Hasil untuk "The Bible"

Soyoung Baik

From the winter of 2024 through the spring of 2025, public plazas in Seoul, particularly Yeouido and Gwanghwamun, became major sites of anti-martial law political mobilization. A striking feature of these protests was the visible leadership and participation of young women, who transformed civil resistance into a festive and affective form of collective action through cheering sticks and performative solidarity. The main driving force behind the political mobilization of young women was the increased influence of feminism after the “feminism reboot” in Korea since 2016. During the civil resistance, they were also active in solidarity with various minorities. The resistance was successful, and Korea has regained the order of a democratic society. However, young women who had experienced autonomous protest and mutual solidarity found themselves, upon returning to their everyday lives, still facing the remaining task of struggling against patriarchal cultures and institutions. Among them, Christian women confronted an even more inhospitable sphere—that of the Korean Protestant church, which remains largely constrained by patriarchal norms, a Christian–Confucian mixture. A representative example is the emphasis on “women’s calling” based on fundamentalist/sexist readings of the Bible. The huge gap between current social change and the church situation is reflected in the recent phenomenon of many young female Christians’ de-churching. In confronting the incongruous realities of young Christian women, this study seeks to provide an ethico-theological basis for a feminist reinterpretation of the Protestant concept of “calling”. After analyzing the social/existential topos of young Korean Christian women in the recent Korean context, this work considers a feminist reinterpretation of the “creation order” and “calling” in the process of an intersubjective dialog between the Bible and pre-patriarchal Korean cultural resources of “Mago-affiliated” myth, <i>Seolmundaehalmang</i> (the Great Grandmother Seolmun) narratives in particular. By providing sociological, ethical, and theological resources to construct new norms of “calling”, this research contributes to enabling young Christian women in Korea to overcome their existential fragmentation and to seek forms of women’s calling that are attuned to their historical moment and identity.

Roman Shvets

This article focuses on the approach to conflict resolution defended by Baptist theologian Glen H. Stassen. It first offers an overview of this important Baptist figure through his life story, which shows how his interest in peacemaking was formed under specific circumstances. Then attention is paid to Stassen’s engagement with the Bible and the foundation for his views on conflict resolution in the teachings of the Sermon on the Mount. There follows an analysis and evaluation of the efficacy of Stassen’s approach, where it is claimed that this approach can be applied in concrete situations. However the approach cannot be absolutized, given the complicated nature of conflicts, such as in particular the one happening in Ukraine.

Marius Nel

This article examines the traditional exclusive use of male language to describe God in classical Pentecostalism. This practice reinforces patriarchal structures and power dynamics, hinders women’s full participation in the church and limits believers’ understanding of God’s nature and attributes by excluding feminine qualities. Gender-based language for God dilutes or obscures the unique characteristics of the Divine. Worldwide, classical Pentecostals who use male pronouns for God view the Bible as the absolute authority for believers and their faith. To discuss the challenge and offer suggestions for overcoming it, it is necessary to first examine the hermeneutical presupposition that underlies it: the belief that the Bible literally represents God’s word or revelation. Addressing the divine gender challenge by defining God as genderless necessitates a reevaluation of hermeneutics, particularly as most of the Bible depicts God as male. However, by affirming divine transcendence and relationality, classical Pentecostals can challenge the traditional notion of divine maleness. This alternative hermeneutical perspective will allow Pentecostals to remain faithful to their biblical and historical foundations while presenting a more inclusive understanding of God that resonates with contemporary concerns. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The study utilises comparative literature research from the limited resources written by Pentecostals on the subject, alongside the extensive literature from other theological traditions. It analyses and compares religious texts and theological concepts across various historical, cultural and religious contexts. The research employs historical-critical, linguistic-literary and thematic analysis, as well as a study of intertextuality, examining the relationships between biblical texts.

Philip Church

Does Hebrews 8:5 claim that Israel’s earthly sanctuaries are ‘shadowy copies’ of a heavenly sanctuary, or do these sanctuaries anticipate an eschatological sanctuary where God will dwell with his people, as I have argued? Nicholas J. Moore has critiqued my reading of this verse on the grounds that reading the expression ὑπόδειγμα καὶ σκιά as ‘copy and shadow’ is lexically permissible, that the idea that Israel’s earthly sanctuaries are copies of the heavenly sanctuary is widespread in the Second Temple period, and that my reading involves an awkward switch between temple and tabernacle in Hebrews 8:5. This article argues that it cannot be demonstrated that ὑπόδειγμα can have the sense ‘copy’, that the idea of the temple as an anticipation of God’s eschatological dwelling with his people is present at Qumran in ways that are similar to what is found in Hebrews, and that my reading involves no awkward switch between tabernacle and temple in Hebrews 8:5. Ultimately, it can be shown that a temporal reading of ὑπόδειγμα καί σκιά in Hebrews 8:5 contributes more to its context than does a spatial reading.

