Hasil untuk "Vocational guidance. Career development"

Steven D. Brown, R. Lent

Alí Chaves-Jiménez

Objective: The results of the fourth objective of the research on the care of transgender adolescents in secondary school are presented. This objective seeks to identify the main strengths and challenges of the Counseling professional in caring for transgender students. Methodology: The research was based on the naturalistic paradigm, using a qualitative approach and the phenomenological method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants to collect the information (two counselors, two trans and cisgender students, one parent of the trans student, and two teachers). The analysis was conducted through triangulation between the interviews, theory, and guiding criteria, utilizing categorization and open coding to group the units of meaning into two analytical categories: strengths and challenges in the counseling intervention. Results: Respect, empathy, assertiveness, and confidentiality were identified as strengths. Regarding challenges, a lack of training on sexual diversity and tools for serving trans students was noted. Conclusions: The purpose emphasizes the need to enhance professional development and training on topics related to sexual diversity and inclusive sexuality education models. It also highlights the importance of inter-institutional coordination to strengthen care for transgender people in secondary school. A human rights-based approach and ongoing professional development are recommended to ensure safe educational environments for transgender people in their identity development.

Danielle P Wingrove

PURPOSE Dental faculty enter academia, after a career in practice or directly from school, without any formal education training. Faculty development programs have been designed based on survey needs assessments, but not on in-depth descriptions of junior faculty transition experiences. The purpose of this research project is to describe the transition experiences of dental faculty from clinician to educator within the last 5 years. METHODS A qualitative multiple case study approach from an emic perspective was used. An emic approach is an analysis from the perspective of one who participates in the group being studied. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 junior dental faculty. Thematic analysis identified common themes in the data through the lens of the social cognitive career theory. RESULTS Three salient themes were extracted from the data: guidance, job satisfaction, and motivating factors. Guidance was the main theme with participants revealing their need for more formal preparation regarding teaching, formal mentorship, and career progression goals. Participants find academia highly rewarding, and a unique finding was that physical injury was a major factor to entering academia. CONCLUSION This study reveals that junior dental faculty members feel unprepared for their teaching role and highlights the benefits of mentorship in helping them develop their vocational goals and advance their careers. This study illuminates why clinicians choose to leave clinical practice, the preparation they receive, the areas in which they feel unprepared, and how they develop their teaching skills. These insights can help academic institutions better support their faculty and improve student learning outcomes.

A. Fedchenko, L. I. Borisova

The article is devoted to the analysis of Russian-Tajik cooperation in the field of education and summarizing the results of research by Russian and foreign scientists to form a position confirming the importance of integrating the activities of educational organizations, which is a prerequisite for increasing human potential as the basic component of the socio-economic development of society. A set of measures focused on the development of the Russian-Tajik (Slavic) University was proposed, a vector of Russian-Tajik cooperation in the field of education was formed.Aim. Based on the study of many years of experience in interaction in the field of education between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan and the features of the new economic reality, identify the most adequate forms of international cooperation, justifying the vector of their transformation.Tasks. Study the origins of the formation and analyze the reality of scientific and educational interaction between Russia and Tajikistan. Summarize and evaluate the experience of cooperation between the Russian-Tajik (Slavic) University and Russian universities. Justify the most adequate forms of international cooperation in the field of education and identify the vector of their further development in the Republic of Tajikistan.Methods. The study applied: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparisons and grouping, evolutionary and historical approaches.Results. The study showed that Russian-Tajik cooperation in the field of education has deep roots based on a long-term legislative framework, which makes it possible to really assess the existing relations between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan and identify the prospects for their development. The generalization and adaptation of the existing experience made it possible to form reasoned positions that contribute to improving the scientific and educational level and improving the professional competencies of the trained staff, which is aimed at the socio-economic development of the two friendly countries. The study made it possible to form the following elements of scientific novelty and practical significance. Theoretical novelty consists in justifying the need to integrate the activities of educational organizations and allocating the organizational structure of an educational organization by type of organization based on knowledge as preferable in an unstable socio-economic environment. Practical significance lies in the fact that a set of measures focused on the development of RTSU is proposed and a vector for the development of educational organizations is formed in the context of their international integration.Conclusions. Scientific and educational cooperation: between Russia and Tajikistan is mutually beneficial for each of the parties. Assessment of the current situation and justification of proposals for the further development of relations between these countries made it possible to identify the vector of their transformations. For Russia and Tajikistan, the connection of education with the changes taking place in each of the countries is important. Since these changes are dynamic, continuous vocational education should play a significant role. For more effective implementation of continuing vocational education, work on career guidance is necessary, which is well combined with a dual education system that provides for close cooperation with companies, as well as the development of additional vocational education that actively responds to changes in the labor market. Positive results can be achieved only in the context of the active development of modern computer technologies, providing for interactivity, visualization, the use of case stages, mini-research, design work, as well as the possibility of hybrid learning. With this approach, the quality of comprehensive interdisciplinary research and development increases. It is recommended to form an organizational structure of an educational organization according to the type of organization based on knowledge, which is preferable in an unstable socioeconomic environment. The basis for the implementation of proposals for the further development of scientific and educational relations between Russia and Tajikistan is social partnership, as an instrument for regulating social and labor relations.

