Hasil untuk "History of Spain"

Sofía Rodríguez Serrador

A finales del siglo XIX aumentó en España el interés de diferentes sectores por instituir una verdadera ley de divorcio. Una demanda que se abordó también en el marco de la cuestión femenina, en un diálogo abierto sobre los derechos sociales, civiles y políticos de las mujeres. En el primer tercio del siglo XX, la polémica sobre el divorcio se intensificó y la defensa de su regulación se abanderó nuevamente desde el feminismo. Con la proclamación de la Segunda República, que favoreció una mayor implicación política de las mujeres, la movilización femenina a favor y en contra del divorcio se multiplicó. Antes incluso de iniciarse los debates constitucionales, diferentes agrupaciones feministas reclamaron, por medio de diferentes acciones, la promulgación de una ley de divorcio. A su vez, las mujeres católicas militantes se manifestaron en contra. Una vez aprobada la Ley de Divorcio en 1932, no cesó la movilización femenina, que, ya desde el campo del conservadurismo, reclamó hasta el final del quinquenio republicano la derogación de la norma. 

Adrián García Torres, Cayetano Mas Galvañ

Juana Sánchez-Gey Venegas

Manuel García Morente, a Spanish philosopher of the 20th century, well-known Kantian scholar and convinced agnostic, narrates in a work entitled El hecho extraordinario his experience of conversion to Christianity and, even more, his priestly vocation. Thus, the professor of ethics and dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of Madrid explains the experience of God in his life, the previous argumentation about the existence of God, through the understanding of the concepts of determinism and providence and, in a special way, the event that marked his personal life that April night in Paris.

Cristina Rius, Andrea Sixto-Costoya, Rut Lucas-Domínguez et al.

Objectives: Research in cardiac pathologies has historically been affected by gender bias in clinical manifestations, risk factors, and clinical trials, evidencing the fundamental need to integrate gender equality. The aim of this study is to analyze research on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and gender equality, starting from 2015 when the sustainable development goals (SDGs) were established. The U.S. National Institutes of Health also urged the inclusion of sex as a biological variable in the research that underpins it. Materials and Methods: International scientific production between 2015 and 2021 was evaluated using the Web of Science Citation Index-Expanded database, going deeper into the most prevalent pathophysiology and therapeutics that contribute to sex/gender-specific differences in cardiovascular (CV) research. Results: A total of 288 out of the 848,178 original articles in cardiology dealt with gender equality (CV-SDG-5), with the USA being the main contributor. In the CV publications that integrate gender equality, the main thematic category was “public, environmental, and occupational health.” The main pathologies highlighted were “hypertension,” “diabetes mellitus,” “stroke,” and “myocardial infarction,” and the predominant CV treatments were “hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors” and “hypolipidemic agents.” Conclusions: Despite the efforts promoted by the 2030 Agenda and numerous public/private institutions promoting gender equality (SDG-5), only 0.03% of published CV research considers gender equality. This study highlights the importance of encouraging researchers to include sex and gender variables in their studies, and of increasing the commitment of public and/or private health research decision-makers to promote research that includes gender equality in its outcomes, in order to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CVD regardless of patient sex/gender.

Mònica Güell

The historical upheavals of Catalonia in the 20th century left their mark on Catalan intellectuals and artists, who committed themselves, with pens or brushes, to defend an identity that had been muzzled and trampled underfoot by forty years of Francoism. In the last third of the twentieth century, at the heart of the years of revolt, the poetic work of Joan Brossa (1919-1998) is from start to finish a defence and illustration of the Catalan language and identity. Two other committed poets and artists, Catalans to the core, from a generation after Brossa’s, are studied here: Enric Casasses (born in 1951) and Perejaume (born in 1957). Beyond the differences, we propose to highlight the artistic and ideological confluences between them, through the analysis of texts that pay tribute to the Catalan language, the arts, the territory and land, and to the creative genius of Gaudí, Jujol or Miró.

Ángela Martín-Gutiérrez, Elisabet Montoro-Fernández, Ana Dominguez-Quintero

In recent decades, youth unemployment has been the focus of attention of international and community bodies in the area of social rights. Specifically, there is a need to promote attitudes and skills to access employment, decent work, and entrepreneurship. The measures implemented have not been effective. In 2023, Spain had the highest youth unemployment rate in the European Union (29.6%). An improvement in the level and quality of education and training of young people would reduce their level of unemployment. Entrepreneurship education is, therefore, a necessary value in the society of the 21st century since it is a tool for the development and growth of the younger population. In the entrepreneurship education model proposed in this study for adolescents, we focus on the capacities of self-efficacy and personal initiative as precursors of entrepreneurial behavior. This paper analyzes the differences between the mean values of the variables before and after the implementation of the educational program and the influence or correlation between the variables. The main results are threefold: (i) the educational program implemented improves the mean values of the two variables analyzed; (ii) self-efficacy exerts a positive or direct influence on personal initiative, and (iii) the educational program improves or reinforces the positive influence of self-efficacy on personal initiative.

