Hasil untuk "Commercial geography. Economic geography"

STROIA (STRIAN)* ADINA-NICOLETA , VESA CLAUDIU DUMITRU, OLTEAN MARIA-DELIA

The rapid technological transformations of the last decade have profoundly reshaped the global financial ecosystem, leading to a transition from traditional financial services to innovative digital solutions. In this context, financial literacy takes on a new dimension, as people ought to have not as it were essential money related information but also specific digital skills in order to use emerging financial technologies responsibly. The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationship between financial literacy and new financial technologies, highlighting the need to adapt educational policies, financial inclusion strategies, and the regulatory framework to the challenges of the digital environment. Based on recent literature, the article proposes a series of action courses, such as integrating digital financial literacy into formal and non-formal education, conducting public education campaigns, certifying digital financial skills, and developing public-private partnerships to promote digital financial inclusion. The results of the analysis support the idea that monetary proficiency could be a deciding calculation in encouraging determining factors and facilitating secure and equitable access to emerging financial services and in reducing financial vulnerabilities in a digitized economy

Iman Babiker

  The accounting audit profession has undergone a significant transformation due to the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing techniques. This study reviews the recent literature (2020–2025) on the role of AI in developing auditing practices, focusing on five main areas: use cases and practical applications, AI’s impact on fraud detection and audit quality, operational efficiency and audit costs, governance, ethics and bias, and auditors’ readiness and auditability of AI systems. Findings indicate that AI enhances audit efficiency and effectiveness, improves fraud detection accuracy, and reshapes auditors’ roles toward analytical and strategic tasks. The study also highlights the importance of establishing ethical governance frameworks, data protection, minimizing algorithmic bias, and developing auditors’ skills to interact effectively with AI systems. However, the review reveals notable research gaps, particularly regarding small and medium-sized enterprises, auditors’ readiness, and the absence of comprehensive ethical governance standards. The study recommends adopting hybrid and advanced AI models, strengthening professional training for auditors, and promoting applied research in SMEs to ensure responsible and sustainable use of AI technologies in accounting auditing

BĂLAN ROBERT

This paper explores the role of social innovation as a catalyst for local economic development, with a particular focus on the South-West Oltenia region of Romania. Faced with structural economic challenges such as depopulation, low employment rates, and underutilized human capital, the region presents both urgent needs and untapped potential for bottom-up, socially driven solutions. Social innovation – defined as the development and implementation of new ideas to meet social needs and create new social relationships or collaborations – is increasingly recognized as a strategic tool for inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Through a review of relevant literature and a case-based analysis of community-led initiatives and social enterprises in the region, this study highlights the concrete ways in which social innovation contributes to local resilience: by fostering employment among vulnerable groups, revitalizing local services, and promoting civic engagement. Examples from Dolj and Gorj counties demonstrate how grassroots initiatives, often supported by EU funding or local partnerships, can generate both social value and economic returns. The findings suggest that social innovation is not only a tool for mitigating socio-economic disparities but also a driver for long-term regional competitiveness. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at strengthening the ecosystem for social innovation in South-West Oltenia and emphasizes the need for coordinated action among public authorities, civil society, and the private sector.

Sam Laskaris

- story on Cando EDO of the year winner James Stevens.

POPESCU ANCA, NEACȘU NICOLETA ANDREEA

This article delves into the transformative impact of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology within the textile and apparel industry, emphasizing its pivotal role in enhancing operational efficiencies, supply chain visibility, and inventory management. The advent of RFID technology marks a significant shift towards digitalization and datadriven decision-making in an industry characterized by rapid product cycles, diverse product ranges, and high demand for quality and sustainability. Utilizing a literature review, case studies, and empirical data, the research underscores RFID's potential to address the unique operational complexities of the fashion sector, facilitating improved accuracy, security, and operational agility. Furthermore, the paper explores RFID deployment's environmental and social implications, considering its role in promoting sustainable practices. This article offers valuable insights for academic researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers aiming to navigate the evolving landscape of fashion technology and its impact on global supply chains by providing a nuanced understanding of RFID technology's advantages, implementation challenges, and broader implications for sustainability and efficiency in the textile and apparel industry.