Dariusz Lipiec

The aim of this article is to present how to build a community consisting of the sighted people and of the blind. Dom Bożego Narodzenia in Niepołomice in Poland is an example of such a community, as its members – the sighted people and the blind – form a community modelled on the family. The community was created out of the religious inspiration and its building is in accordance to the Christian values. In order to realise the aim of this article, the author interviewed 10 community members (both the sighted and the blind). The received answers were subjected to quality research. The article presents the teaching of the Catholic Church which concerns the community life of people with disabilities and those fully able-bodied. The next step was to present the characteristics of the residents of the nursing home in Niepołomice. Building the community was presented in two dimensions: vertical and horizontal. The vertical dimension is connected with creating the community with God, and it is inspired by the Christian values in building the family relations. The horizontal dimension is connected with building the human community in its everyday life and in celebrating. Contribution: The research undertaken on the community well-being of people with visual disabilities has shown that such people are able to participate subjectively in building a home community similar to a family with sighted people.

Nathan Ron

The article points out that Cusanus scholars tend to celebrate their subject as a proponent of ‘interreligious dialogue.’ Preoccupied with Cusanus’ irenic and much-praised dialogue On the Peace of the Faith (De Pace Fidei, 1453), they either ignore or belittle significant issues, such as Cusanus’ active engagement in preparations for a crusade, the harsh polemical Scrutiny of the Qur’an (Cribratio Alkorani, 1461), which rejects the prophethood of Mohammad, and the harsh expressions against Mohammad in Cusanus’ sermons. The author’s thesis is that scholars employ filters that establish their agenda by devaluing or wiping away entirely anything not in line with On the Peace of the Faith; they defend and cultivate the prevalent narrative and their hero’s received image. In this paper, Nathan Ron exposes this unacceptable phenomenon and condemns it.

Favour C. Uroko, Solomon Enobong

This article examined the warning against evil companions in Proverbs 1:8–19 and the role of the church in addressing the involvement of Tiv youths in crime in Benue State and its implications for actions. Wicked people were zealous in seducing others into the paths of destruction. Would young people shun temporal and eternal ruin? This was the reason for Solomon’s instruction in Proverbs 1:8–19. He admonished his son with the caption ‘hear,’ which presented the son with a choice. However, Solomon implored the child to refuse to take any step in destructive paths of evildoers. The persuasive nature of the pericope was important in addressing the growing crime rate amongst Tiv youths in Benue State. Most youths in Tiv communities were being enticed into joining criminal gangs, secret cults and rituals in order to make quick wealth. Unfortunately, the number of youths in these immoral acts such as YahooYahoo amongst Tiv youths kept on increasing in the midst of the growing number of churches in most Tiv societies. Rhetoric analysis was used as the methodology. As part of recommendations, parents should instruct, discipline and stop their children from engaging in acts that lead to death. The youths should also avoid evil companions to avoid falling into trouble. Contribution: Youths are the leaders of tomorrow, which makes admonition to youths a necessity for the growth of the Tiv Society. Proverbs 1:8–19 provides roadmaps that Tiv leaders and the church could adopt in preserving morality among Tiv youths.

Agus Ahmad Safei

The rise of religious conservatism following the 1998 reformasi has altered the face of Indonesian Islam, which has historically been regarded as peaceful and inclusive, which is why the Indonesian government has advocated for moderate Islam on a regional, national and even a global scale. Using West Java as a case study, this article presents the 2019 ‘English for Ulama’ (EFU) initiative, which intends to train ulama in West Java about the concept of moderate Islam before sending them to the United Kingdom to promote moderate Islamic discourse in a global setting. This study demonstrates that the EFU programme is a strategic project that not only benefits West Javanese ulama regionally, where they may develop networks with other Muslims on a worldwide scale, but also benefits from the national development of moderate Islamic discourse. On a global scale, this programme is one of the best examples of moderate Islamic discourse diplomacy as the nature of Indonesian Islam. Furthermore, supporting moderate Islam on a worldwide scale is likely to influence Western society’s view of Islamophobia. Contribution: Although the EFU programme is a local government initiative, it has contributed to the promotion of moderate Islam at the world level and is framed as global diplomacy.