Bryan S. Cabreros, Cherrypyn B. Barbacena

This study developed a management framework for quality assurance to enhance Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and technology pre-service teacher education programs in CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon). Using the three-round Delphi consensus-building technique, the research assessed quality assurance practices and challenges in managing Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLEd) and Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTEd) programs. The study also examined key factors affecting student performance in licensure examinations, career decision influences, and strategies to improve program appeal. Thirteen Delphi experts, including College Deans and program chairs, and 117 BTLEd and BTVTEd graduates participated. Thematic and statistical analyses, including the Mann-Whitney U test, compared assessment differences between graduates concerning licensure exam performance, career decisions, and program appeal strategies. The findings highlight that Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) in the region prioritize quality assurance through curriculum reviews, faculty engagement, accreditation, facility maintenance, and continuous improvement. However, they face challenges such as resource limitations, curriculum misalignment, faculty development issues, and lack of specific quality assurance standards for TVET programs. Graduates noted factors influencing their licensure exam performance and career decisions, emphasizing the importance of review preparation, teaching strategies, and professional development. To enhance program appeal, there is a need for sustained career guidance, institutional initiatives, and program awareness efforts. The study recommends strengthening collaboration with stakeholders and implementing the proposed management framework to align with national and international standards.

Yu Zhou, Ranran Qiao, Tengteng Ding et al.

Objective For emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease, future uncertainty is a critical issue during this pivotal stage of life, study and career development, as they encounter many unknown challenges and opportunities. However, to the best of our knowledge, only a few qualitative studies on how emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease cope with these uncertainties exist. This study aimed to investigate uncertainties associated with the future of emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease and explore coping strategies. Design A qualitative semistructured interview study with a phenomenological approach. Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subsequently analysed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method. Setting A tertiary hospital in eastern China. Participants Participants (n=14) were emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease recruited from a tertiary hospital in eastern China, using a purposeful sampling technique. Results Fourteen patients completed the interviews. Four themes were identified: uncertainties in educational and vocational planning, social and interpersonal relationships, mental and emotional health and disease management. Moreover, the participants emphasised the significance of timely patient education postdiagnosis and ensuring consistent medical guidance after discharge to minimise uncertainty and alleviate confusion. They also hoped to manage the disease through traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusions This study provides valuable insights into the various challenges encountered by emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease and the factors that may impact their experiences. Additionally, it suggests the need for healthcare providers to devise suitable support and intervention strategies to guide and establish stable management of the patients’ uncertain futures. Trial registration number ChiCTR2300071289.

Juan Chen, Jie Chen, Jiayu Li et al.