Ray Ann Rosos, Ana Liza M. Recto, Maria Hazel I. Bellezas et al.

Small-scale vegetable farming is relatively known to be the major source of income among villages residing in Cabintan, Ormoc, City Leyte. However, very few studies articulating women’s participation and role in small-scale vegetable farming are available in this area. The existing studies are mostly about aggregate production and farmers’ practices. This study aims to fill that gap by examining women’s involvement in farming activities and determine factors that influence their participation. A total of 146 women were randomly selected and interviewed. The women’s participation in small-scale vegetable farming was categorized as active or less active. Results show that more than eighty percent (83.7%) of the women respondents are considered active in farming activities while only around 15.6% are considered less active. Regarding farming activities, women are mostly involved in the marketing aspect but spend less time in land preparation. The multiple linear regression analysis shows land tenure influences women’s decision to participate in farming. In addition, women are more likely to be involved in farming if the husband is a farmer as well. This implies that government programs aiming to encourage women’s participation should also consider their husbands’ occupations. In addition, continued capacity-building programs were emphasized by women as essential in dealing with challenges in small-scale vegetable production.

Imene ZENNOUCHE, Abdelmadjid KEDDI

تعتبر سرعة دوران النقود من أكثر المتغيرات المستخدمة من قبل السلطات النقدية لوضع حد آمن للنمو النقدي وصياغة سياسة نقدية حذرة وبناء سوق نقدية فعالة، لذلك هناك قلق دائم لدى السلطات النقدية في  الحصول على معلومات واقعية حول المتغيرات الاقتصادية التي لها أثر على التغير في سرعة دوران النقود . انحصرت مشكلة هذه الدراسة في معرفة العوامل المحددة لسرعة دوران النقود في الجزائر خلال  الفترة 1980-2019 ومحاولة معرفة استجابة سرعة دو ران النقود للمتغيرات المختارة. تحقيقا لهذه الغاية؛  استخدمت الدراسة منهج الانحدار الذاتي للإبطاء الزمني الموزع  The velocity of money is one of the most narrowly watched variables by the monetary authority to estimate the safe limit of monetary growth and to formulate a carful monetary policy and to build an efficient money market, It is therefore a matter of concern for monetary authorities to have reliable information about macroeconomic variables that have impact on variation of velocity, The problem of this study is identifying the factors which determine the velocity of money in Algeria in the period (1980-2019) and trying to find out the response of the velocity of money to some of the selected variables. To this end, the study utilised the(ARDL)model.

CECILIA-IRINA RĂBONȚU, BABUCEA ANA-GABRIELA

The first medical activity privatized after 1990 was dentistry, and dentists were the first medical entrepreneurs in Romania. Today we are talking about a strong competitive market, a market in which we find ultra-performing clinics both in terms of logistics and that of doctors. When we talk today about health entrepreneurship, we are talking about an extremely vast field where we find doctors who run a business, a medical office, a pharmacy or managers who run a private clinic, a practice, a pharmacy, a laboratory, but also businesses with services related to the medical field (medical equipment, IT, medical insurance, marketing and medical training, etc.). The Romanian medical system, which is in full expansion, but marked by a multitude of acute problems to be solved, needs a strong private component. As the literature argues, private niche clinics and medical centers, either as an alternative to the exodus of health personnel or as a nursery of highly trained medical staff, contribute to increasing the quality of medical services and become an increasingly strong competitor of the state health system. In this paper want to present the state of entrepreneurship in the medical field in Romania, the variations of medical entrepreneurship, the stages of developing a business in the field of health, but also the most representative businesses in this field of activity that can be used as an example of good practice, referring of course to the current period which is extremely difficult but also profitable for the business environment in the medical field.