Wilhelm J. Wessels

Jeremiah 18:1–12 is a favourite passage often quoted and preached from pulpits. This prose passage however is much more complicated than taken at the face level. A one-dimensional reading misses the intricacies of these verses. The potter scene in verses 1–4 has its first application in verses 5–6 and again in verses 11–12. It is a question how verses 7–10 relate to the other sections in this narrative. The argument presented in this article is that verses 18:7–10 present a different theological viewpoint and serves to clarify what is to be understood what שׁוב in verse 4 implies in real terms. This illustrates that the biblical text is organic and not static, and shows instances of ongoing interpretation within the text itself. Contribution: This article offers original research in the field of biblical studies, more specifically in the field of the Old Testament. This is in line with the scope of HTS Theological Studies. The article aims at indicating that detail textual analysis reveals the complexity of the text tradition we are dealing with.

Terence Mupangwa, Sophia Chirongoma

The focus of this article is to highlight some of the inherent gender injustices experienced by the female pastors within the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe (AFMZ). Drawing insights from the field research conducted in pursuance of a doctoral programme, the study foregrounds some of the barriers that women have had to endure when it comes to the issue of being ordained as a pastor. The article also interrogates the reasons used as a basis to exclude female pastors from the key decision-making bodies and to deny them the opportunity to preach at the national conference, which is the biggest gathering within the AFMZ. This is a qualitative study utilising interviews, focus group discussions and the observation method. The main findings emerging from this study reveal that whilst some positive changes have been made towards the inclusion of women in the pastoral ministry, however, there are still many gaps needing urgent attention before the AFMZ becomes a gender-inclusive and gender-equitable faith community. Contribution: This article foregrounds the challenges faced by female pastors in the AFMZ. It advocates for gender mainstreaming and gender inclusive policies in the AFMZ leadership structures. This is in sync with the focus of this collection, for which the main thrust is on women and religious leadership.

Michele dos Santos Dias, Renato Kirchner

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a escultura de Nossa Senhora da Piedade localizada em Caeté, MG, sua origem e contexto histórico. Para isso, será apresentada a conjuntura em que foi produzida a escultura, tema de inspiração da obra, estilo artístico e a importância no campo religioso deste importante Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico tombado pelo IPHAN. Para atingir este objetivo, serão tomados como base dois importantes estudos sobre a obra e o santuário: "A Serra e o Santuário Nossa Senhora da Piedade: uma herança setecentista das Minas do Ouro", de José Carlos Vargens Tambasco e "O Aleijadinho na Serra da Piedade", de Edmundo Fontenelle.

D. McIlwain

Leo Strauss’s grand theme, the theological-political problem, has its basis in the predicament of being a philosopher in a political society. As a Jew and a philosopher, Strauss also faced the entanglement of Judaism and German philosophy culminating in Heidegger’s historicism. These related challenges prompted Strauss’s recognition of the first steps for philosophy in a global epoch. Strauss reinterpreted Heidegger’s religious anticipation of a “meeting of East and West” as a philosophical re-encounter with the Bible as “the East within us.” Whereas the Bible challenges the rationality of the philosophical way of life, this “Bible as Eastern” challenges rationalism itself.

Zbigniew Kubacki

W dokumencie Kongregacji Nauki Wiary „Instrukcja o powołaniu teologa w Kościele” omówiono problem kościelnej misji teologa katolickiego oraz jego relacji do Urzędu Nauczycielskiego Kościoła. Dokument uznaje, że „nawet wtedy, gdy współpraca przebiega w najlepszych warunkach, nie można wykluczyć pojawienia się napięć między teologiem a Urzędem Nauczycielskim” (nr 25). Przykładem takich napięć jest historia dwóch współczesnych teologów katolickich: ks. Petera Phana z diecezji w Dallas w USA oraz o. Jacques’a Dupuis, jezuity, wykładowcy Uniwersytetu Gregoriańskiego w Rzymie. W pierwszej części artykułu omówione zostały historie relacji tych teologów z Urzędem Nauczycielskim Kościoła. W części drugiej przedstawiono ich nauczanie w kwestii pluralizmu religijnego, o którego wyjaśnienie zostali poproszeni przez Urząd Nauczycielski. Teza artykułu zawarta jest w stwierdzeniu, że relację teologa katolickiego do Urzędu Nauczycielskiego Kościoła powinny cechować odwaga i pokora. Obaj teolodzy cechują się taką odwagą, ale potrzebna jest także pokora w prowadzonym dialogu z Urzędem Nauczycielskim Kościoła.

Michelle A. Stinson

ATLAS Collaboration

This Letter presents a search for new light resonances decaying to pairs of quarks and produced in association with a high-$p_{\textrm{T}}$ photon or jet. The dataset consists of proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Resonance candidates are identified as massive large-radius jets with substructure consistent with a particle decaying into a quark pair. The mass spectrum of the candidates is examined for local excesses above background. No evidence of a new resonance is observed in the data, which are used to exclude the production of a lepto-phobic axial-vector $Z^\prime$ boson.