Impoverished students constitute a group that cannot be overlooked in higher education. It is crucial for pharmaceutical universities worldwide to implement financial assistance programs that promote the development and success of students from poor families. Chinese universities have carried out active exploration of subsidized education, and made important achievements, but there are also problems, which are worth learning from. This study proposed a strategy to improve the core literacy of impoverished pharmaceutical students under the development-oriented funding system. The study centers on clinical pharmacy students from a pharmaceutical college as the research subjects. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach was employed, with quantitative data collected through a survey questionnaire, supplemented by qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews. Data gathered from these two levels were integrated and subjected to statistical analysis. The quantitative survey yielded a total of 397 valid samples, most of whom were females (73.8%), mainly at undergraduate level (89.67%), and from non-urban area (73.81%). Five of them participated in further qualitative interviews. The combined data identified: (a) financial aid—most students were highly satisfied with the financial support; (b) psychological support—most of the students interviewed reported that the scholarship significantly improved their self-confidence and motivation; (c) academic guidance—funded students had clear expectations for career development and academic guidance, demonstrating a strong need for further professional study; and (d) employment assistance—most students wanted career guidance and career planning support. The financial assistance in pharmaceutical colleges and universities should be enriched to resolve the worries of impoverished clinical pharmacy students through economic assistance, improve the moral cultivation with psychological assistance, strengthen their cultural and scientific literacy, and improve their knowledge and practical ability through academic assistance. Through the integration of pharmacy education, the vocational competence of clinical pharmacy students can be improved by employment assistance, and the reform of higher pharmacy education can be further promoted to improve the training quality of pharmaceutical talents.

فرشید اصلانی

هدف: هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر گرانباری نقش بر فلات شغلی با میانجی گری تعارض کار-زندگی و تعدیل گری ثبات عاطفی معلمان است. روش: روش پژوهش حاضر کاربردی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش متشکل از 250 نفر از معلمان شاهین شهر بود که بر اساس فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه 151نفر محاسبه شد. ابزار گرد آوری داده پرسشنامه استاندارد فلات زدگی شغلی بر گرفته از الن و همکاران(1999) با پایایی 7/0، ثبات عاطفی برگرفته از گلدبرگ (1999) با پایایی 832/0، گرانباری شغلی بر گرفته از اسپکتور و جکس (۱۹۹۸) با پایایی 733/0 و تعارض زندگی و کاربرگرفته از نت مه یر(1996) با پایایی(952/0) می باشد. پایایی و روایی ابزار در این پژوهش بررسی و تائید شد. به منظور تحلیل داده‌ها و آزمون فرضیه‌ها، از مدل معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار PLS استفاده شد.یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که فلات شغلی بر گرانباری شغلی در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد تأثیرگذار است. فلات شغلی بر گرانباری نقش با نقش میانجی تعارض کار و زندگی، فلات شغلی بر گرانباری نقش با نقش تعدیلگر ثبات عاطفی و فلات شغلی بر تعارض کار و زندگی تاثیر گذار نمی باشند. نتیجه‌گیری: وقتی عوامل استرس زا مانند گرانباری شغلی وجود دارد، افراد با ثبات عاطفی ممکن است رویکردی پیشگیرانه و حل مسئله اتخاذ کنند، که منجر به تخصیص منابع بیشتر به حوزه کاری می شود اما منابع کمتری را در حوزه های غیر کاری ذخیره می کنند. در نتیجه، آنها تمایل دارند تضاد کار و زندگی بیشتری را تجربه کنند.

