Hasil untuk "Latin America. Spanish America"

Sergio Rosas Salas

Objetivo: reconstruir y analizar las devociones y los cultos que se promovieron en la ciudad de Puebla entre 1884 y 1914 para comprender las razones que permitieron la renovación y el auge del catolicismo en aquella ciudad episcopal entre el porfiriato y la revolución. La hipótesis es que las transformaciones que trajo la consolidación liberal en México impulsaron a los católicos a iniciar una renovación religiosa que llegó a crear un nuevo modelo de catolicismo, impulsado a la par por clérigos, religiosos y seglares, el cual fomentó una nueva sacralización del espacio público, una nueva práctica devocional e incluso un nuevo modelo de presencia pública en torno al culto. Metodología: se revisaron fuentes primarias en archivos parroquiales y en bibliotecas de fondos antiguos y se privilegió la mirada local, sin perder de vista que varios procesos ocurrieron como parte del catolicismo social. Originalidad: el trabajo ofrece una doble originalidad. En primer lugar, utiliza los conceptos de nuevo catolicismo y de guerra cultural para comprender la renovación del catolicismo mexicano en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, una perspectiva que puede resultar útil para otras investigaciones y miradas. En segundo lugar, ofrece una mirada sobre una diócesis poco estudiada para este periodo. Conclusión: el trabajo demuestra que, tras la reforma liberal, el catolicismo en México se expresó en la reconstrucción de templos, la promoción de nuevos cultos o la renovación de los ya tradicionales, y en el auge de prácticas piadosas, religiosas, devocionales y conmemorativas, en los distintos recintos sagrados de la ciudad, elementos que permitieron que la Iglesia católica tuviera en Puebla una constante presencia simbólica entre las décadas de 1880 y 1900.

Marzano, Andrea

O tema deste artigo é um festival carnavalesco organizado, em 1937, por iniciativa do Diário de Luanda. Pretende-se investigar de que forma o festival e suas representações na imprensa espraiaram, na capital da colônia de Angola, elementos centrais do modelo corporativo e da propaganda salazarista, que tinha lugar, na metrópole, através da realização de grandes eventos, como desfiles de marchas populares e exposições. Com base na análise de matérias jornalísticas sobre o festival, pretende-se demonstrar representações orgânicas, harmônicas e hierarquizadas da sociedade, condizentes com os princípios do corporativismo; a exibição de símbolos do progresso social e industrial, que justificariam a presença colonial; a divulgação de uma imagem mítica, atemporal e heroica do povo português, fadado, desde tempos imemoriais, a levar a civilização aos trópicos; e a valorização de costumes regionais, entendidos como manifestações folclóricas que comporiam um todo indivisível, caracterizado como o “mundo português”

Laura Caraballo

Transfeminist struggles in Argentina and Latin America within the context of their sociopolitical reality, have a correlation with visual narratives. Comics don’t only represent what is at stake in thought and activism, but also redefine themselves, finding their own anti-hegemonic logics of operation. Femimutancia’s comics allow us to approach certain ideas in which transfeminisms of the south are anchored, which are articulated in slogans heard in the streets and read in social media: «no transvestite, no feminism», «the personal is political».... The production of this non-binary author help us to explore the theoretical bases of these political slogans, elaborated by certain referents of the movement, such as Judith Butler, Simone de Beauvoir and Carol Hanisch.

Pablo Turnes

In 1985 during the period called “democratic transition”, in the Argentinian province of Tucumán begins the publishing of a comic book called Pucará. Pucará adopted then a specific position to justify its inscription in the history of Argentinian comics, read and reinterpreted in a nationalistic and military key. This paper aims to replace it in its context and to tackle the concept of “tradition” of the so called “national comics”.

C. Giesen, Laura Díez-Izquierdo, C. Saa-Requejo et al.

Objectives In 2019 Chinese authorities alerted of the appearance of a cluster of cases of unknown pneumonia related to a new type of coronavirus. Spain is among the most affected countries. Our aim is to describe the cases of COVID-19 at Infanta Sofía University Hospital (Madrid), a public secondary hospital that increased its hospital beds to provide assistance during the outbreak. Methods Retrospective descriptive study of cases that met COVID-19 clinical diagnosis criteria or had a positive PCR test from February 27 to June 29, 2020. A description of demographic variables, hospital stay, mortality and the epidemiological curve was performed. Results Of 1,828 confirmed cases, 64.4% were hospitalised, 5.6% were admitted to the ICU. About 52.2% were male. The median age was 63.2 years. About 13.1% were nursing home residents. Nineteen percent were of Latin American origin of which 6.8% were admitted to the ICU. Overall case fatality was 14.6%. We observed a biphasic epidemiological curve. Conclusions Sixty to 79-year-old males were admitted and deceased more often than women. Mortality reached 14.7%. Latin Americans were admitted more often to the ICU. Further studies about epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in hospitals are necessary.

