Reseña del libro Plutarch and his Contemporaries: Sharing the Roman Empire. Jażdżewska, Katarzyna & Doroszewski, Filip (eds.). Brill, Leiden-Boston, 2024.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc.
This article delves into the previously underexplored conceptualizations of history articulated in the initiatory homilies of late fourth-century Greek catechists Cyril of Jerusalem and John Chrysostom. Grounded in their interpretation of the (Judeo-)Christian tradition, both authors conceive history as a divine narrative, constituting a coherent “history of salvation”. Metaphorically, their historical understanding can be illustrated as a spatial entity characterized through geometric imagery. A systematic analysis of their catecheses reveals that, fundamentally, both authors maintain a linear perspective on history, emphasizing divine beginning in creation and continuing through the present toward an eschatological consummation. Nonetheless, Cyril introduces more nuanced models, including cyclical depictions, notably a four-staged vision of paradise intertwined with a spiral-like conception of history. Owing seemingly to their primary objective of guiding audiences toward robust engagement with the Christian tradition and ecclesial participation, both authors refrain from addressing themes that might provoke unwarranted speculation. By presenting these insights, this article offers a novel contribution to the scholarship on late fourth-century theology of history, concurrently paving the way for historiographical exploration in modern scholarship of late antique Christian sources.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the selected works of one of the twelfth century Norman historian living in the British Isles, Gerald de Barri of Wales (1146-1223) in terms of his knowledge of the Byzantine world and its correlation with the Normans (from England and Southern Italy). The term Byzantine world has been evolving for several decades. Today it refers no longer just to the land of the former East European Empire, which later transformed itself into the Greek Byzantium, but it can be referred to the Balkans or the Kingdom of Normandy, while scientists are constantly expanding its borders with the help of other sciences such as archeology. We will do this based on his work: De instructione principis, Topographia Hibernica, Expugnatio Hibernica, Itinerarium Cambriae and Descriptio Cambriae. Selected by Gerald of Wales the themes of the Byzantine and Norman kingdoms of Sicily, which appear in his five works cited above, are proof of the broad political horizons of the elites from British Isles that were associated with the Plantagenet dynasty. Gerald was never in Sicily, in Byzantium or in the Holy Land, but he had some source in sight, both in the form of eyewitness accounts of events and in the accounts of contemporary writers, which does not diminish the credibility of the data he cites. Better and more strongly, he was interested in the facts of the kingdom of Normans in Sicily than in Byzantium. Such a state of affairs seems to be understandable, as he saw in them both a political partner and, to some extent, a model to imitate, especially in the aspect of conducting politics against the conquered peoples.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
The household was an ideological battleground in antiquity. To ‘turn a man against his father’ was to challenge deeply held convictions about how society should be constituted. For a free man to raise children in his own image was understood – by Jews, Greeks, and Romans alike – as a right and even a duty. The household was the acknowledged nerve centre for the processes of social control and social reproduction.
Apart from a few treatises on the life of women in an extra-marital state and some short speeches about the dignity of Christian women, John Chrysostom did not engage in longer discourses about marriage. Chrysostom expressed himself most broadly on this subject in his commentary to „The First Letter to the Corinthians”. This and over a dozen other utterances by Chrysostom which I found in his writings allow us to suppose that his assessment of the value of the union between a believer and a non-believer is dictated by the realism of the epoch and not by pure dogma. Such a tone of teaching resonates with the moods of the Antioch community, which seethed with the luxuriant life of the most varied religious communities. Here, a non-believer was a partner also in marriage, hence the use of the „Pauline privilege” in order to remove such a one from a marriage would expose Christians to the accusation of a lack of tolerance at the very least. Knowing his community very well, John Chrysostom brings to the foreground the principle that a non-believer in a married couple is a problem between the non-believer and the Lord. Civil law does not make an impediment of this (such was the Roman tradition) and Canon law (the synods of the 4th century) should not make such impediments either. „Your partner’s relations with the Lord”, Chrysostom continually reminds us, „should not decide about the continuation or the dissolution of the marital union”. The „defence” of a spouse from outside the Christian politeia is also an opportunity to obtain new members of this community.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
Der Artikel behandlt Kult und Funktion byzantinischer Stadttorikonen und stutzt sich auf Quellentexte und die ikonographische Uberlieferung, wie zum Beispiel das Abbild des Christus Chalkites, das Mandylion, Darstellungen, die in Kontantinopel, Antiochia, Alexandria, und anderen Stadten der Orthodoxie verehrt wurden. Das angefuhrte Quellenmaterial belegt eindeutig das Vorhandensein von terartigen Ikonen schon fur die Halfte des 5. Jahrhunderts.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
Hasta ahora son pocas las evidencias arqueológicas que documentan los orígenes del cristianismo en Cieza. En realidad, sólo se ha documentado una lucerna. Los objetos con iconografía cristiana son escasos en el Imperio Romano de Occidente, y también en Híspanla, antes del «Edicto de Milán» en el 313. Ello fue debido a las persecuciones y a la escasez de comunidades cristianas que, incluso con posterioridad a esta fecha, en la primera mitad del siglo IV, formaban sólo pequeños grupos casi con exclusividad en las ciudades, mientras que en el medio rural, siempre más conservador en lo religioso, la casi totalidad de la población seguía los ritos paganos, más de acuerdo con el substrato politeísta indígena. Por el contrario los cristianos formaban mayoría, durante estas mismas fechas, en el Imperio de Oriente.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc.
Secondo l’opinione dell’autore dell’articolo, le lezioni di patrologia dovrebbero essere cosi tenute affinche non solo forniscano delle informazioni riguardanti la patristica.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
Vengono qui pubblicate le risposte manda - che e stata posta dalia Redazione ai professori di patrologia che insegnano nei seminari Maggiori in Polonia.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects
Una revisión de las fuentes manuscritas utilizadas por E. HÜBNER para su edición de la desaparecida inscripción CIL II 3037 demuestra que toda la información que se posee sobre ella es derivada de la autopsia efectuada por A. M. BURRIEL, colaborador de L. J. VELÁZQUEZ en el siglo XVIII, cuya ficha autógrafa permite recuperar la forma y las decoraciones del soporte de la inscripción y mejorar la lectura. Su descripción detallada del lugar de hallazgo, mal entendida por HÜBNER, la localiza en un punto preciso del extremo occidental de una de las necrópolis de
Complutum, al lado del puente del río Torote, por donde pasaría una hipotética vía romana en dirección oeste.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc.
Syria prima post Terram Sanctam Evangelium recepit. Ecclesia, quae hinc celeriter dilatabatur, indutura erat veterem hominem in hominem novum renatosque in baptismo similes Christo efficere.
Early Christian literature. Fathers of the Church, etc., Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects