Hasil untuk "Land use"

S. Borras, J. Franco

P. Gislason, J. Benediktsson, J. Sveinsson

J. Vogelmann, S. Howard, Limin Yang et al.

T. Li

Xiangzheng Deng, Jikun Huang, S. Rozelle et al.

This article aims to evaluate the impact of urbanization and different urbanization modes on cultivated land changes using an econometric model that incorporates socio-economic and policy factors in the eastern China, which experience the great urbanization in recent years. Based on land-use remote sensing data interpreted from Landsat Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper digital images of Chinese Academy of Sciences and a unique set of socio-economic data, an econometric model is developed to empirically estimate the impacts on cultivated land changes. Although urbanization has an effect on the changes of cultivated land, its effect is marginal. Moreover, the expansion of built-up areas in different urbanization modes causes varying impacts on changes in cultivated land use in different regions. Assuming that other factors remain constant, compared with the expansion of villages or the development of small towns, in the periods of 1995–2000, the urbanization in the more developed eastern region alleviates the loss of cultivated land by 7%, while during 2000–2008 the rapid urbanization lead to the cultivated land loss increase by 29.2%. The policies designed to protect cultivated land by encouraging people move to small towns may actually accelerate the occupation of cultivated land.

P. Verburg, N. Crossman, Erle C. Ellis et al.

Land systems are the result of human interactions with the natural environment. Understanding the drivers, state, trends and impacts of different land systems on social and natural processes helps to reveal how changes in the land system affect the functioning of the socio-ecological system as a whole and the tradeoff these changes may represent. The Global Land Project has led advances by synthesizing land systems research across different scales and providing concepts to further understand the feedbacks between social-and environmental systems, between urban and rural environments and between distant world regions. Land system science has moved from a focus on observation of change and understanding the drivers of these changes to a focus on using this understanding to design sustainable transformations through stakeholder engagement and through the concept of land governance. As land use can be seen as the largest geo-engineering project in which mankind has engaged, land system science can act as a platform for integration of insights from different disciplines and for translation of knowledge into action.

Wai Yeung Yan, A. Shaker, N. El-Ashmawy

Sujay V. Kumar, C. Peters-Lidard, Yudong Tian et al.

Matthew E. Watts, I. Ball, Romola S. Stewart et al.

R. Fries, M. Hansen, J. Townshend et al.

A. Cundy, L. Hopkinson, R. Whitby

M. Herold, J. Scepan, K. Clarke

Jiaxiang Tian, Yulong Zhong, Yingchun Shen et al.

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is vital for monitoring terrestrial water storage (TWS). However, effectively extracting hydrological load deformation from GNSS observations poses a significant challenge. This study proposes a novel strategy; the seasonal hydrological load signals are removed from the raw data, and the remaining signals use principal component analysis (PCA). Simulation results from Yunnan Province demonstrate that the spatial distribution of the root mean square error (RMSE) is improved by approximately 15 % compared with traditional PCA extraction from raw data. From January 2013 to December 2022, TWS was inverted from 24 GNSS stations in Yunnan Province. The spatial distribution and time series of TWS inverted from GNSS align well with those TWS inferred from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), GRACE Follow-On (GFO), and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) land surface model. However, the amplitude of the GNSS-inverted TWS is slightly higher. Since GNSS ground stations are more sensitive to hydrological load signals, they show correlations with precipitation data that are 8.6 % and 6.0 % higher than those of GRACE and GLDAS, respectively. In the power spectral density analysis of GRACE/GFO, GLDAS, and GNSS, the signal strength of GNSS is much higher than that of GRACE/GFO and GLDAS in the June and February cycles. These findings suggest that the new data extraction strategy can capture higher frequency hydrological signals in TWS, and GNSS observations can help address limitations in GRACE/GFO observations. This study demonstrates the potential of GNSS TWS in capturing higher-frequency hydrological signals and climate extremes application.

Mulyandari Erni, Hadiani Rr. Rintis, Sobriyah et al.

This research focuses on the verification of rainfall estimation data from satellites CHIRPS and TRMM in relation to mapping flood-prone areas in Surakarta City, Indonesia. Validation was conducted by evaluating satellite data with rainfall records from monitoring stations and calculating their Mean Error (ME), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Correlation Coefficient (CC). The findings suggest that CHIRPS exhibited more accurate results than TRMM, as evidenced by the higher correlation values obtained and the lower error rates. Flood-prone areas were defined through spatial analysis making use of GIS, including all relevant criteria such as annual rainfall, altitude, land use, soil classification, and river distance. A weighted overlay analysis was performed whereby each region was classified according to susceptibility to flooding into one of the following grades of low, moderate, high, and very high. The flood vulnerability map was subsequently validated against historical flood event data whereby 97% of recorded flood events occurred within areas rated vulnerable by the model, thereby validating the credibility and robustness of the model. Information thus generated is pertinent for risk-sensitive urban planning policies and infrastructure development within the context of Surakarta City and for the optimization of disaster risk reduction actions.

