Hasil untuk "Religion (General)"

I. Mitroff, Elizabeth A. Denton

M. Stonawski, V. Skirbekk, M. Potančoková

M. Maloney, E. A. Lanier, Robert K. Straus

José Luis Ponce Pérez

Panaetius of Rhodes (2nd century BC) is often considered a heterodox Stoic, exhibiting significant differences from his predecessors, Zeno, Cleanthes and Chrysippus. Notably, scholars of Stoicism have observed that Panaetius appears to have lost interest in the figure of the wise man as a model of moral and epistemic perfection, as conceived by the early Stoics. However, the textual evidence that would confirm this abandonment is inconclusive. The reasons behind this shift are also unclear. Therefore, this work has two objectives. Firstly, it aims to critically review the textual material that suggests Panaetius lost interest in the wise man. Secondly, it aims to explain why Panaetius changed his focus. To achieve this, Panaetius will be presented as a recipient of a philosophical tradition interested in types of life. As such, he will criticise and modify the positions of his predecessors, who attached great importance to the sage. He will also introduce new theoretical developments that diminish the relevance of such a wise figure. At the same time, he will approach those who do not pay attention to the wise man in their study of types of life.

Ana Clara de Andrade Patrício, Ana Caroline Cabral Cristino, Thiago Antonio Avellar de Aquino

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo mapear as produções científicas da área de Ciências das Religiões sobre as implicações da espiritualidade e da religiosidade na saúde de pacientes oncológicos. Para critérios de elegibilidade foram consideradas as produções científicas no formato de artigo, de dissertações e de teses, publicadas no período de 01 de janeiro de 2018 a 30 de outubro de 2022 nas revistas A1, A2, B1 e B2 da área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia e no catálogo de teses e dissertações dos programas de pós-graduação em CR da CAPES, escritas em língua portuguesa (Brasil), inglesa, espanhola, alemã, italiana ou francesa e que traziam como temática central a espiritualidade e a religiosidade na saúde de pacientes oncológicos. Dos 1669 estudos encontrados, 9 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra, resultando em uma amostra final de 8 estudos analisados. Os resultados desta revisão mostraram que a espiritualidade e a religiosidade vivenciadas pelos pacientes oncológicos os auxiliam no enfrentamento da enfermidade, no bem-estar psicológico, na percepção de sentido na existência e na qualidade de vida.

Palma Ventrella

Domingos Faria

Our main question in this paper is as follow: (Q) What are the epistemic norms governing our responses in the face of disagreement? In order to answer it, we begin with some clarification. First, following McHugh (2012), if we employ a useful distinction in normativity theory between evaluative and prescriptive norms, there are two readings of (Q)––we explore such distinction in section 2. And secondly, we accept gnosticism, that is, the account that the fundamental epistemic good is knowledge. It is with this assumption that we want to answer (Q). So, if gnosticism is true, what is the plausible answer to (Q)? In section 3 we argue for gnostic disagreement norms as response to (Q) and in section 4 we apply such norms to particular cases of disagreement.

Kátia Maheirie, Paulo Ricardo de Araújo Miranda, Bader Burihan Sawaia et al.

Resumo O presente trabalho busca analisar os modos como se organizam os Centros de Referência em Assistência Social (CRAS), a partir de experiências coletivas e práticas comunitárias realizadas pelas equipes-território, destacando os processos de dissensos e consensos nas relações de trabalho. Metodologicamente, com base na análise de discurso, foram realizadas coletivamente 14 entrevistas semiestruturadas com cada equipe dos CRAS de dois estados da macrorregião sul do Brasil. Os resultados apontam que trabalhar as divergências internas sem tentar homogeneizá-las, compondo práticas transdisciplinares e horizontalizantes, se mostrou um modo potente de organização das equipes de trabalho. Ademais, foi relatado também a potência na produção dos fazeres de territorialização, com e a partir do território, por meio de seus significantes e possibilidades singulares. Finalmente, apontam-se as práticas comunitárias com grupos e coletivos nos CRAS como um dos vetores potentes no enfrentamento ao sofrimento ético-político produzido pelas desigualdades sociais.

M.R. Taleban

For more than two centuries, the social sciences have been subjected to the “irrational actor axiom" in the scientific study of religion. Religiosity and religious behavior were explained on the basis of primitive thought, neurotic impulses, and social conditioning; and the decline of religion and religiosity was also seen as the inevitable consequence of scientific enlightenment and technological advancement. From the late 20th century, and especially early 21th century, an increasing set of empirical data from social science research has shown that this traditional approach to the scientific study of religion is defective. Many of these data have seriously challenged the old but still popular social sciences scholarship on "incompatibility of science with religion”, "the gradual decline of religion" and "pathological roots of religious commitment." The research evidence presented in this paper also showed that most of the extensive literature on the relationship between university education and the reduction of students' religiosity, which was dominated by the secularization paradigm and the incompatibility of science with religion, does not have the necessary empirical support. Also, analyzing the data on the religiosity of Muslims in Iran showed that the difference in religiosity of the population was more affected by their religious background of their family rather than by studying at the university.