امید جمشیدی, فاطمه شفیعی, محمود حافظیه

تحقیق حاضر با هدف تحلیل مؤلفه‌‌های تأثیرگذار بر توسعه کارآفرینی فناورانه و نوآورانه در حوزه صید و صیادی استان‌های شمالی کشور انجام شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه در بخش تحلیل محتوا صاحبنظران و خبرگان و در بخش مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری کارشناسان حوزه صید و صیادی بود که از بین آنها، 30 نفر با ترکیبی از روش‌های نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. به‌منظور شناسایی مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر توسعه کارآفرینی فناورانه و نوآورانه در صید و صیادی از تکنیک تحلیل محتوا استفاده و 55 کد اولیه در قالب 10 مؤلفه استخراج شد. نتایج بخش مدل‌سازی ساختاری-تفسیری نشان داد که مؤلفه‌‌های تأثیرگذار بر توسعه کارآفرینی فناورانه و نوآورانه صید و صیادی در چهار سطح تقسیم‌بندی شدند. در سطح زیرین (سطح 4) مؤلفه حمایت و پشتیبانی به‌عنوان مهمترین‌ مؤلفه و سنگ زیربنایی مدل قرار گرفت. در سطح سوم مؤلفه‌‌‌های زیست‌محیطی و مدیریتی، در سطح دوم مؤلفه‌های توان بیولوژیک، اقتصادی، بازاری و تأمین منابع مالی و انسانی و در سطح بالایی (سطح 1) که کمترین نفوذ بر سایر مؤلفه‌ها را داشت، عوامل آموزشی و تحقیقاتی، فنی و حرفه‌ای و بین‌المللی قرار گرفت. نتایج تحلیل MICMAC نیز حاکی از این بود که عوامل مدیریتی و حمایتی پشتیبانی با بیشترین میزان نفوذ و وابستگی کم در ناحیه مستقل، عوامل فنی و حرفه‌ای و بین‌المللی با میزان وابستگی بالا در ناحیه وابسته و سایر عوامل در ناحیه پیوندی قرار گرفتند. الگوی ارائه شده تحقیق، می‌تواند راهنما و نقشۀ راهی برای سیاست‌گذاران و تصمیم‌گیرندگان کلیدی نظام صید و صیادی برای رسیدن به توسعۀ پایدار اکوسیستم کارآفرینی قرار گیرد.

Editorial Office

نوشین سارانی, محمدشریف شریف‌زاده, غلامحسین عبداله زاده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر اعتبارات خرد دریافتی (به طور ویژه؛ وام‌های اشتغال‌زایی بنیاد برکت) بر معیشت خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان زابل انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل 7263 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار روستایی بود. نمونه‌ها به صورت تصادفی از بین 30 روستا انتخاب شدند. نتایج بررسی کیفیت اعتبارات نشان داد که شرایط آسان وثیقه‌گذاری و ضمانت، تأمین مدارک مورد نیاز، شفافیت در مراحل کار و ارایه اطلاعات کافی درباره تسهیلات اعتباری کیفیت بهتری داشتند و 80/70 درصد پاسخگویان کیفیت اعتبارات دریافتی را متوسط ارزیابی کردند. نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان داد که مواردی مانند کارگری، دامداری، زراعت، تولید صنایع دستی و کمک‌های دولتی و از کارافتادگی از جمله راهبردهای مهم معیشتی در منطقه مورد مطالعه بودند. نتایج آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای نشان داد که سرمایه‌های انسانی، فیزیکی، طبیعی و مالی در وضعیت مطلوبی نیستند و فقط سرمایه‌ اجتماعی کمی بیشتر از حد متوسط است. نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی منجر به دسته‌بندی راهبردهای معیشتی و استخراج سه گروه معیشتی شامل «راهبرد معیشت مبتنی بر تولید محصول»، «راهبرد معیشت مبتنی بر خوداشتغالی» و «راهبرد معیشت مبتنی بر دریافت حقوق» شد که 58/65 درصد واریانس کل را تبیین کردند. نتایج رگرسیون خطی به منظور بررسی تأثیر شاخص کیفیت اعتبارات بر هر کدام از سرمایه‌های معیشتی نشان داد که اعتبارات بر سه نوع سرمایه انسانی، فیزیکی و مالی و همچنین شاخص کل معیشت پایدار، تأثیر مثبت معنی‌دار دارد و بر دو نوع سرمایه اجتماعی و طبیعی تأثیری نداشته است.

Lyudmila A. Chizhova, Olga V. Lets, Andrey O. Podoplekin

Background. The article is describes the problems and peculiarities of labor and employment of the younger generation in the Arctic regions of Russia in the context of modern political, economic and socio-cultural reality. Special attention is paid to the results of a sociological study of the youth of the Arkhangelsk agglomeration, where the risks of job instability are quite acute, which in turn leads to high rates of migration attitudes. Purpose. The authors aim to reveal the socio-cultural and economic aspects of the problem of labor and employment of young people living in the Russian Arctic. Methodology. The main research methods used were content analysis of monographic and periodic scientific publications, statistical analysis of socio-economic indicators, and sociological surveys of representatives of the younger generation. Results. It has been established that the main reasons for the migration attitudes of the younger generation of the Arctic region are both the lack of employment opportunities, career growth and decent earnings, as well as dissatisfaction with the “future” and “cultural environment”. At the same time, the authors are convinced that in modern conditions, the successful socio-economic development of the Arctic territories depends on ideological and political stability, life strategies of young people, identity and emotional connection with the territory of residence. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the practice of regional authorities responsible for the implementation of youth policy, including in the field of vocational guidance, employment and employment.