Éva Perpék, Ágnes Győri, György Lengyel

Abstract Although a great deal of research has been done on leadership styles, and university students have often been the subject of exploratory research in social sciences, the Full Range Leadership model has been applied to young people only in a few instances. In this article, the authors seek to survey the preferred leadership styles among Hungarian students and explore how they correlate with managerial and entrepreneurial inclination. A complex analysis of leadership style preferences of university students combined with their managerial and entrepreneurial inclination, social and cultural resources is rare in the research practice so far. The online questionnaire used in the research was completed by 335 university students studying economics, engineering and social studies both in Budapest and in the country. The questionnaire was completed by 335 university students. The results are exploratory and they amend the existing leadership typologies at some points. Based on the results of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire featuring 36 self-rating items, four distinct leadership styles emerged within the target group, representing the transformational, the supportive, the defensive, and the laissez-faire leadership types. The multivariate analysis has shown that while managerial inclination is related to the transformational style of leadership, entrepreneurial aspirations are associated with the transformational and supportive leadership styles.

Sam Laskaris

In 1995, the Cando Economic Developer of the Year Award was created to recognize and promote recent or long standing Indigenous economic development initiatives throughout Canada. Cando Economic Developer of the Year Award Winner Community Category Simpcw Resources Group Simpcw First Nation, British Columbia The Simpcw First Nation is proof that even a relatively small First Nation can achieve great things. Cando Economic Developer of the Year Award Winner Indigenous Private Sector Business Category Buck's Auto Parts Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg First Nation, Quebec Frank Buckshot is proof a lot of hard work can take one a long way. [...]one of his businesses, Buck's Auto Parts, took top

CHIRCULESCU MARIA FELICIA

In the paper, one of the objectives is to identify the factors that determine the size of Romania's cash budget deficit, because it is a matter of great interest. At present, although the existence of public sector deficits has been accepted, they are still a point of interest for both academia and decision-makers. Therefore, this paper joins the numerous studies, developed over time, both theoretically and empirically, which aimed at investigating the causes that influenced the size of budget deficits and their perpetuation. The analyzes made in the paper reveal that Romania, in the analyzed period, achieved the deficit target of less than 3% of GDP, especially through the elaboration and adoption of measures to limit expenditure. In the short term, the forecast for 2020 through the fiscal fiscal policy promoted is to reduce the cash budget deficit; so at the level of 2020, Romania's cash budget deficit will be -1.80% of GDP, from -2.88% of GDP in 2017.

Hang Xiong, Puqing Wang, Georgiy Bobashev

Abstract Peer effects in innovation adoption decisions have been extensively studied. However, the underlying mechanisms of peer effects are generally not explicitly accounted for. Gaps in this knowledge could lead to misestimation of peer effects and inefficient interventions. This study examined the role of two mechanisms—sharing experiences (namely, experience effect) and externalities—in the adoption of an agricultural innovation. By referring to the diffusion process of a new crop in Chinese villages, we developed a simulation model that incorporated experience effect and externality effect on a multiplex network. The model allowed us to estimate the influence of each specific effect and to investigate the interplay of the positive and negative directions of the effects. The main results of simulation experiments were the following: (1) a negative externality effect in the system caused the diffusion of innovation to vary around a middle-level rate, which resulted in a fluctuating diffusion curve rather than a commonly found S-shaped one; (2) in the case of full diffusion, experience effect significantly shaped the diffusion process at the early stage, while externality effect mattered more at the late stage; and (3) network properties (i.e. connectivity, transitivity, and network distance) imposed indirect influence on diffusion through specific peer effects. Overall, our study illustrated the need to understand specific causal mechanisms when studying peer effects. Simulation methods such as agent-based modelling provide an effective approach to facilitate such understanding.

VIOLETA GLIGOROVSKI, GJORGJI MANCHESKI, MARJAN ANGELESKI

Changes are an inseparable component of the company's life cycle and they can contribute to its essential growth in the future. The purpose of this paper is to explain managerial stress caused by implementation of changes and creating an adaptation model to decrease managerial stress. How much the manager will successfully lead the project for implementation of a change and how much they will manage to amortize stress among employees, mostly depends on their expertise, knowledge and skills to accurately and comprehensively inform and integrate the employees in the overall process. The adaptation model is actually a new approach and recommendation for managers for dealing with stress when the changes are implemented. Methodology. For this purpose, the data presented, in fact, were collected through a questionnaire that was submitted to 61 respondents/ managers. The data were measured using the Likert scale from 1 to 7. Namely, with the help of the Likert scale, quantification of stress was made in relation to the various variables that were identified as the most important for the researched issues. An adaption model (new approach) for amortizing changes was created using the DIA Diagram application, to show the relations between manager and the relevant amortization approaches.