Rofiat Bunmi Mudashiru, Maryam Yusuf-Olawuyi, Aliyu Tijani et al.

The design of an aquaponics system is a major drive in achieving a sustainable agricultural practice, tackling environmental problems, and food security. Aquaponics provides a conservative technique that integrates both hydroponics and aquaculture in regions with minimal arable land. This current study aims to design and build an aquaponics system that is suitable and beneficial to its environment. The objectives of building the aquaponics system are to cultivate fish and plants in a closed system that can reduce the requirement for chemical-based nutrients and increase water-use efficiency. Preliminary assessment, design, and preparations of drawings were applied to obtain a suitable plan for the aquaponics system. Civil, construction, plumbing, welding, and planting works were conducted to physically implement the aquaponics system. A farm base of 8 m X  4 m (hydroponics) was built alongside a concrete tank base of (3 m x 2 m x 0.6 m) to hold the fish tank of 2000 L (aquaculture). A canopy material was then laid to hold water in the hydroponics section. Twelve pieces of polystyrene (2.1 m X 1.2 m) were laid to float inside the hydroponics system with each one carrying 9 lightweight disposable cups to serve as planting mediums. Rice husk and palm kernel shells were filled into the cups to grow the plants (cucumber and pepper). Plant and growing medium weights were considered in determining the number of growing mediums(cups) in the hydroponics system. Other works done included plumbing for water, welding for the aquaponics structure, and installation of a cover. This current study incorporates organic waste materials as systematically grown mediums to create additional nutrients, increase grow mediums for optimized plant production, and reduce cost. The result of the study showed a shorter growth cycle for the plants (pepper and cucumber) between germination and flowering indicating a higher infusion of nutrients created by the hydroponics system. The result of the study can be applied as a guide to designing and building an effective aquaponics system and a tool for developing systems that can reduce food insecurity and farming techniques.

Chun-Chang Lee, Cheng-Yen Chuang, Wen-Chih Yeh et al.

In this study, we examined the differences between three house price indexes constructed using hedonic price, mix adjustment, and hierarchical linear growth repeat-sales modeling. The data consisted of housing sales across 13 administrative districts in Kaohsiung City from the third quarter of 2013 to 2022. The predictions were compared using the mean standard error, mean absolute percentage error, mean absolute error, and root-mean-square error. The results revealed that the hedonic price index performed the best; its prediction scores, as reflected by the four aforementioned metrics were 0.072, 1.176, 0.181, and 0.181, respectively. The index with the second best performance was the mix adjustment model, with scores of 0.154, 1.905, 0.293, and 0.293. The worst-performing index was the repeat-sales model, with scores of 0.309, 2.804, 0.439, and 0.439. After comparing the annual prediction errors of the three models, it became apparent that the hedonic price index had the best performance, followed by the mix adjustment index, and then the hierarchical linear growth repeat-sales index.

J. A. Castillo, A. Apan, T. Maraseni et al.

A. Colsaet, Y. Laurans, H. Levrel

Abstract Land take is the transformation of agricultural, natural and semi-natural spaces into urban and other artificial uses. It is closely linked to urban sprawl (low-density or dispersed urban development). Land take is a major environmental challenge, especially for biodiversity conservation, as it destroys and fragments natural habitats. In order to assess how the scientific literature dedicated to this topic adresses the determinants of land take, we analyzed 193 scientific articles retrieved through a systematic methodology. We summarized the causal relationships identified between land take and different explanatory factors. Among them, population and income growth, as well as the development of transport infrastructure and automobile use, are widely studied drivers that are most often found to increase land take. Political and institutional factors are extensively mentionned in the literature, suggesting that urban sprawl is not a mere result of “market forces” but is also shaped though public policies. Weak or unadequate planning, subsidies for land consumption and automobile transportation are said to increase urban sprawl, while infrastructure pricing and subsidies for urban renewal would have the opposite effect. The institutional setting, especially administrative fragmentation, reliance on local taxes, and competition between local jurisdictions, is suspected to be a major determinant of land take. The effect of many factors however remains relatively undocumented or controversial in the reviewed literature, including widely used policy instruments.

Xiang Peng, Deheng Xiao

This study adopted the double difference method to study the effect of open government data (OGD) on city green land-use efficiency (CGLUE). It was found that opening government data had a significant promotional effect on CGLUE, and a number of robustness tests were the foundation for this finding. A mechanism analysis demonstrated that two key avenues via which government data openness can promote CGLUE are raising public awareness of environmental issues and strengthening urban green innovation potential. A heterogeneity analysis found that the effect of government data openness on CGLUE was more obvious in eastern cities, cities with higher levels of digital finance, and non-resource-based cities. In addition, open government data also reduced urban carbon emissions while improving CGLUE, contributing to China’s “double carbon” goal.

V. Dale, Sandra A. Brown, R. Haeuber et al.