محمد رضوانی, محسن رسولی, کیانوش زهراکار

چکیدههدف: مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی، هوش سازمانی و عزت نفس در پیش بینی خودکارآمدی شغلی معلمان بود. روش: طرح این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه پژوهش را معلمان مناطق 22 گانه شهر تهران تشکیل دادند و از این بین، 300 نفر بر اساس نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان به پرسشنامه-های خودکارآمدی شغلی ریگز و نایت (1994)، مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی سازمان کارول (1991)، هوش سازمانی آلبرشت (2003) و عزت نفس روزنبرگ (1965) پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با روش‌های ضرایب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندگانه با مدل هم‌زمان در نرم‌افزار SPSS-27 تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: بر اساس یافته‌ها، مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی، هوش سازمانی و عزت نفس با خودکارآمدی شغلی معلمان همبستگی مثبت و معنی-دار داشتند (01/0>p). نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نیز نشان داد متغیر مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی به میزان 19 درصد، هوش سازمانی به میزان 27 درصد و عزت نفس به میزان 14 درصد (در مجموع 60 درصد) قدرت پیش بینی‌کنندگی خودکارآمدی شغلی معلمان را داشتند (01/0>p). نتایج: طبق این نتایج برای بهبود خودکارآمدی شغلی معلمان می‌توان زمینه را برای بهبود مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی، هوش سازمانی و عزت نفس آنان فراهم ساخت.

Satu Kaleva, Jouni Pursiainen, Ismail Celik et al.

This study examines how general upper secondary (GUS) students’ school subject-specific preferences, mathematical and verbal self-efficacy beliefs, and gender, relate to students’ university study field interests. A cohort sample of 601 students from ten Finnish GUS schools from Oulu answered a survey inquiring students current and further study interests. To investigate underlying factors regarding GUS students’ educational interests, we adapted the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) as a theoretical baseline for this study. To examine factor structures behind the interests, a series of exploratory factor analyses, linear simple regression analyses, and cluster analyses were conducted. Findings showed that subject preferences and self-efficacy beliefs can, to some extent, predict interest in science & technology, service, health & education, and economics & social sciences. However, gender was found to be an overarching predictor of study field interest. Our results emphasize the need to develop gender-sensitive guidance methods and the importance of building such cooperation between school and working life that highlights anti-stereotypical role models. We also present suggestions for future research and concrete methods that would enable students to reflect on their current educational and career choices more broadly, based on their own strengths while being more aware of the directing influence of gender on their educational and career choices. Tiivistelmä Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee, miten lukiolaisten oppiainekohtaiset mieltymykset, matemaattiset ja verbaaliset pystyvyysuskomukset ja sukupuoli ovat yhteydessä koulutusalakiinnostukseen. Lukio-opintoja ja jatko-opintotoiveita koskevaan kyselyyn vastasi 601 opiskelijaa Oulun alueen kymmenestä lukiosta. Tutkiaksemme koulutusalakiinnostuksen taustalla olevia rakenteita, toteutimme sarjan eksploratiivisia, kartoittavia faktorianalyysejä, lineaarisia muuttujien välisiä yhteyksiä tarkastelevia regressioanalyysejä ja ryhmitteleviä klusterianalyysejä aineistosta. Opiskelijoiden koulutusintressien taustalla olevien tekijöiden tutkimiseksi käytämme sosio-kognitiivista urateoriaa (SCCT). Tulokset osoittivat tiettyjen oppiainemieltymysten ja matemaattisen tai kielellisen minäpystyvyyden osaltaan ennustavan koulutusalakiinnostusta koskien erityisesti tiede- ja teknologia-alaa, palvelu-, terveys- ja kasvatusalaa sekä talous- ja sosiaalitieteitä. Kuitenkin kaikista merkittävin ennustava tekijä yliopistojen koulutusalakiinnostuksen taustalla oli opiskelijan sukupuoli. Tuloksemme korostavat sukupuolisensitiivisten uraohjausmenetelmien kehittämisen tarvetta sekä sellaisen koulun ja työelämän yhteistyön rakentamisen tärkeyttä, joka nostaa esiin sukupuolisten stereotypioiden vastaisia roolimalleja. Esittelemme myös ehdotuksia tulevaa tutkimusta varten ja konkreettisia menetelmiä, joiden avulla opiskelijat voisivat pohtia nykypäivän koulutus- ja uravalintojaan laajemmin, omiin vahvuuksiin pohjaten ja tietoisempina sukupuolen ohjaavasta vaikutuksesta koulutus- ja uravalinnoissaan. Avainsanat: lukio-opiskelija; koulutusalakiinnostus; ainemieltymykset; minäpystyvyys; sukupuolinen segregaatio; SCCT