CMS Collaboration

A search for dark matter is conducted in events with large missing transverse momentum and a hadronically decaying, Lorentz-boosted top quark. This study is performed using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, in data recorded by the CMS detector in 2016 at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{-1}$. New substructure techniques, including the novel use of energy correlation functions, are utilized to identify the decay products of the top quark. With no significant deviations observed from predictions of the standard model, limits are placed on the production of new heavy bosons coupling to dark matter particles. For a scenario with purely vector-like or purely axial-vector-like flavor changing neutral currents, mediator masses between 0.20 and 1.75 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, given a sufficiently small dark matter mass. Scalar resonances decaying into a top quark and a dark matter fermion are excluded for masses below 3.4 TeV, assuming a dark matter mass of 100 GeV.

ATLAS Collaboration

Measurements are made of differential cross-sections of highly boosted pair-produced top quarks as a function of top-quark and $t\bar{t}$ system kinematic observables using proton--proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $36.1$ fb$^{-1}$, recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events with two large-radius jets in the final state, one with transverse momentum $p_{\rm T} > 500$ GeV and a second with $p_{\rm T}>350$ GeV, are used for the measurement. The top-quark candidates are separated from the multijet background using jet substructure information and association with a $b$-tagged jet. The measured spectra are corrected for detector effects to a particle-level fiducial phase space and a parton-level limited phase space, and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations by means of calculated $χ^2$ values. The cross-section for $t\bar{t}$ production in the fiducial phase-space region is $292 \pm 7 \ \rm{(stat)} \pm 76 \rm{(syst)}$ fb, to be compared to the theoretical prediction of $384 \pm 36$ fb.

CMS Collaboration

A search is presented for new high-mass resonances decaying into electron or muon pairs. The search uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{-1}$. Observations are in agreement with standard model expectations. Upper limits on the product of a new resonance production cross section and branching fraction to dileptons are calculated in a model-independent manner. This permits the interpretation of the limits in models predicting a narrow dielectron or dimuon resonance. A scan of different intrinsic width hypotheses is performed. Limits are set on the masses of various hypothetical particles. For the Z$'_\mathrm{SSM}$ (Z$'_ψ$) particle, which arises in the sequential standard model (superstring-inspired model), a lower mass limit of 4.50 (3.90) TeV is set at 95% confidence level. The lightest Kaluza-Klein graviton arising in the Randall-Sundrum model of extra dimensions, with coupling parameters $k/\overline{M}_\mathrm{Pl}$ of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10, is excluded at 95% confidence level below 2.10, 3.65, and 4.25 TeV, respectively. In a simplified model of dark matter production via a vector or axial vector mediator, limits at 95% confidence level are obtained on the masses of the dark matter particle and its mediator.

CMS Collaboration

A search is presented for additional neutral Higgs bosons in the $ττ$ final state in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The search is performed in the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM), using the data collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. To enhance the sensitivity to neutral MSSM Higgs bosons, the search includes production of the Higgs boson in association with b quarks. No significant deviation above the expected background is observed. Model-independent limits at 95% confidence level (CL) are set on the product of the branching fraction for the decay into $τ$ leptons and the cross section for the production via gluon fusion or in association with b quarks. These limits range from 18 pb at 90 GeV to 3.5 fb at 3.2 TeV for gluon fusion and from 15 pb (at 90 GeV) to 2.5 fb (at 3.2 TeV) for production in association with b quarks, assuming a narrow width resonance. In the m$_{\text{h}}^{\text{mod+}}$ scenario these limits translate into a 95% CL exclusion of $\tanβ>$ 6 for neutral Higgs boson masses below 250 GeV, where $\tanβ$ is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the neutral components of the two Higgs doublets. The 95% CL exclusion contour reaches 1.6 TeV for $\tanβ=$ 60.

CMS Collaboration

Results of a search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a top quark pair ($\mathrm{t\overline{t}}$H) in final states with electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying $τ$ leptons are presented. The analyzed data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ recorded in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV by the CMS experiment in 2016. The sensitivity of the search is improved by using matrix element and machine learning methods to separate the signal from backgrounds. The measured signal rate amounts to 1.23 $^{+0.45}_{-0.43}$ times the production rate expected in the standard model, with an observed (expected) significance of 3.2$σ$ (2.8$σ$), which represents evidence for $\mathrm{t\overline{t}}$H production in those final states. An upper limit on the signal rate of 2.1 times the standard model production rate is set at 95% confidence level.