Silviu CÂRSTINA, Maria Magdalena CRIVEANU

Modern studies regarding the employees’ degree of satisfaction in what the work environment is concerned reveal a strong connection between the leadership style practiced by the manager and the achievements and the enthusiasm shown by the employees. Therefore, specialists have noticed that the motivational factors don’t imply only material motivational factors, such as the salary, the work environment, but also a series of moral factors like the acknowledgement of one’s merits, the appreciation of the effort invested (for example, being promoted in the company can validate the employees’ competences) or the possibility that the employee has of organizing his/ her own activity. By this it is meant that the rigid and authoritarian figure of the leader should fade off, which on various occasions inhibits creativity or the employee’s power of making a decision, by having damaging aftermaths concerning the level of performance or the quality of the products. In this respect, the study aims at an evaluation within a private company, in order to establish the kind of relationship between the two cultural dimensions concerning the human resources, i. e. the organizational leadership and the management of employees.

MUSCALU EMANOIL, FALOBA VIORICA , HULPUŞ IOANA

At present, the world is in a phase of economic and social development, with many and varied features of the knowledge society based on science and education. The organization is defined not only by the products and / or services, but also the ability to communicate to its employees and management team. Continuous exchange of messages is the correlation factor that generates knowledge in the society and inside the organization to fulfill its mission and strategies. The purpose of this work is to identify the necessity of developing a platform which should provide the support for the organization and also for the specific activities developed inside the organization. Also, when developing such a system, there are few aspects that should be taken into consideration, according to the organization’s goals. Therefore the development of a platform by a higher educational institution could improve the communication inside the organization, could improve the management’s activity and also can provide access to knowledge for the students. Developing a judicial platform, for students, could provide possible solutions to problems like training and practice, or other problems emphasized by the law experts that recorded for example unreasonable deadlines given by the courts in insolvency and commercial cases in general, by improving internal and external communication and improving the quality of commercial law and not only.

Carles Riu-Bosoms, Laura Calvet‐Mir, V. Reyes‐García

K. Hamilton, S. Edwards, Faye Hammill et al.

CLAUDIA ELENA PAICU

The economic communication is more than a decade a point of interest due to the communication supports development and the diversity of information, on one hand, and due to the need for documentation and knowledge, both at the individual level and at the level of society, on the other hand. Thus the freedom into thinking and expression led to the development of communication activities and collecting them in a new vision. The process of communication has become, in a relatively short time, one of the engines of the economy, but also an integral part of what is meant to be today, the psycho-sociology of modern human societies. In this context, we propose an analysis of the communicative process that takes place in the economic environment, since the information and communication technology is, at present, a real factor in sustainable development. We start the analysis from the tight interdependence between the economic communication and the development of human culture as a basic factor for efficient management and for sustainable development overall.

D. Depellegrin, N. Blažauskas

BURJA CAMELIA

At the microeconomic level, the appreciation of the capitals’ profitability is a very complex action which is ofinterest for stakeholders. This study has as main purpose to extend the traditional analysis model for the capitals’profitability, based on the ratio “Return on capital employed”. In line with it the objectives of this work aim theidentification of factors that exert an influence on the capital’s profitability utilized by a company and the measurementof their contribution in the manifestation of the phenomenon. The proposed analysis model is validated on the use caseof a representative company from the agricultural sector. The results obtained reveal that in a company there are somefactors which can act positively on the capitals’ profitability: capital turnover, sales efficiency, increase the share ofsales in the total revenues, improvement of the expenses’ efficiency. The findings are useful both for the decisionmakingfactors in substantiating the economic strategies and for the capital owners who are interested in efficiency oftheir investments.