مجید واحدی

هدف: پژوهش حاضر باهدف اعتبارسنجی مدل جبران خدمات معلمان بر اساس استراتژی عملکرد در مدارس شهر تبریز انجام گردید. روش: این پژوهش ازنظر اهداف کاربردی(الگو) و از نوع آمیخته (کیفی و کمی) بود. جامعه آماری مرحله کیفی صاحب‌نظران و خبرگان به تعداد 10 نفر با روش هدفمند گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. جامعه آماری در بخش کمی را کلیه مدیران و معلمان مدارس شهر تبریز به تعداد 2700 نفر را تشکیل داده بود که با استفاده فرمول کوکران تعداد 338 نفر، نمونه انتخاب گردید. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در بخش کیفی مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته بود که تحلیل سؤالات آن با استفاده از روش گراندد تئوری انجام گرفت. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در بخش کمی پرسشنامه‌ای بود که از نتایج تحلیل مرحله کیفی، طراحی گردید. یافته‌ها: در بخش کیفی عوامل مدل جبران خدمات و استراتژی عملکرد، از دو مقوله اصلی(مدل جبران خدمات و استراتژی عملکرد) و شش مقوله فرعی(مالی- مستقیم، مالی- غیرمستقیم، درون‌سازمانی، برون‌سازمانی، شایستگی محور و تساوی محور) از 28 کد مستخرج و تائید گردید. در بخش کمی پژوهش تحلیل عاملی تأییدی توسط نرم‌افزار Smart PLS3 انجام گردید که نشان داد مدل جبران خدمات با تأکید بر استراتژی عملکرد از اعتبار لازم برخوردار بود. نتیجه‌گیری: وضعیت کنونی مدل جبران خدمات معلمان در راستای عملکرد آنان مورد بازبینی‌شده و با مدل مطلوب و طراحی شود. همچنین درزمان ارزیابی عملکرد معلمان، مسئولین، شیوه‌ای را که ملاک عمل قرار می‌گیرد، به‌طور شفاف به معلمان اعلام نمایند.

زهرا تقی زاده قوام, حمیده رشادت جو, رسول داودی

هدف: هدف پژوهش ارائه الگوی نظام آموزش اثربخش برای مدیران دوره‌ی ابتدایی آموزش و پرورش شهر تهران بود. روش: روش پژوهش حاضر در کلان مطالعه از نظر اهداف کاربردی و مقطعی بود، در این مقاله تمرکز اصلی نتایج بر بخش کمی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل همه مدیران مدارس شهر تهران بودند و نمونه آماری تعداد 269 نفر از آنان که براساس جدول مورگان مشخص شدند. ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده‌ها در ابتدا مصاحبه با خبرگان این حوزه و سپس تدوین پرسشنامه بود. یافته‌ها: براساس تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها الگوی نظام آموزش اثربخش برای مدیران دوره‌ی ابتدایی ارائه شد که دارای هشت بعد: 1) رهبری و خط‌مشی‌گذاری با اعتبار 87/0، 2) ساختار مدیریتی با اعتبار 88/0، 3) آموزش اثربخش با اعتبار 93/0، 4) طراحی آموزشی با اعتبار 89/0، 5) برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی با اعتبار 90/0، 6) مدیریت اجرایی با عاتبار 89/0، 7) الزامات اجرایی با اعتبار 91/0، 8) ارزشیابی و پایش با اعتبار 93/0 می‌باشد. نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع الگوی آموزش اثربخش با 8 بعد، 36 مؤلفه و 154 شاخص بدست آمد، که این الگو می‌تواند مددکار مدیران سایر مناطق آموزش و پرورش باشد.