Miguel Fernando Gómez Vozmediano

El autor traza la biografía de Cristóbal Villalba, coronel de las tropas que conquistaron Navarra en 1512. A través de documentación de diversos archivos, sigue sus pasos previos por Italia, Grecia y España. Estudia la documentación que recibió de Fernando el Católico y el cardenal Cisneros y nos desvela la historia de sus fondos personales y familiares hasta llegar a manos de los condes de Luque, así como su ingreso definitivo en el Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza.

Javier Campillo Galmés

The article adresses the constitution and development of the Exile collection of the library of the Instituto Cervantes of Toulouse from its inauguration in 1996 to the present day. The historical and demographic ties that have linked the city of Toulouse with Spain, markedly accentuated since the Republican exodus of 1939, are mentioned. The most interesting sections that make up the Exile collection are reviewed, with special attention to the publications of the Librairie des Éditions Espagnoles de Toulouse, to its literary collection La Novela Española, as well as to the different collections of short novels and the main titles of periodicals of the republican exile in France preserved in the library.

Sergio Fernández López

La Bible de Ferrare est un phénomène pratiquement unique dans l'Europe de la Renaissance. Son utilisation parmi les communautés séfarades et les noyaux crypto-juifs qui avaient oublié l'hébreu, mais qui conservaient leur ancienne religion, a fait de cette traduction un élément fondamental de réjudaïsation. Par conséquent, la version Ferrarense utilise de nombreuses stratégies de persuasion - en commençant par le frontispice- et son exégèse s'écarte fréquemment des interprétations christologiques, mariologiques ou prophétiques caractéristiques du christianisme.

Elsa Caula

The present article analyses the complexity of political and diplomatic relationships of Iberic monarchies between the Portuguese invasion to the oriental province, and the events which sealed the  swearing of the Cadiz constitution by Fernando VII, during the critical Rioplatense political environment, which continued on the return of the Casa de Braganza to Portugal. It studies the management developed by the representative of the Spanish legation to Rio de Janeiro, the count of casa Flórez, in order to create an espionage propaganda net, whose aim it was to wait for the arrival of the Reconquest Great Expedition in order to put an end to the independence of the Provincias Unidas of the South, identifying their participants and their interventions. It provides evidence on phenomena and situations that highlight the need to study the independence history of the Iberic monarchies without borders.

Soizic Escurignan

Cette communication entend étudier le rôle de l’amour politique dans l’argumentaire historiographique et surtout politique de la Estoria de España d’Alphonse X le Sage, notamment dans la partie consacrée à l’époque romaine. L’affection qui unit celui qui commande ou dirige et son « vassal » semble être en effet un motif récurrent dans le récit de la conquête de la péninsule Ibérique par Rome. L’analyse de ce motif devrait permettre de voir dans quelle mesure l’amour politique a pu être utilisé comme un argument du discours historiographique par le Roi Sage, discours adressé à des nobles le plus souvent rebelles à son autorité.

Pedro Ribet

María C. R. de Monteagudo

María Pandiello

Le manuscrit Ms. 1 Azul de l'Academia das Ciências implique un programme iconographique qui se définit, entre autres, par sa singularité artistique dans le contexte péninsulaire ainsi que par ses liens avec le texte. Dans le présent travail, nous ferons l'ébauche de quelques aspects formels des miniatures qui nous permettront de les mettre en relation avec des expériences artistiques d'autres cours européennes. Nous analyserons en outre des cas de liens entre texte et image en mettant l'accent sur certains discours qu'on a voulu imprimer dans ce cycle d'images ; nous prétendons ainsi proposer un axe de recherche qui permette d'identifier le propriétaire ou la propriétaire de ce manuscrit.

Iván Márquez-Rodas, Manuel Martín González, Eduardo Nagore et al.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Familial history of melanoma is a well-known risk factor for the disease, and 7% melanoma patients were reported to have a family history of melanoma. Data relating to the frequency and clinical and pathological characteristics of both familial and non-familial melanoma in Spain have been published, but these only include patients from specific areas of Spain and do not represent the data for the whole of Spain.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>An observational study conducted by the Spanish Group of Melanoma (GEM) analyzed the family history of patients diagnosed with melanoma between 2011 and 2013 in the dermatology and oncology departments.<h4>Results</h4>In all, 1047 patients were analyzed, and 69 (6.6%) fulfilled criteria for classical familial melanoma (two or more first-degree relatives diagnosed with melanoma). Taking into account other risk factors for familial melanoma, such as multiple melanoma, pancreatic cancer in the family or second-degree relatives with melanoma, the number of patients fulfilling the criteria increased to 165 (15.8%). Using a univariate analysis, we determined that a Breslow index of less than 1 mm, negative mitosis, multiple melanoma, and a history of sunburns in childhood were more frequent in familial melanoma patients, but a multivariate analysis revealed no differences in any pathological or clinical factor between the two groups.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Similar to that observed in other countries, familial melanoma accounts for 6.6% of melanoma diagnoses in Spain. Although no differences in the multivariate analysis were found, some better prognosis factors, such as Breslow index, seem more frequent in familial melanoma, which reflect a better early detection marker and/or a different biological behavior.

Sin autor

Sin resumen

María Cacheda Pérez

No Disponible

María del Carmen Carlé

María Barceló Crespí

Sin resumen

Óscar Villarroel González

Sin resumen