Hasil untuk "Information theory"

R. Ryckman

M. Harris, A. Raviv

M. Markus

S. Laughlin

Abstract The contrast-response function of a class of first order intemeurons in the fly's compound eye approximates to the cumulative probability distribution of contrast levels in natural scenes. Elementary information theory shows that this matching enables the neurons to encode contrast fluctuations most efficiently.

A. Treves, E. Rolls

Elena Karahanna, D. Straub

C. Brewin, E. Holmes

C. Berge

D. Dubois, H. Prade

M. Driscoll

M. Marcus, H. Minc

G. Rozenberg, A. Salomaa

The paper gives a survey of the different areas of the theory of developmental systems and languages. It is organized in such a way that it discusses typical results obtained in each particular problem area. The results quoted may not always be the most important ones but they are quite representative for the direction of research in this theory. Proofs are not given and, consequently, the basic techniques for solving problems in this theory are not discussed. An attempt has been made to cover also the most recent results. Most of the results have not yet appeared in print. To appear in J. Tou (ed. ), Advances in Information Systems Science, Plenum Press.

M. Aronoff

J. King, V. Gurbaxani, K. Kraemer et al.

R. Zamir, S. Shamai, U. Erez

D. Robey, Marie-Claude Boudreau

Ha Nguyen Son, Hai Phan Thanh

Type of the article: Research Article This study examines whether knowledge management practices in commercial banks influence employees’ knowledge of environmental law, providing empirical evidence from Vietnam’s banking sector as an emerging Asian economy. Data were collected from 568 employees across 35 Vietnamese commercial banks in the first quarter of 2025, and the hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that all three knowledge management components (information-sharing systems, a learning-oriented organizational culture, and training and skill development) have positive effects on both work motivation and perceived organizational support. Information-sharing systems exert a strong influence on organizational support (β = 0.188) and work motivation (β = 0.207), while a learning-oriented culture significantly enhances organizational support (β = 0.204) and work motivation (β = 0.165). Training and skill development show the strongest effects on work motivation (β = 0.240) and organizational support (β = 0.185). In turn, work motivation and organizational support directly and positively affect employees’ environmental law knowledge (β = 0.343 and β = 0.363, respectively). Moreover, both variables significantly mediate the relationships between KM components and environmental law knowledge. These findings underscore the relevance of social exchange theory in explaining how effective knowledge management practices enhance employees’ legal knowledge, thereby contributing to more sustainable organizational development. Accordingly, practical implications are proposed for bank managers to strengthen knowledge management implementation. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank the Editor-in Chief and a reviewer for their helpful comments that in our view have helped to improve the quality of the manuscript significantly. Beside, this study is the result of collaboration between researchers from the University of Law, Hue University, and School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University. The authors would like to thank both institutions for their support and facilitation in the publication of this research.

J. Dambre, D. Verstraeten, B. Schrauwen et al.

Many dynamical systems, both natural and artificial, are stimulated by time dependent external signals, somehow processing the information contained therein. We demonstrate how to quantify the different modes in which information can be processed by such systems and combine them to define the computational capacity of a dynamical system. This is bounded by the number of linearly independent state variables of the dynamical system, equaling it if the system obeys the fading memory condition. It can be interpreted as the total number of linearly independent functions of its stimuli the system can compute. Our theory combines concepts from machine learning (reservoir computing), system modeling, stochastic processes and functional analysis. We illustrate our theory by numerical simulations for the logistic map, a recurrent neural network and a two-dimensional reaction diffusion system, uncovering universal trade-offs between the non-linearity of the computation and the system's short-term memory.

Marie S. Bauer, Julia Gachot, Matthias Kerzel et al.

Within the context of human-robot interaction (HRI), Theory of Mind (ToM) is intended to serve as a user-friendly backend to the interface of robotic systems, enabling robots to infer and respond to human mental states. When integrated into robots, ToM allows them to adapt their internal models to users' behaviors, enhancing the interpretability and predictability of their actions. Similarly, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to make AI systems transparent and interpretable, allowing humans to understand and interact with them effectively. Since ToM in HRI serves related purposes, we propose to consider ToM as a form of XAI and evaluate it through the eValuation XAI (VXAI) framework and its seven desiderata. This paper identifies a critical gap in the application of ToM within HRI, as existing methods rarely assess the extent to which explanations correspond to the robot's actual internal reasoning. To address this limitation, we propose to integrate ToM within XAI frameworks. By embedding ToM principles inside XAI, we argue for a shift in perspective, as current XAI research focuses predominantly on the AI system itself and often lacks user-centered explanations. Incorporating ToM would enable a change in focus, prioritizing the user's informational needs and perspective.

Calum Hughes, Adrian Miranda

We give an elementary description of $2$-categories $\mathbf{Cat}\left(\mathcal{E}\right)$ of internal categories, functors and natural transformations, where $\mathcal{E}$ is a category modelling Lawvere's elementary theory of the category of sets (ETCS). This extends Bourke's characterisation of $2$-categories $\mathbf{Cat}\left(\mathcal{E}\right)$ where $\mathcal{E}$ has pullbacks to take account for the extra properties in ETCS, and Lawvere's characterisation of the (one dimensional) category of small categories to take account of the two-dimensional structure. Important two-dimensional concepts which we introduce include $2$-well-pointedness, full-subobject classifiers, and the categorified axiom of choice. Along the way, we show how generating families (resp. orthogonal factorisation systems) on $\mathcal{E}$ give rise to generating families (resp. orthogonal factorisation systems) on $\mathbf{Cat}\left(\mathcal{E}\right)_{1}$, results which we believe are of independent interest.