ندا علیزاده, علیرضا نیکویی, فاطمه عسگری et al.

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بهینه کاوی فرآیند صدور مجوزهای کشاورزی در حوزه دام سنگین، طراحی شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق دو بخش متقاضیان و کارشناسان را شامل می‌شود. در بخش متقاضیان، 104نفر از افرادی که بین سال‌های 97 تا 99 در استان‌های درخواست مجوز کرده بودند و موفق به دریافت مجوز شده بودند، انتخاب و در بخش کارشناسان نیز 100 نفر از نمایندگان دستگاه‌های کلیدی دست اندرکار، انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق مد نظر برای این تحقیق، گروه کانونی بود. مبنای کار برگزاری جلسات گروهی و مصاحبه‌های ساختارمند بود. در این روش ابتدا وضع موجود فرآیند صدور مجوز دام سنگین، موانع و مشکلات از دید متقاضیان، شناسایی و سپس شرایط مطلوب از دید کارشناسان معرفی و در نهایت راهکارهای رفع مشکلات، احصاء شد. مطابق نتایج عمده‌ترین مشکلات عبارت بود از: 1) صدور مجوز در استان‌های مختلف روال ثابتی ندارد 2) مرحله ثبت نام بدون بررسی اولیه جهت احراز شرایط انجام می‌شود. 3) سامانه پنجره واحد هوشمند نیست. 4) شفافیت در قوانین و مقررات وجود ندارد. 5) نهادهای دست اندرکار با هم و با سامانه پنجره واحد هماهنگ نیستند.6) بازدیدهای کارشناسان زیاد و غیر ضروری است. برخی راهکارهای پیشنهادی نیز عبارتند از: 1) استعدادیابی مناطق مختلف برای انجام فعالیت‌های کشاورزی قبل از ثبت درخواست در سامانه. 2) انجام کلیه مراحل در سامانه هوشمند و به صورت یکپارچه. 3) ارائه یک مشاوره به متقاضی در مرحله تشکیل پرونده. 4) حذف موارد غیر ضرور نظیر برخی استعلام‌های مازاد 5) تهیه بروشور از مراحل مختلف برای پرهیز از دوباره کاری متقاضیان.

Soledad Romero-Rodríguez, Celia Moreno-Morilla, Tania Mateos-Blanco

Vocational Education and Training (VET) policies are paying increasing attention towards the need to develop quality career guidance processes. Career guidance plays an essential role in this challenge by enabling people to develop the career management skills that allow them to become aware of their full potential and to construct life projects that facilitate the emotional management of uncertainty and complexity, participating as responsible agents in their environment. After conducting a literature review on each of these key elements, we set out to identify best practices in VET as “building blocks” for the construction of an integrated career guidance plan in VET. This study adopts an approach based on qualitative methodology, specifically a documentary type of research has been carried out. The documents analysed correspond to 88 best practices identified in Andalusia (Spain). The analysis strategy used was a content analysis. For this purpose, a system of categories has been designed, from a deductive perspective, which has contributed to a systematic analysis of them. One of the first conclusions of the study is the uneven development o best practices in the different VET professional pathways. The practices carried out in the centres begin to incorporate different elements and thus facilitate the creation of a suitable context for the development of comprehensive career guidance plans in VET. The article closes by offering implications for the development of guidance in the education system (at VET level) and discusses lines of future research.