R. Stark, W. Bainbridge, J. K. Hadden

Orazio Irrera

Dans cet article nous nous interrogerons sur le statut conceptuel ainsi que sur la portée politique de la notion de volonté qui apparait dans la célèbre définition que Foucault donne en 1978 de l’attitude critique comme « volonté de n’être pas gouverné ». Pour en élargir son champ d’intelligibilité nous mettrons en parallèle la généalogie du rapport d’obéissance au sein du pouvoir pastoral et de la gouvernementalité avec la généalogie de la concupiscence et de la chair qui inscrit dans « la structure permanente du sujet » une sorte d’empire de l’involontaire permettant de le gouverner. Nous retracerons la manière dont à partir de l’émergence d’un dispositif médico-juridique à l’intérieur de la pratique pénale où, depuis la moitié du XIXe, s’enchevêtrent les expertises psychiatriques et les dispositifs de normalisation pour manipuler les instincts et ses maladies censées être dangereuses pour la société, Foucault avance l’exigence une nouvelle problématisation de la notion de la volonté. On s’attachera ainsi à mettre en lumière comment cette notion devient le foyer d’une reformulation qui ne peut pas se passer d’une généalogie de l’involontaire que Foucault développe notamment dans ses recherches sur l’Histoire de la sexualité, dont la récente parution du quatrième volume, Les aveux de la chair, nous permet aujourd’hui de saisir l’effective portée théorique et politique de cette articulation de la volonté et de l’involontaire. Celle-ci permet en effet de décrire de manière plus riche et détaillé tant la matrice governamentale de subjectivation en Occident que la constitution d’un horizon d’imputabilité et de responsabilité dont chaque sujet est appelé à répondre, ce qui l’inscrit par ce même geste dans un champ généralisé d’obéissance et le rend ainsi intimement gouvernable.

Kadek Yudi Murdana

This study aimed to determine the influence of religious formation by Samanera and Atthasilani on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya. The approach used in this research is quantitative research with the type of research included in the survey research. The results showed that religious guidance has a significant influence on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya, can be proved from correlation value 0.724 or 72.4% and significant with 0.000 value. This shows that there is a significant influence between the variables of religious development on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya.

Farajolah Hedayatnia

There is no consensus among the commentators on the creation of male and female two men. Their views on this subject go back to two general theories. A large number of commentators in the creation of men and women are from different sources for different purposes, and they believe: God has created Eve from the body of Adam. They also believe that the Almighty God created the woman to calm her husband. The result of this superstitious theory of male dominance on women and the consequent creation of women in the value system of Islam has Islamic values in Islam. Another group of them shared the origin and purpose of the creation of Adam and Eve and believed: Men and women are equal in creation and in respect of dignity and worth. According to this theory, the Almighty God created the husband and wife to create each other. Considering the influence of these views on the jurisprudential, legal and cultural-social system, this paper attempts to examine and evaluate the reasons for the female adolescent creation and to show that Adam and Eve and, in general, men and women have been created from the same source for the same purpose. And nobody else has any honor and nobody.

María Eugenia Ossandón

The founder of Opus Dei was in Chile from June 28th to July 9th, 1974. This stay was part of a trip to various Latin American countries. One of the objectives of his visit was to confirm the faithful in the catholic faith; the other objective was to promote the development of Opus Dei’s apostolic activities in that country. The main features of St Josemaría’s stay in Chile are presented briefly in the context of the political and ecclesiastical situation of the country, the schedule and content of the meetings with various groups of people.

Sherry B. Ortner

Alessandra Viegas

Paul Ricoeur is passionate for life and society. This is not a matter of discussion, since one knows his trajectory, his fights and achievements which reflect wonderful multicolor prisms in his works. We can say that he is, and not that he was, because his essays of narrating the time that is today, the time of the narrative which is brought to our present perspective each moment while one narrates something, indicate a Ricoeur that is revived at different and new moments in which the reader exposes himself or herself in his presence, by narrating.<br />In Time and Narrative 3, based on his passion, one can find a text that inquires about the manner in which we have faced, as a society, our past and in which we expect to construct our future. In Towards a Hermeneutics of Historical Consciousness, Ricoeur presents a problem that reveals how humans are becoming something different than themselves while they “preterify” the past and leave the present without a tradition; it means that such a thought is equivalent to an absence of expectations and hopes about the future. This is the discussion of the text that follows. <br />

Alfonso Gómez Fernández

The aim of this article is to expound Zubiri’s concept of essence and to begin a critical discussion and evaluation of his proposal. Before explaining what essence is, it is necessary to observe that, for our author, not all things have an essence: only «reality-things» but not «meaning-things» form part of the «essentiable domain». This distinction between «reality-things» and «meaning-things» supposes a new conception of nature. (Nature is not the opposite of the artificial, as the Greek term physis is.)«Reality-things» form a constitutional and «closed» system of non-causal and non-«external» characteristics or traits. These «foundational characteristics» of constitution, then, are precisely the essence. The article discusses critically the assumptions of this doctrine (reality, ontological pluralism, foundation) and its possible limits in the light of contemporary science. It can be a useful theory for the philosophy of language.

Kinga Izsóf Jurásová, Marián Špajdel

A photograph connects its author with a viewer through visual communication. A captured image as a specific form of art evokes aesthetic evaluation on the viewer’s side and subsequently alters the communication meaning of the photograph. The aim of this study is to describe such characteristics of photographs that can influence aesthetic evaluation and thus facilitate visual communication. Close attention is payed to photographs posted via specific web applications.

R. Paloutzian

H. G. Wood