he noted that they could also be misleading. On the basis of this apparent contradiction, we have considered the Chinese plant names chosen by Loureiro in his Flora cochinchinensis (1791), and, comparing them to the names found in modern Chinese books, we have found that the two assertions are true; however, the first one reflects rather frequent cases contrary to the second one.

Iva Klobučar Srbić, Ivan Smolčić, Jasmina Tolj

Bibliografija obuhvaća sve članke objavljene u Tehničkoj enciklopediji Leksikografskoga zavoda Miroslav Krleža koja je izlazila u razdoblju od 1963. do 1997. u 13 svezaka. Osim popisa članaka, bibliografija sadržava i imensko i strukovno kazalo.

Nadezda Makeeva

This paper deals with two discontinuous past markers of Kla-Dan, kɯ̰̀ and kà, whose function is to shift the situations whose temporal localization is already established to the past. These markers differ in a number of parameters: distribution, semantics, the morphosyntactic features and the part of speech of the marker.The marker kɯ̰̀ is a verb with a broad distribution, which is used in a number of non-verbal and verbal constructions including the future time construction. The marker kà is an operator with a narrow distribution, and it can be used only in the neutral aspect and negative perfective constructions. Constructions formed with the help of the discontinious past markers kɯ̰̀ and kà express both meanings that are typologically predictable as well as meanings that are not typical from a typological perspective.

Makoto Sumiyoshi

A. V. Shchetinina, A. N. Blinova

Questions of ideographic description and lexicography of social vocabulary are considered. It is shown that in spite of a considerable number of works devoted to the study of different groups of social vocabulary, a comprehensive description of social nominations is currently lacking. On the example of the analysis of nominations representing institutional relations, a technique for analyzing vocabulary is developed and improved in terms of the actualization of social semantics in linguistic units. It is noted that the relevance of the work is due to the comparative perspective of the study, since the vocabulary is drawn from different idioms of the Russian language: literary language, jargon, urban vernacular and Russian folk dialects - in order to establish discrepancies and similarities between the consciousness of Russian speakers representing different social, territorial and other groups. The practical significance and perspective of research consists in the creation of an ideographic description of social vocabulary in the form of an ideographic dictionary. On the example of the analysis of the nomination banderovets ( Banderaers ), the logic of the formation of new meanings of words not previously fixed by dictionaries and the creation of dictionary articles for the ideographic dictionary is justified. Application of methods of semantic, classificatory, linguistic-statistical, contextual, definitional analysis is demonstrated and also the method of ideographic reconstruction of nominative sets is partially presented.

Marek Wojciech Łukasik

Contrastive terminography Contrastive methods have long been employed in lexicography, in particular in bi- and multilingual dictionary projects. The main rationale for this is the necessity to comprehensively study, i.e. compare and contrast, two or more linguistic systems that are to be presented in one way or another in respective dictionaries. Similarly, the contrastive approach is of paramount importance in terminographic undertakings, on account of the need to draw a distinction between terminological (conceptual) systems existing in various languages and across cultures. It must be emphasised, however, that the contrastive element is not only a part of terminographic practice, but also of the theory of terminography. This article aims to present the role of contrastive research across various spheres of specialised (=LSP) lexicography.   Terminografia kontrastywna Metody kontrastywne stosowane są w słownikarstwie od dawna, w szczególności w odniesieniu do dwu- i wielojęzycznych projektów leksykograficznych, z uwagi na konieczność przeprowadzenia analiz porównawczych dwóch lub więcej systemów językowych, których elementy mają być w konkretny sposób przedstawione/zestawione w słowniku. Badania kontrastywne odgrywają równie ważną rolę w pracy terminograficznej, przede wszystkim ze względu na potrzebę dokonania porównania systemów terminologicznych (pojęciowych) funkcjonujących w różnych językach i kulturach. Należy podkreślić, że elementy analiz kontrastywnych nie są jedynie domeną praktyki – korzysta z nich również teoria terminografii. W artykule przedstawiono rolę badań kontrastywnych na różnych płaszczyznach działalności terminograficznej.

Gortan-Premk Darinka S.

There are three urgent tasks before the Serbian lexicographers: the vertical and horizontal defining of the contemporary Serbian language, the formation of the Serbian language corpus and the compilation of the standard descriptive dictionary: the first two tasks should be done by the Serbian linguists and by those dealing with corpora, whereas the third should be trusted to the Serbian lexicographers, both the present and the future ones. The Serbian lexicographers, the members of the Belgrade school of lexicography, who have compiled 20 volumes of the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences Dictionary, six-volume Matica Srpska Dictionary, and single-volume Matica Srpska Dictionary, and outstanding Belgrade lexicologists will doubtless create a modern and reliable conception of such a dictionary, make precise working instructions based on contemporary linguistic and lexicological knowledge if the project is supported by the government. Hopefully, this extremely significant national undertaking will be completed in a few years.

Vlatka Dugački

Srećko Tomas

Alexandra Vydrina

Fabienne Toupin

My focus here will be on those animal names which never (e.g. deer) or occasionally (e.g. herring) take the -s suffix in the plural in Present-Day English. After a detailed presentation of these names (§1), I will try to show (§2) that they form a lexical category in Guiraud’s sense, that is, a non-arbitrary set of nouns with common features at the level both of the signified and of the signifier, and constituting, from a diachronic perspective, a matrix having enabled membership of the category to develop until today. I will then try to explain why this category resisted analogical extension of the -s plural marker, by bringing in the culture of Anglo-Saxon England and the very special status of a group of animals in the culture in question (§3). My conclusion (§4) will stress that multicausality is at work in that resistance to analogy, the cultural factor put forward in §3 being the main explanation. I will eventually explain how these animal names fit into the traditional description of English nouns, and then into Culioli’s speaker-centered theory, known as the Théorie des Opérations Prédicatives et Enonciatives.

Bonifacas Stundžia

Uredništvo broja

GOD. 7 (2013) BR. 1 (12) Za nakladnika: Bruno Kragić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Glavni urednik: Damir Boras, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Zamjenik glavnoga urednika: Željko Pavić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Uredništvo: Irina Deretić, Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu Zdenko Jecić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Stipe Kutleša, Institut za filozofiju Janko Lozar, Filozofska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani Nives Mikelić Preradović, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Slaven Ravlić, Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Hrvoje Stančić, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Goran Sunajko, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Richard Wisser, Sveučilište Johannes Gutenberg u Mainzu Leksikografski savjet: Vlaho Bogišić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Davor Kapetanić, Sveučilište Washington u Seattleu Trpimir Macan, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Antun Vujić, Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Izvršna urednica: Tea Rogić Musa Izlazi dva puta godišnje Jezično uređivanje i korektura: Iva Klobučar Srbić Prijevod Damir Martić Oblikovanje i prijelom: Ivo Horvat Dizajn korica: Dubravka Rakoci Izrada UDK / UDC: Jelica Leščić Godina izdanja: 2014. Adresa uredništva: Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža Frankopanska 26, 10 000 Zagreb, Hrvatska Tel: +385 1 48 00 300, Tel./Faks: +385 1 4800 399 E-mail: studia_lexicographica@lzmk.hr Web: http://www.lzmk.hr

Raghav Ramachandran, Abhaya C. Nayak, M. Orgun