Miranda Lida

El exilio científico republicano en las Américas está ampliamente estudiado. En este contexto, el caso del historiador Claudio Sánchez Albornoz resulta excepcional, por la compleja estrategia puesta en marcha para su arribo a la Argentina. Fue apoyado por la Fundación Rockefeller (FR), cuyo papel ha sido poco estudiado. Otro actor que participó fue la Institución Cultural Española de Buenos Aires (ICEBA). Gracias a archivos de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, de la ICEBA (en correspondencia con la FR), podemos reconstruir la trama que lo llevó en la Argentina, con sostenido apoyo por parte de ambas instituciones.

Felipe Garcia de Oliveira

O texto é uma resenha da obra: YOUSSEF, Alain El. Imprensa e Escravidão. Política e tráfico negreiro no Império do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro, 1822- 1850) São Paulo: Intermeios/Fapesp, 2016.

Ximena Urbina Carrasco

There are three cases of «misgivings» of the Spanish crown due to the alleged imminence of English settlements on the southernmost coasts of Western Patagonia, a territory located between the province of Chiloé and the American border. These «misgivings», which gave rise to royal maritime reconnaissance orders that fell back on the governor of Chiloé, were provoked by the arrival at the Spanish court of «papeles de Londres» in which the ambassadors announced that England was preparing to take one or more ports from the South Sea. The cases allow us to analyze how these «papers» that generated «warnings» and dispatches constitute interesting cases to understand the circulation of information within the Spanish Empire, and between the latter and England, as well as the dynamics of the local (Chiloé) in relation to the regional (Chile, viceroyalty of Peru) and imperial (courts of Madrid and London), and vice versa. This was done by crossing information from Chilean, Spanish and English archives, with the intention of analyzing the history of the most radical Indian periphery through its link with modern European history.

D. Parra, L. Gómez, O. Sarmiento et al.

Leiv Marsteintredet

Pedro Mogorrón Huerta

S. Colorado-Yohar, M. Tormo, Diego Salmerón et al.

J. Ramos, Y. Ponce, I. Gallegos et al.

M. Navarro, F. Norman, J. Pérez-Molina et al.

M. Flores-Chávez, F. Merino, S. García-Bujalance et al.

One of the most important modes of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in areas where it is not endemic is vertical transmission: from mother to child. The objective of this report is to assess the efficacy of different programmes of serological screening to monitor infection with T. cruzi in pregnant Latin American women living in Madrid (Spain). To achieve this, a retrospective study was undertaken from January 2008 to December 2010 in seven hospitals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Serological screening programmes were classified in two main strategies: a selective one (pregnant women from Bolivia) and a universal one (pregnant women from Latin America). A total of 3,839 pregnant women were tested and the overall prevalence was 3.96%. The rate of congenital transmission was 2.6%. The current monitoring programmes have variable coverage ranging between 26% (selective screening) and 100% (universal screening). Monitoring of pregnant women from Latin America only reaches full coverage if universal screening of pregnant women is carried out at any moment of pregnancy, including at delivery. A common national regulation is necessary in order to ensure homogenous implementation of screening.

Michèle Lagny

A obra cinematográfica de Lucchino Visconti em sua fase pós-neorrealista foi marcada por grandes filmes de reconstituições de época. Ao levar cenas de diversos períodos históricos para o cinema, Visconti aproveitava sua experiência como encenador de ópera, empregando a música em seus filmes de forma metafórica. Sua narrativa fílmica ganhou, dessa forma, um especial valor interpretativo da História, na medida em que contesta uma versão oficial, feita pelas classes dominantes, que suprime os conflitos sociais e esconde as contradições da época. O presente artigo analisa as relações entre a música e a narrativa fílmica, observando a partir de três filmes, Senso (1954), Morte em Veneza (1971) e Ludwig (1973), o papel da música desempenha no enredo do filme e as variações que em que os temas vão se apresentando de acordo com as ações dramáticas e o estado emocional dos personagens.

María Candela De Luca

En este trabajo nos introducimos en el estudio de los libros de fábrica de las parroquias de indios que existieron bajo la jurisdicción de la Villa Imperial de Potosí, Alto Perú, durante el siglo XVIII . Gracias a la información brindada por estos documentos pueden advertirse aspectos relativos a la organización de estas instituciones, como los ingresos percibidos por ellas en materia de pagos y donativos de los fieles; los bienes materiales con los que contaban —muchos de los cuales portaban significados que nos permiten acceder a claves para comprender el universo material y simbólico compartido por los indígenas que habitaron ese tiempo y espacio—, y también el calendario festivo segui - do en estas parroquias, las más de las veces sostenido por las hermandades religiosas que allí funcionaban. Nuestro objetivo primordial es realizar una descripción de las parroquias, demostrando la preeminencia de la actividad de las cofradías en su funcio - namiento.

R. Yarbrough

Matthew Restall

E. Wolf