Faina Kremen, Sergei Kremen

Modern challenges set new goals for vocational guidance in the education system: it is important to prepare the future subject of social and professional activity, with competencies that ensure success in various fields. The purpose of the study is the analysis of modern approaches and methods of vocational guidance in the education system as an accompaniment to the professional self-determination of schoolchildren in Russia and abroad. The study is based on a comparison of modern models and approaches to career guidance in different countries (USA, Europe, China, Russia, etc.) in the context of globalization, digitalization, accelerating the pace of change, and increasing uncertainty. The main empirical method of the research was the content analysis of scientific domestic and foreign scientific publications that reveal the theoretical and applied aspects of vocational guidance (86 publications in total). The categories of analysis were: campaigns, organizational models, subjects, goals, forms, and methods of vocational guidance. The study showed the presence of both common features and differences. The similarity is found at the theoretical level in understanding the purpose of modern career guidance as a process of supporting students' professional self-determination, as well as the importance of carrying out this work at all levels of education using practical-oriented forms of work. The features of vocational guidance in developed countries, unlike Russia, include the existence of an organized work system implemented by specialists in the form of educational programs. The study allows us to determine both the positive aspects of the development of vocational guidance in Russia, as well as the shortcomings that need to be addressed.

T. Mukhina, S. Sorokoumova, P. A. Egorova et al.

Introduction. This article deals with the problem of professional self-determination and the professional career of studying youth. Analyzed the theoretical and methodological approaches to this problem. As a result of the study, it was found that the direction of modern training of young people in educational organizations for the informed choice of profession is largely due to modern socio-economic (labor migration, reduction in the number of working-age population, reduction of jobs, etc.) and socio-pedagogical conditions – standardization of education, scientific and theoretical preparation for the Unified State Exam, etc., while taking into account the personal potential of a person, his interests, values, worldview, goes “into the background”. Some causes of this phenomenon are revealed, namely: insufficient training of teachers of educational institutions of secondary general and vocational education (S.N. Chistyakova); replacement of professional values, focused on the formation of a professional – a master of his craft, on "the ideal lifestyle - American, European, etc."; introduction of information technology into society; government support for the self-employment program from the state, etc.In this regard, the work actualizes the need for purposeful gradual formation of internal readiness for the studying youth to independently and consciously plan, adjust and realize the prospects for their development.The relevance of our research is due to the need to bridge the gap between theory and the real system of vocational guidance in the educational process of the school. According to N. Eremeeva, A.P. Panfilova, N.S. Pryazhnikov's modern education system should not only develop the students' intellect, increase its capabilities - it should practically orient it, manage the attention and action of students, teach them the process of independent learning and development, expand their innovative and creative potential.In this regard, the goal of our research is to provide a comprehensive psychological and pedagogical support for professional self-determination and professional career for students in an integrative school-university environment.Materials and methods. A model of complex psychological and pedagogical support for professional self-determination and professional career of students is developed and presented. The model is implemented on the basis of the Municipal Public Educational Institution “School No. 187 with in-depth study of individual subjects” in the city of Novgorod. The school carries out general education programs (the normative period of study is 2 years); general educational programs with an in-depth study of the economy (standard training period of 2 years); general educational programs with in-depth study of mathematics (the normative period of study is 2 years).In order to determine the initial features of professional self-determination of high school students, a pilot study was conducted. The diagnostic tools are based on the following methods: the questionnaire of personal orientations of E. Shostroma, adapted by Yu.E. Aleshina, L.Ya. Gozman, M.V. Zagika – measures the self-actualization of the personality (CAT); methods of studying the factors of attractiveness of the profession (V. A. Yadov, modification N.V. Kuzmina, A.A. Rean).Results. The obtained data of a comparative analysis of the research results for the 2016/2017 academic year and the 2017/2018 academic year. yy. on the basis of Municipal Public Educational Institution “School No. 187 with in-depth study of individual subjects”, it shows that career guidance work on the basis of the created integrative complex “school - university” that implements the development program of the educational institution “School - innovative education complex” corresponds to the specified goals and objectives of the research and effectively prepare students for the choice of a profession and further career growth.Discussion and Conclusions. The high performance of the proposed methods according to the results of the study suggests that high school students have a sufficient understanding of the process of choosing a profession, the requirements for the individual, professional skills, which allowed young people to decide on the choice of profession and university where they can undergo professional training.The results obtained indicate the feasibility of the study and the reliability of the results. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of monitoring students' enrollment in professional educational organizations, published on the official website of the Municipal public institution of secondary schools “School No. 187 with in-depth study of individual subjects” confirm the effectiveness of the work being done.