Agradecemos la participación de los siguientes árbitros: Hugo Antonio Arciniega, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México José Ricardo Gutiérrez Vargas, Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, México Elisa María Teresa Drago Quagua, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México Irene Gras Valero, Universidad de Barcelona, España Edwin Culp, Universidad Iberoamericana, México Samuel Hernández Dominicis, Universidad Iberoamericana, México Trinidad Pérez Arias, Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Ecuador Santiago Javier Ávila Albuja, Universidad Israel, Ecuador Yuri Marat Gómez Cervantes, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú
Fatima Bashir, Saeed Usman Abdullahi, Ada Imelda Oyong
et al.
Mosquitoes are known to vector more diseases than any other arthropod group, affecting millions of people worldwide. The urgent need for novel insecticides that are effective, safe, biodegradable, affordable, and target-specific is highlighted by the problem of insecticide resistance and its consequences on non-target organisms. Plants, which contain a large number of bioactive compounds, may be an alternative source of mosquito control agents. This study was aimed at investigating the larvicidal activity of Artemisia annua against the Anopheline and Culicine mosquito species. Insecticidal susceptibility tests were carried out using the WHO standard method, and mortality was observed after 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure. Two solvents were used to obtain the plant extract, and the result was compared to the larvicidal activity of Cymbopogan citratus and Azadirachta indica, which are known to be standard plants with larvicidal activity. There was no significant difference in all the comparisons made. The highest larval mortality rate was observed in anophelines exposed to petroleum ether extract of A. annua, with 100% mortality after 72 hours of exposure, followed by Anophelines exposed to aqueous extract of C. citratus, with 97.5% mortality. Then, culicines were exposed to petroleum ether extract of A. annua with 87.5% mortality and aqueous extracts of A. annua, and C. citratus showed 75% mortality on culicine larvae, respectively. This work recommends that A. annua is a safe and natural mosquito larvicide that is just as effective as the commercial chemical product and should be planted around homes, as they could have the potential to repel mosquitoes and reduce mosquito-borne diseases.
Um „compliant“ zu sein, müssen Unternehmen personenbezogene Daten Dritter schützen, die in ihrem Unternehmen verarbeitet werden. Zugleich sind sie als Arbeitgeber aber auch zum Schutz der personenbezogenen Daten ihrer Beschäftigten verpflichtet. Um ihren Compliancepflichten nachzukommen, sind Arbeitgeber also einerseits zur Überwachung der Beschäftigten verpflichtet, andererseits müssen sie dabei aber auch die datenschutzrechtlichen Vorschriften bezüglich der Verarbeitung der Beschäftigtendaten beachten. Damit stehen Arbeitgeber vor der herausfordernden Aufgabe, alle Interessen und Pflichten bestmöglich in Einklang zu bringen. Diese Dissertation zeigt mögliche Lösungswege für dieses Dilemma auf.
Global geometric properties of dS space are presented explicitly in various coordinates. A Robertson–Walker-like metric is deduced, which is convenient to be used in the study of dynamics in dS space. Singularities of wave functions of massive scalar fields at boundary are demonstrated. A bulk-boundary propagator is constructed by making use of the solutions of equations of motion. The dS/CFT correspondence and the Strominger mass bound is shown.